Altınbaş University

Faculty of Engineering and Architecture

Department of Basic Sciences- Exam Answer Sheet Q1 Q2 Q3 TOTAL

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Department Date: 02.12.2023 09.40

Course
MATH151-Calculus 1 MIDTERM
Code-Title
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the disciplinary offenses that require reprimand or suspension of one semester.
This exam will contribute to 40% of your total grade.

QUESTIONS
(Group-1) Question-1 (Short-Answer Questions): For each question write your
answer in the box provided. Final result is enough. (No points for explanations)

a) (10p) Find the slope of the curve 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 8 + 4𝑥 3 + 1 at the point P(1,6).

Slope: 20

b) (10p) Find the derivative of the function 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑠𝑖𝑛3 (√𝑥)

1
Derivative: 𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = 3. 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 (√𝑥). (cos √𝑥).
2√𝑥

𝑑𝑦
c) (10p) Find of the curve 𝑦 = 𝑥 2 + sin (𝜋 − 5𝑦).
𝑑𝑥

𝒅𝒚 𝟐𝒙
=
𝒅𝒙 𝟏+𝟓 𝒄𝒐𝒔(𝝅−𝟓𝒚)

(Group-2) Question-1 (Short-Answer Questions): For each question write your

answer in the box provided. Final result is enough. (No points for explanations)

a) (10p) Find the slope of the curve 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 7 + 5𝑥 2 + 1 at the point P(1,7).

Slope: 17

b) (10p) Find the derivative of the function 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑐𝑜𝑠 4 (√𝑥)

1
Derivative: 𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = 4. 𝑐𝑜𝑠 3 (√𝑥). (−sin √𝑥).
2 √𝑥

𝑑𝑦
c) (10p) Find of the curve 𝑦 = 𝑥 2 + cos (𝜋 − 3𝑦).
𝑑𝑥

𝒅𝒚 𝟐𝒙
=
𝒅𝒙 𝟏−𝟑 𝒔𝒊𝒏(𝝅−𝟑𝒚)
 Balloon
(Group 1 and 2) Question-2 (30p) A balloon is descending
vertically above a level, straight road at a constant rate 40ft
of 5 ft/ sec. Just when the balloon is 40 ft above the ground,
a bicycle moving at a constant rate of 20 ft/ sec passes under it.
How fast is the distance between the bicycle and the
balloon changing 2 sec later? Bicycle

Solution:
x =position of the balloon at time t
y=poition of the bicycle at time t
s= distance between the balloon and the bicycle at time t

When t=0, we have

x=40 ft, y=0 ft, s=40 ft.
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑦
= −5 ft/sec and = 20 ft/sec .
𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑡 Balloon
𝑑𝑠
When t=2, we want to find =?
𝑑𝑡
When t=2
𝑥 = 40 + 𝑉𝑡 = 40 + (−5). 2 = 40 − 10 = 30
𝑦 = 0 + 𝑉𝑡 = 0 + (20). 2 = 0 + 40 = 40 x s

The Equation that relates the variables:

𝑠2 = 𝑥 2 + 𝑦2
y
Bicycle
When t=2, we obtain
𝑠 2 = 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = (30)2 + (40)2 = 2500 . Thus 𝑠 = 50.

Differentiate the equation with respect to t:

𝑑𝑠 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑦
2𝑠. = 2𝑥. + 2𝑦.
𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑡
Substitute the variables;
𝑑𝑠 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑦
2(50). = 2(30). + 2(40).
𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑡
𝑑𝑠
(100). = (60). (−5) + (80). (20)
𝑑𝑡
𝑑𝑠
(100). = (−300) + (1600)
𝑑𝑡
𝑑𝑠
(100). = 1300
𝑑𝑡
𝑑𝑠
= 13
𝑑𝑡
 (Group-1) Ouestion-3 (40p)
𝑓(𝑥) = −2𝑥 3 + 6𝑥 2 − 3

(a) (5 p) Find the first and second derivatives of the given function.
(b) (10 p) Find the intervals on which f is increasing and the intervals on which f is
decreasing.
(c) (5 p) Identify where the local extrema of f occur.
(d) (10 p) Find where the graph of f is concave up and where it is concave down.
(e) (5 p) Determine points of inflection, if any.
(f) (5 p) Sketch the curve.

Solution:
a) The first derivative 𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = −6𝑥 2 + 12𝑥
The second derivative 𝑓 ′′ (𝑥) = −12𝑥 + 12

b) Critical points: 𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = 0 . Then we have −6𝑥 2 + 12𝑥 = 0

−6𝑥(𝑥 − 2) = 0 .Thus, the critical points are 𝑥1 = 0 and 𝑥2 = 2

0 2
−∞ < 𝑥 < 0 0<x<2 2<𝑥<∞
Sign of the f ’(x) − + −
Behavior of f decreasing increasing decreasing

f is decreasing on the intervals (−∞, 0) and (2, ∞).

f is increasing on the interval (0,2).
c) 0 2
−∞ < 𝑥 < 0 0<x<2 2<𝑥<∞
Sign of the f ’(x) − + −
Behavior of f decreasing increasing decreasing

Local maximum

Local minimum

f has a local minimum at 0 and the minimum value is 𝑓(0) = −3

f has a local maximum at 2 and the maximum value is 𝑓(2) = 5

d) Fort he concavity, we need the key points: 𝑓′′ (𝑥) = 0 . Then we have
−12𝑥 + 12 = 0 − 12(𝑥 − 1) = 0 .Thus, the point is 𝑥3 = 1.
1
−∞ < 𝑥 < 1 1<𝑥<∞
Sign of the f ’’(x) + −
Concavity of f Concave up Concave down

f is concave up on the interval (−∞, 1) and concave down on (1, ∞)

e) Since the concavity changes at 𝑥 = 1, this point is an inflection point. 𝑓(1) = 1

f) The graph;

(Group-2) Ouestion-3 (40p)

𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 3 − 3𝑥 + 3

(a) (5 p) Find the first and second derivatives of the given function.
(b) (10 p) Find the intervals on which f is increasing and the intervals on which f is
decreasing.
(c) (5 p) Identify where the local extrema of f occur.
(d) (10 p) Find where the graph of f is concave up and where it is concave down.
(e) (5 p) Determine points of inflection, if any.
(f) (5 p) Sketch the curve.

Solution:
a) The first derivative 𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = 3𝑥 2 − 3
The second derivative 𝑓 ′′ (𝑥) = 6𝑥

b) Critical points: 𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = 0 . Then we have 3𝑥 2 − 3 = 0

3(𝑥 + 1)(𝑥 − 1) = 0 .Thus, the critical points are 𝑥1 = −1 and 𝑥2 = 1

-1 1
−∞ < 𝑥 < −1 −1 < 𝑥 < 1 1<𝑥<∞
Sign of the f ’(x) + − +
Behavior of f increasing decreasing increasing

f is decreasing on the intervals (−1,1).

f is increasing on the intervals (−∞, −1) and (1, ∞).
c) -1 1
−∞ < 𝑥 < −1 −1 < 𝑥 < 1 1<𝑥<∞
Sign of the f ’(x) + − +
Behavior of f increasing decreasing İncreasing

Local maximum
Local minimum

f has a local minimum at 1 and the minimum value is 𝑓(1) = 1

f has a local maximum at −1 and the maximum value is 𝑓(−1) = 5

d) Fort he concavity, we need the key points: 𝑓′′ (𝑥) = 0 . Then we have
6𝑥 = 0 .Thus, the point is 𝑥3 = 0.
0
−∞ < 𝑥 < 0 0<𝑥<∞
Sign of the f ’’(x) − +
Concavity of f Concave down Concave up

f is concave down on the interval (−∞, 0) and concave up on (0, ∞)

e) Since the concavity changes at 𝑥 = 0, this point is an inflection point.

𝑓(0) = 3

f) The graph;