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Assignment Activity Unit 4

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42 views2 pages

Assignment Activity Unit 4

Uploaded by

boge5ayman1
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Analyzing the Social Impact of AI on Employment: A Critical Review

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is undoubtedly one of the most transformative


forces in today's society, particularly in its effects on employment across
various sectors. The integration of AI into industries such as manufacturing,
retail, healthcare, and customer service is reshaping how tasks are
performed, introducing both opportunities and challenges. In the context of
employment, the major concern revolves around AI’s potential to displace
human workers, especially in routine, manual, and repetitive jobs, while also
creating new job categories in emerging technologies. Research by
Brynjolfsson and McAfee (2023) underscores that automation powered by AI
is set to replace millions of jobs globally. They argue that while automation
can increase productivity, it disproportionately impacts low-skill workers,
raising concerns about widening economic inequality. According to a report
by Chui et al. (2022), industries such as transportation and logistics are
particularly vulnerable, with autonomous vehicles and drones expected to
reduce demand for truck drivers, delivery personnel, and warehouse workers.
This displacement is exacerbated in regions where such jobs represent a
significant portion of the workforce.

However, while the negative implications of AI are often highlighted, other


sources emphasize the potential for job creation in the technology sector. For
instance, Chui et al. (2022) note that AI development itself demands a new
class of jobs—data scientists, machine learning engineers, and AI ethics
specialists—roles that did not exist a decade ago. This shift calls for a
substantial investment in reskilling and upskilling workers to prepare them
for new opportunities. The World Economic Forum (2023) predicts that while
85 million jobs may be displaced by 2025 due to AI, another 97 million new
roles could be created in fields such as data analysis, digital marketing, and
cybersecurity. This suggests that AI, while disruptive, has the potential to
enhance labor markets by fostering innovation and creating high-value jobs,
provided there is adequate support for workforce transitions.

Critical evaluation of the available data reveals biases rooted in different


perspectives regarding AI’s impact. Scholars such as Brynjolfsson and
McAfee (2023) focus heavily on the disruptive potential of AI, arguing that
job losses will outweigh job creation, especially for individuals in lower-skilled
sectors. While this view highlights valid concerns, it tends to overlook the
broader societal shifts toward digital and knowledge economies, where AI is
expected to generate a significant number of high-wage jobs in tech-oriented
sectors. On the other hand, proponents of AI’s job-creating potential tend to
underplay the immediate challenges faced by workers who may not have
access to the resources needed for retraining. This raises the issue of
socioeconomic disparities in the ability to adapt to AI-driven changes.

To address the impact of AI on employment, a balanced approach is


necessary. Governments, businesses, and educational institutions must
collaborate to create reskilling and upskilling programs aimed at workers in
vulnerable industries. Additionally, policies need to be put in place to
manage the societal transitions brought about by AI, ensuring that its
benefits are distributed equitably. The transition toward an AI-driven
economy must be handled with caution to mitigate the risks of economic
inequality and ensure that displaced workers can find new opportunities. An
important strategy for this would be encouraging partnerships between the
private sector and educational institutions to provide accessible, affordable
training programs.

In conclusion, while AI undeniably presents challenges to the workforce,


especially in terms of job displacement, it also offers opportunities for
creating new types of work and enhancing productivity. The future of AI in
the job market lies in how well societies prepare their workers for the
changes ahead. Critical thinking on this issue requires considering both the
short-term disruptions and the long-term benefits, as well as the biases
present in different scholarly perspectives. The key to successfully
integrating AI into the workforce is ensuring that the workforce is adaptable
and equipped with the necessary skills to thrive in an AI-enhanced economy.

References

Brynjolfsson, E., & McAfee, A. (2023). The second machine age: Work,
progress, and prosperity in a time of brilliant technologies (2nd ed.). W.W.
Norton & Company.

Chui, M., Manyika, J., & Miremadi, M. (2022). The future of work: How
artificial intelligence is transforming the global workforce. McKinsey Global
Institute.

World Economic Forum. (2023). The future of jobs report 2023.


https://www.weforum.org/reports/the-future-of-jobs-report-2023

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