Scribd
Upload
11 views37 pages

B. Moment

Uploaded by

magnusarthur9875
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
11 views37 pages

B. Moment

Uploaded by

magnusarthur9875
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 37

Engineering Mechanics

Rigid Bodies: Equivalent Systems


of Forces
MOMENT
Mohammad Nezam Uddin Chy
Lecturer
Courtesy: Dr. Kazi Afzalur rahman
Vector Product of Two Vectors:
• The vector product of two vectors P and Q is defined as the vector V
which satisfies the following conditions:
1.The line of action of V is perpendicular to the plane containing P and
Q
2.The magnitude of V is the product of the magnitudes of P and Q and
of the sine of the angle u formed by P and Q ; we thus have,
V = PQ sin𝜃
3.The direction of V is obtained from the right-hand rule .
Vector Product of Two Vectors:
Scalar Product of Two Vectors:
Moment

Moment of a Force Moment of a couple


F

d
Moment of a Force about a Point:
Moment of Force F about point O:
Mo = r × 𝑭
• Here,
Mo = Moment of Force F about point O
F = Force acting on point A of the body
d = The perpendicular distance from O to the line of
action of force F = r sin𝜃

• the magnitude of MO measures the tendency of the force F to make the rigid body rotate about a
fixed axis directed along MO .

• Note: The moment MO of a force about a point measures the tendency of the force F to cause
the rigid body to rotate about a fixed axis directed along MO
• Unit: Newton-meter (N-m)
Moment of a Force about a Point:
VARIGNON’S THEOREM

• The moment about a given point O of the resultant of several


concurrent forces is equal to the sum of the moments of the various
forces about the same point O .

M O= F d
= F1d1 + F2d2 + F3d3 + F4d4 + ……… F
RECTANGULAR COMPONENTS OF THE MOMENT
OF A FORCE
• the determination of the moment of a force in space will be
considerably simplified if the force and the position vector of its point
of application are resolved into rectangular x , y , and z components.
Mo= Mxi + My j + Mzk

MOMENT OF A FORCE ABOUT A GIVEN AXIS:


• Consider a force F acting on a rigid body and the
moment MO of that force about O. Let OL be an
axis through O; we define the moment MOL of F about
OL as the projection OC of the moment MO
onto the axis OL .
F
𝑀𝐴= F*d

Fsinα
F

+ Σ𝑀𝐴 =Fcosα *0 –Fsinα *d


α
Fcosα
A

d
2 D problems
Determine the resultant moment with point
O.
Anti-clockwise positive.
The direction of force is upward (to
create anti clockwise moment
about A) because the moment
produce in ans a was anticlockwise
Problem:
• The three forces and a couple shown are applied to an angle bracket.
Find the resultant of this system of forces at A.
Solution:
Applying the force-Couple System we get at point A: For point C: (converting a force couple
system at A we get):

MA = (-40N) × .08 𝑚 = −3.2 𝑁𝑚


3.2 Nm
2.598Nm For point B:
Resolving the for we get,
Bx = 25N × 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝟔𝟎° = 12.5N
By = 25N × 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝟔𝟎° = 21.65N
For point B: (Applying the force couple system at
point A):
MA = By × . 𝟏𝟐𝒎 = 𝟐𝟏. 𝟔𝟓 𝑵 × .12 m =2.598 Nm
Since Bx goes through point we are not going to
get any moment for that.
Solution:
Therefore at point A:
∑Ax = -40 N + 12.5 N = -27.5N
∑Ay = 21.65N – 10 N = 11.65 N
Therefore,

R= ∑𝑨𝒙𝟐 + ∑𝑨𝒚𝟐 = 29.87 N


−𝟏 ∑Ay
𝜽 = tan = 22.96(clockwise)
∑Ax

Moment at A :
MA = .88 Nm + 2.598Nm -3.2Nm = .278 Nm
3 D Problems
Type 1: This type of problems will provide necessary data (angles) to resolve the applied force in three dimensions.

A 36 N force is applied to a wrench to


tighten a Showerhead. Knowing that
the centerline of the wrench is
parallel to the X axis, determine the
moment of the force about A.
Must use cross product
for 3 D

Always anti clockwise


M= r×F
positive.
Where,
r=215Î-50ĵ+140Ǩ
F=-Fcos45⁰sin12⁰Î-Fsin45⁰ĵ-
Fcos45⁰cos12⁰Ǩ
Fsin45⁰

Fcos45⁰sin12⁰
Fcos45⁰cos12⁰ Fcos45⁰
D E
Type 2: Sufficient angles will not available in this type of problems to resolve the force.
Home WorK based on Moment of
a force
Moment of a Couple:
EQUIVALENT COUPLES

– Couples with the same moment have the same effect on the rigid body
– Thus, two couples having the same moment are equivalent
Resolution of a Given Force into a Force at O and a
Couple :
– A Force-Couple System

any force F acting on a rigid body can be moved to an arbitrary point O provided that a couple
is added whose moment is equal to the moment of F about O.

Here, the couple vector MO is perpendicular to the force F

Conversely, a force-couple system consisting of a force F and a couple vector MO


which are mutually perpendicular can be replaced by a single equivalent force F
Reduction of a System of Forces to one Force and
one Couple :
– Equivalent Force-Couple System acting at a given point O
Reduction of a System of Forces into a Wrench :
Problem based on couple

You might also like