Introduction

An important element of the supply chain is the retail. Retail is

the place where the products and goods are sold to the end
users. Retailer purchases goods and products from producers in
large quantities and in turn sells them to consumers in smaller
quantities.
Characteristics of Retail Information System
The retail information system should have following
characteristics:
 Retail Information systems Information systems Retail
Information systems should connect all the stores under
the company's
 Retail information system should allow instant information
exchange between stores and management.
 Retail information system should handle the various
aspect of product management.
 Retail information system should handle customer
analysis.
 Retail information system should allow the store manager
flexible pricing over a financial year.
Question 2
marketing information system, or an MIS, is a system for
gathering, storing, analyzing and distributing valuable
marketing data to help marketers make better decisions. The
input of a marketing information system focuses on collecting
relevant internal and external data to analyze and interpret.
The output of a marketing information system relates to
distributing the findings to all essential internal marketing team
members and managers. Marketers can then use the data to
make more informed marketing decisions to promote the
success of the business.
 Control decisions: Middle-level marketing manager
decisions related to corrective actions based on deviation
from strategic plans implemented by higher-level
marketing managers
 Operational decisions: Decisions related to the day-to-day
activities of marketing professionals, especially related to
accomplishing specific tasks
 Strategic decisions: High-level marketing manager
decisions about matters that affect the entire
organization, such as organizational policies, objectives
and structure
B) Human resource management (HRM) is the practice of
recruiting, hiring, deploying and managing an organization's
employees. HRM is often referred to simply as human
resources (HR). A company or organization's HR department is
usually responsible for creating, putting into effect and
overseeing policies governing workers and the relationship of
the organization with its employees.
Skills and responsibilities of an HR manager
HRM can be broken down into subsections, typically by pre-
employment and employment phases, with an HR manager
assigned to each. Different areas of HRM oversight can include
the following:
 Employee recruitment, onboarding and retention
 Talent management and workforce management
 Job role assignment and career development
 Compensation and benefits
 Labor lawcompliance
 Performance management
 Training and development
 Succession planning
 Employee engagement and recognition
  Team building
What are the most successful recruitment strategies?
The top recruiting strategies to attract and hire quality
candidates include:

Develop a clear employer brand

Create job posts that reflect your company
Invest in an applicant tracking system
Use social media to target talent
Explore niche job boards
Pay to boost job listings
Revisit old resumes
Consider college recruiting
Attend industry events and job fairs
Engage passive candidates
Conduct effective interviews
Consider an employee referral program
Question 3
Airport management system, as airport software is often called,
serve to optimize all these operations: passenger processing,
baggage tagging and handling, arrival/departure operations,
departure control systems, information distribution, and air
traffic control (ATC). Airport software can also include other
solutions, like CRMs and environmental management systems.
Let’s take a closer look at the modules of airport management
software.
An airport management system is a specialized digital platform
that automates and streamlines the main airport operations
including passenger processing, baggage tagging and handling,
arrival/departure operations, departure control systems,
information distribution, and air traffic control (ATC).
This delivers the ability to accelerate key airport processes and
achieve compliance at all levels – from the terminal to the
apron and everywhere else in between.
Primary benefits of airport kiosks
Airport kiosks allow airports to operate more safely and
efficiently by automating many common tasks. Below are some
of the main benefits of airport kiosks and how they work to
create a safer environment for air travel.
Faster Check-In Process
The primary benefit of a kiosk system is faster check-in for
travelers. Airports handle a large volume of visitors daily which
can be quite difficult for staff to handle alone, especially during
the busiest times, like holidays and over the summer. Kiosks
expedite check-in, resulting in shorter lines, decreased wait
times, and happier customers.
Multi-use
Airport kiosks provide a great deal of utility besides flight check-
in and boarding pass and baggage tag printing. They are also
able to provide a platform that can be used for entertainment,
urgent updates, and advertising.
Contactless
The COVID-19 pandemic has increased the attractiveness of
contact-free interactions, especially in busy public settings.
Airport kiosks help to reassure passengers by limiting personal
interactions with staff, while creating a safer environment for
travelers and employees.
Satisfying Customer Expectations
Kiosks are becoming increasingly common across industries and
environments. That is because they provide users with the
freedom to interact and purchase items without assistance.
Simply offering the opportunity for travelers to utilize airport
kiosks can greatly increase customers’ overall satisfaction with
their travel experience.
Lower overhead
Kiosks allow businesses to operate with fewer staff on-site
which ultimately decreases overhead costs. Kiosks can handle a
variety of automated tasks which allow staff to handle more
complex challenges such as customer service. Ultimately, kiosks
let businesses operate more efficiently in terms of both
financial and practical matters.
Self-check-in kiosks are an essential asset to not only airports
but other businesses as well. They allow companies to operate
with more flexibility, saving money while still meeting the
needs of customers.
Question 4
Advantages of information technology in business
Technology systems can also benefit a business by enabling:
 operational efficiencies.
 cost reductions.
 supply of information to decision-makers.
 better customer service.
 continuous availability of the systems.
 growth in communication capabilities and methods.
b) Here are five reasons to integrate mobile technology
with your access control system today.
1. Efficiency
Security emergencies require administrators to access the
system and communicate with people at work if they
aren’t onsite. Mobile technology ensures that businesses
meet all safety and health requirements and makes \\
Security operators can verify that all cardholders onsite
are safe, allowing for quick headcounts. They can see
where people are moving on-site and can route them to a
secure area. Mobile technology also allows security
administrators to see who hasn’t reported to safety zones
and locate them in the building.
This technology eliminates the need for physical
evacuation lists and significantly reduces the time it takes
to make sure everyone is safe.
2. Mobile Technology is Easy to Deploy
Mobile access control integrates with your existing
security system easily and offers a comprehensive,
scalable security solution businesses can use to even
manage companies with multiple sites. It simplifies the
access process as well as the administrator and user
experience.
3. Mobile Technology Saves Money
Mobile credentials are less expensive than access cards. By
using the technology that everyone always carries with
them anyway, businesses can reduce the costs associated
with buying and printing, as well as distributing and
managing key cards.
Mobile technology saves money and time for universities,
especially at the beginning of school semesters, when
students arrive in droves. They need access to classrooms
and dorms, and using mobile credentials makes the
process much easier.
4. Remote Management of Security and Personnel
Security administrators can manage the security system
and users remotely.
Managers can even unlock doors, disable or issue
credentials, manage alarms, or deal with other security
issues no matter where they are as long as they have
internet access. Lost access cards are no longer a big issue
because mobile credentials eliminate the need for an
administrator to always be on site.
Site security personnel don’t need to stay in a centralized
control room so they can respond to on-site emergencies.
Mobile technology provides crucial security information in
real-time when security operators can’t access the control
room immediately.
5. Mobile Access Control is More Secure
Mobile credentials use Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) to
communicate with card readers utilizing a strong
authentication method to ensure secure communication.
This security makes it more difficult for anyone to gain
access to businesses through relay attacks or other
threats.
Access control readers send random data strings to the
mobile device utilizing a private key saved in the
smartphone’s key store. The phone signs the data and
sends it back to the card reader, at which time the reader
validates the digital signature and opens the door. Mobile
technology allows agencies to mitigate attacks making
these systems more secure.
These are only a few of the many reasons why businesses
should choose mobile access control technology to
manage access to their facilities and sites. Contact
Convergint today for more information on integrating
Gallagher’s mobile technology solutions.
Question 5
DBMS can improve your data processes and increase the
business value of your organization’s data assets, freeing users
across the organization from repetitive and time-consuming
data processing tasks.
database management system is a software tool used to create
and manage one or more databases, offering an easy way to
create a database, update tables, retrieve information, and
enhance data. A DBMS is where data is accessed, modified and
locked to prevent conflicts.
A database management system helps improve organizational
security, integration, compliance, and performance.
1. Improved data sharing and data security
Database management systems help users share data quickly,
effectively, and securely across an organization. By providing
quick solutions to database queries, a data management
system enables faster access to more accurate data. End users,
like salespeople, are able to speed up sales cycles and get more
accurate in their sales prospecting.
2. Effective data integration
Implementing a database management system will promote a
more integrated picture of your operations by easily illustrating
how processes in one segment of the organization affect other
segments. What once was done completely manually now can
be fully automated and more accurate. The right DBMS will
include flexible integration options to standardize data across
multiple sources, remove duplicates, normalize, segment,
and enrich data sets into custom workflows.
3. Consistent, reliable data
Data inconsistency occurs when different versions of matching
data exist in different places in an organization. For example,
one group has a client’s correct email, another the correct
phone number. By using a proper database management
system and data quality tools, you can be sure that an accurate
view of data is shared throughout your organization.
4. Data that complies with privacy regulations
Database management systems provide a better framework
for the enforcement of privacy and security policies. By
orchestrating data in a unified manner, companies can
manage privacy and data security centrally, helping unify their
systems of record and lower the risk of regulatory violations.
5. Increased productivity
Deploying a DBMS typically results in increased productivity
because a good DBMS empowers people to spend more time
on high-value activities and strategic initiatives, and less time
cleaning data and manually scrubbing lists.
6. Better decision-making
Decisions built on data are only as good as the information
used. A database management system helps provide a
framework to facilitate data quality initiatives. Better data
management procedures generate higher-quality information,
which leads to better decision-making across an organization.

Question 7
Management information systems can help you make valid
decisions by providing accurate and up-to-date information and
performing analytic functions. You have to make sure the
management information system you choose can work with the
information formats available in your company and has the
features you need. Suitable management information systems
can structure the basic data available from your company
operations and records into reports to present you with
guidance for your decisions.
b) Business information systems provide information that
organizations use to manage themselves efficiently and
effectively, typically using computer systems and technology.
Primary components of business information systems include
hardware, software, data, procedures (design, development,
and documentation) and people.
Question 8
The purpose of an order management system is to organize all
orders you receive into clear and manageable tasks, and
facilitate the fulfillment of those orders. An OMS makes this
straightforward by combining inventory and order data in a
single location, and integrating with every other system that
you use.
As mentioned before, the purpose of a communication system
is to transmit intelligence signal from a source to a destination
at some point away from the source. Figure 1 is a block diagram
of a communication system. This system consists three basic
components: transmitter, channel, and receiver.
Que 6
What is Critical Data?
Critical data is data that organizations deem essential for
success, or data that must be retained for regulatory purposes.
Typical examples of critical data include:
  Customer data, especially personal information that is
covered by data-protection laws
 Employee data
 Data concerning vendors and business partners
 Operational data
 Financial data required for auditing purposes
 Any data that can be used for analytics purposes
How Do Organizations Define Critical Data?
In large organizations, there may not always be an agreement
between departments on what constitutes critical data. Some
data may only be critical from the perspective of a single team,
or even in relation to a single goal

To help focus on the most important information, many

organizations use a weighting system to define the criticality of
data. This system considers details such as:

Purpose of the data

Potential consequences if the data is lost or deleted
The number of internal stakeholders reliant on the data
Regulatory requirements for storing the data
The usefulness of the data for future projects