(Basics) Complex Numbers DPP 1: Algebra of Complex Numbers

Section A: Algebra of Complex Numbers

Q1. Simplify the following complex numbers:
99 7
1. 37i99 + 37 i + 31i999
45 128
2. 3 i + 2i345 + 12i56

3. 5i777 + 2i100 − 3i156

4. (2 + 3i) (5 − 6i) + i888
2+3i 7i
5. i5 + i3

Q2. Use the properties of powers of i to simplify the following expressions:

1. i1999 + i777 − i342
1 1
2. i555 + i333

3. 37i99 + 31i999

4. 5i777 − 2i100 + 3i156

Section B: Argument of Complex Numbers

Q3. Find the argument of the following complex numbers:
99 7
1. z = 37i99 + 37 i + 31i999
2. z = 5i777 + 2i100 − 3i156
45 128
3. z = 3 i + 2i345 + 12i56

4. z = (1 + 2i)(3 − 4i) + i512

5. z = 4i555 + 12 i3 − i9
6. z = 3i100 − 2i74 + 7i243
7. z = i122 + 5i15 + 2i34

8. z = 3i10 + 7i45 − i200

9. z = 5i25 + i444 − 9i333
10. z = 73 i55 + i63 − 8i77

Q4. Find the argument of the following complex numbers:

37i99 +99i7 +31i999
1. z = 4+3i

1
 i256 +i512
2. z = i3 −1

7+8i
3. z = 3−5i

i144 +i222
4. z = 1+i

1+2i
5. z = i222

Section C: Modulus of Complex Numbers

Q5. Find the modulus of the following complex numbers:
99 7
1. z = 37i99 + 37 i + 31i999
2. z = 5i777 + 2i100 − 3i156
45 128
3. z = 3 i + 2i345 + 12i56
4. z = 4i555 + 12 i3 − i9
5. z = 3i100 − 2i74 + 7i243
7+8i
6. z = 3−5i

1+2i
7. z = i222

8. z = 3 + 4i
9. z = 6 − 2i
√
10. z = 1 + 3i
Q6. Find the modulus of the following complex numbers:
1+2i
1. z = i222
7+8i
2. z = 3−5i

3. z = i122 + 5i15 + 2i34

37i99 +99i7 +31i999
4. z = 4+3i

Section D: Conjugates of Complex Numbers

Q7. Find the conjugate of the following complex numbers and verify the result:
99 7
1. 37i99 + 37 i + 31i999
45 128
2. 3 i + 2i345 + 12i56
3. 5i777 + 2i100 − 3i156
4. 1 + 2i
5. 3 + 4i
6. 6 − 2i
7 55
7. 3i + i63 − 8i77
Q8. Use the conjugate to simplify the following expressions:

2
 3+4i
1. 5−2i

1+2i
2. i222
7+8i
3. 3−5i

37i99 +99i7 +31i999

4. 3+2i

Q9. Prove the following property of conjugates: If z = a + bi, then z = a − bi and |z|2 = z · z.
99 7
Q10. If z = 37i99 + 37 i + 31i999 , find the conjugate z, and show that z · z = |z|2 .
99 7
Q11. If z1 = 37i + 37 i + 31i999 and z2 = 4 + 3i, find z1 · z2 and z1 + z2 .
99

Section E: When Two Complex Numbers are the Same

Q12. When are the following complex numbers equal? Solve for x and y.
99 7
1. 37i99 + 37 i + 31i999 = 3 + 4i
2. 2i345 + 7i555 = −5 + 8i
3. 5i777 + 2i100 − 3i156 = 0

4. 2i444 + 3i111 = 4 + 5i
5. 7i100 − i222 = 4i
Q13. Solve for the values of x and y if:
99 7
x + yi = 37i99 + i + 31i999 .
37
Q14. Determine when the following complex numbers are equal:
99 7
z1 = 37i99 + i + 31i999 , z2 = 3 + 4i.
37

Section F: Advanced Applications

Q15. If z1 = 3 + 4i and z2 = 5 − 2i, find:
1. z1 + z2
2. z1 · z2

Q16. Find the modulus and argument of the complex number 1+i i5 .
Q17. Find the cube roots of the complex number 8cis60◦ , using De Moivre’s Theorem.
5+6i
Q18. Simplify the expression 3−4i using the conjugate and find its modulus and argument.
Exercise Sheet: Triangle Inequality and Euler’s Form in Complex Numbers

Exercise on Triangle Inequality and Euler’s Form in Complex Num-

bers
π π
Q1. Given the complex numbers z1 = 3ei 4 and z2 = 5ei 3 , find the modulus of z1 + z2 using the triangle
inequality.
Q2. Let z1 = 2 + 3i and z2 = 4 − i. Use the triangle inequality to find an upper bound for the modulus
of z1 + z2 .

3
 Q3. Prove that for any complex numbers z1 and z2 , the inequality

|z1 + z2 | ≤ |z1 | + |z2 |

π π
holds by directly applying the triangle inequality to the following complex numbers: z1 = ei 6 , z2 = 3ei 4 .
π 5π
Q4. If z1 = ei 2 and z2 = 3ei 6 , find the value of |z1 + z2 | using the triangle inequality. Also, check
whether the inequality |z1 + z2 | ≤ |z1 | + |z2 | is sharp.
π
Q5. Let z1 = 2eiθ and z2 = 3ei(θ+ 3 ) for some θ. Using the triangle inequality, find the possible range
for |z1 + z2 | as θ varies.
π π
Q6. Given z1 = 4ei 3 and z2 = −3ei 4 , determine the modulus of z1 + z2 and check if the triangle
inequality holds for this pair of complex numbers.
π π
Q7. Using Euler’s form, find the exact value of |z1 + z2 | where z1 = 2ei 6 and z2 = 5ei 3 . Also, determine
if the triangle inequality is sharp.
π π
Q8. For z1 = 3ei 4 and z2 = 4ei 2 , apply the triangle inequality and find an upper bound for |z1 + z2 |.
Then, calculate the exact value of |z1 + z2 | and discuss if the triangle inequality gives the exact modulus.
π π
Q9. Let z1 = ei 6 and z2 = ei 3 . Use the Euler form and the triangle inequality to find the maximum
possible value of |z1 + z2 |.
π π
Q10. For the complex numbers z1 = 6ei 6 and z2 = 4ei 2 , find the exact value of |z1 + z2 | and use the
triangle inequality to provide an upper bound for |z1 + z2 |.
π π
Q11. Given z1 = 4ei 3 and z2 = 3ei 2 , find the modulus of z1 + z2 using Euler’s form. Is the triangle
inequality sharp in this case?
Q12. If z1 = 3 + 4i and z2 = 5 − 2i, use Euler’s form to express both complex numbers and find an
upper bound for |z1 + z2 |.
π π
Q13. Using Euler’s form, prove the triangle inequality for z1 = 2ei 6 and z2 = 5ei 4 . What is the upper
bound for |z1 + z2 |?
π π
Q14. For z1 = ei 3 and z2 = 6ei 2 , calculate |z1 + z2 | and check if the triangle inequality is sharp.
Q15. If z1 = 4 + 3i and z2 = 3 − i, find the modulus |z1 + z2 | and determine if the triangle inequality
holds as an equality.
π π
Q16. Let z1 = 7ei 4 and z2 = 5ei 3 , find the modulus of z1 + z2 and prove that the triangle inequality
holds for these values.
π π
Q17. Given z1 = 3ei 6 and z2 = 4ei 2 , calculate the exact value of |z1 + z2 | and compare it with the
upper bound provided by the triangle inequality.
Q18. For z1 = 3 + 5i and z2 = 4 − 2i, find the modulus |z1 + z2 | and check if it satisfies the triangle
inequality.
π π
Q19. Let z1 = ei 6 and z2 = ei 3 . Calculate the maximum value of |z1 + z2 | using the triangle inequality.
π π
Q20. Given z1 = 5ei 4 and z2 = 2ei 6 , find the modulus |z1 + z2 | and check the validity of the triangle
inequality.
Q21. Find the modulus of the complex number z = (2 + 3i)(4 − i). Use the triangle inequality to find
an upper bound for |z|.
π π
Q22. Let z1 = ei 5 and z2 = ei 3 . Find the modulus |z1 + z2 | and verify if the triangle inequality holds
as equality in this case.
π π
Q23. For the complex numbers z1 = 4ei 6 and z2 = 3ei 4 , find the modulus |z1 + z2 | and compare it with
the upper bound given by the triangle inequality.
π π
Q24. Let z1 = 2ei 7 and z2 = 3ei 6 , find the exact value of |z1 + z2 | using Euler’s form and check if the
triangle inequality is sharp.
π π
Q25. For z1 = 6ei 4 and z2 = 2ei 3 , find |z1 + z2 | and discuss whether the triangle inequality holds as
equality.