B.

Tech 5th sem

Artificial Intelligence
(KAI - 501)

UNIT 5
Applications of
AI
 Topics
● AI Applications
● Language Model
● Natural Language
Processing
● Machine
translation
● Speech
Recognation
● Robots
AI Applications

AI in Machine learning
A subset of AI that uses statistical techniques to improve computer systems
with experience.
AI in Robotics
Robotics is another field where Artificial Intelligence applications are commonly
used. Robots powered by AI use real-time updates to sense obstacles in its path
and pre-plan its journey instantly.
AI in HealthCare
Artificial Intelligence finds diverse applications in the healthcare sector. AI
applications are used in healthcare to build sophisticated machines that can
detect diseases and identify cancer cells.
AI in Agriculture
Artificial Intelligence is used to identify defects and nutrient deficiencies in the
soil. This is done using computer vision, robotics, and machine learning
applications, AI can analyze where weeds are growing.
AI in Gaming
Another sector where Artificial Intelligence applications have found prominence is
the gaming sector. AI can be used to create smart, human-like NPCs to interact
with the players.
AI in Social Media
INSTAGRAM On Instagram, AI considers your likes and the accounts you
follow to determine what posts you are shown on your explore tab.
FACEBOOK Artificial Intelligence is also used along with a tool called DeepText.
With this tool, Facebook can understand conversations better. It can be used to
translate posts from different languages automatically
Language Model
A language model is a type of machine learning model trained to conduct a
probability distribution over words. Put it simply, a model tries to predict the
next most appropriate word to fill in a blank space in a sentence or phrase,
based on the context of the given text.

Language models are a fundamental component of natural language processing

(NLP). They use statistical and probabilistic techniques to predict which words are
most likely to appear together in a sentence or phrase. Language models are
trained using a large dataset of text, such as a collection of books or articles

Language models analyze bodies of text data to provide a basis for their word
predictions. For instance, given "The cat is on the ___," the model might predict
"mat". Through billions of such predictions, the model learns grammar, facts
about the world, reasoning abilities, and even some biases present in the data
Natural language processing
Natural language processing (NLP) is a branch of artificial intelligence (AI) that
enables machines to understand human language. The main goal of NLP is to
build systems that can make sense of text and automatically execute tasks like:
Spell-check, Text translation, Topic classification.

The five phases of NLP are:

● Lexical or morphological analysis

● Syntax analysis (parsing)
● Semantic analysis
● Discourse integration
● Pragmatic analysis
Information Retrieval (IR) and Extraction

Information Retrieval (IR) can be defined as a software program that deals with the
organization, storage, retrieval, and evaluation of information from document
repositories, particularly textual information. Information Retrieval is the activity of
obtaining material that can usually be documented on an unstructured nature i.e.
usually text which satisfies an information need from within large collections which
is stored on computers. For example, Information Retrieval can be when a user
enters a query into the system.

Information extraction (IE) is a technique used in natural language

processing (NLP) to automatically extract structured information from
unstructured text data. It involves taking raw text and processing it in a way
that a computer can understand and use.
Differences
Information Retrieval Data Retrieval

The software program that deals with the Data retrieval deals with obtaining data from a database
organization, storage, retrieval, and evaluation of management system such as ODBMS. It is A process of
information from document repositories identifying and retrieving the data from the database, based on
particularly textual information. the query provided by user or application.

Determines the keywords in the user query and retrieves the

Retrieves information about a subject.
data.

Small errors are likely to go unnoticed. A single error object means total failure.

Not always well structured and is semantically

Has a well-defined structure and semantics.
ambiguous.

Does not provide a solution to the user of the

Provides solutions to the user of the database system.
database system.
The results obtained are approximate matches. The results obtained are exact matches.

Results are ordered by relevance. Results are unordered by relevance.

It is a probabilistic model. It is a deterministic model.

Machine Translation

Machine translation is a powerful tool in natural language processing (NLP) that

can help bridge language barriers to create more efficient communication. NLP is
a technique that allows computers to comprehend human speech. The
combination of NLP and deep learning may be utilized to automate language
translation

There are four different types of machine translation in NLP:

● Statistical machine translation

● Rule-based machine translation
● Hybrid machine translation
● Neural machine translation
Speech recognition
Speech recognition in AI works by converting spoken words into digital signals
that can be analyzed and interpreted by machines.
The process involves several steps, including: Signal processing, Feature
extraction, Acoustic modeling, Language modeling, Decoding.
The speech recognition model works by:

● Analyzing your voice and language

● Identifying the words you are saying
● Outputting those words with transcription accuracy as model content or
text data on a screen

The field of speech recognition has grown exponentially over the past decade,
with ASR systems popping up in popular applications we use every day such as
TikTok.
Robots

Any automatically operated machine that replaces human effort, though it

may not resemble human beings in appearance or perform functions in a
humanlike manner

Here are some examples of AI robots:

Atlas and Spot

Flippy 2

AMP Robotics
AI robots are controlled by AI programs and use different AI technologies, such as
machine learning, computer vision, and RL learning. They are augmented with a
variety of sensors, including vision devices such as 2D/3D cameras, vibration
sensors, proximity sensors, accelerometers, and other environmental sensors
You Tube - CODER_SHIV