NCERT

EXEMPLAR

Probability
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 NCERT EXEMPLAR
Probability

Exercise 14.1
Q1. If an event cannot occur, then its probability is
3 1
(A) 1 (B) (C) (D) 0
4 2

2. Which of the following cannot be the probability of an event?

1 17
(A) (B) 0.1 (C) 3% (D)
3 16

3. An event is very unlikely to happen. Its probability is closest to

(A) 0.0001 (B) 0.001 (C) 0.01 (D) 0.1
4. If the probability of an event is p, the probability of its complementary event will
be
1
(A) 𝑝 – 1 (B) 𝑝 (C) 1 – 𝑝 (D) 1 −
𝑝

5. The probability expressed as a percentage of a particular occurrence can never be

(A) Less than 100 (B) less than 0
(C) Greater than 1 (D) anything but a whole number
6. If P(A) denotes the probability of an event A, then
(A) 𝑃(𝐴) < 0 (B) 𝑃(𝐴) > 1
(C) 0 ≤ 𝑃(𝐴) ≤ 1 (D) – 1 ≤ 𝑃(𝐴) ≤ 1
7. A card is selected from a deck of 52 cards. The probability of its being a red face
card is
3 3 2 1
(A) (B) (C) (D)
26 13 13 2

8. The probability that a non-leap year selected at random will contain 53 sundays is
1 2 3 5
(A) (B) (C) (D)
7 7 7 7

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9. When a die is thrown, the probability of getting an odd number less than 3 is
1 1 1
(A) (B) (C) (D) 0
6 3 2

10. A card is drawn from a deck of 52 cards. The event E is that card is not an ace of
hearts. The number of outcomes favourable to E is
(A) 4 (B) 13 (C) 48 (D) 51
11. The probability of getting a bad egg in a lot of 400 is 0.035. The number of bad
eggs in the lot is
(A) 7 (B) 14 (C) 21 (D) 28
12. A girl calculates that the probability of her winning the first prize in a lottery is
0.08. If 6000 tickets are sold, how many tickets has she bought?
(A) 40 (B) 240 (C) 480 (D) 750
13. One ticket is drawn at random from a bag containing tickets numbered 1 to 40.
The probability that the selected ticket has a number which is a multiple of 5 is
1 3 4 1
(A) (B) (C) (D)
5 5 5 3

14. Someone is asked to take a number from 1 to 100. The probability that it is a
prime is
1 6 1 13
(A) (B) (C) (D)
5 25 4 50

15. A school has five houses A, B, C, D and E. A class has 23 students, 4 from house A,
8 from house B, 5 from house C, 2 from house D and rest from house E. A single
student is selected at random to be the class monitor. The probability that the
selected student is not from A, B and C is
4 6 8 17
(A) (B) (C) (D)
23 23 23 23

Exercise 14.2
1. In a family having three children, there may be no girl, one girl, two girls or three
1
girls. So, the probability of each is Is this correct? Justify your answer.
4

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2. A game consists of spinning an arrow which comes to rest pointing at one of the
regions (1, 2 or 3) (Fig. 13.1). Are the outcomes 1, 2 and 3 equally likely to occur?
Give reasons.

3. Apoorv throws two dice once and computes the product of the numbers appearing
on the dice. Peehu throws one die and squares the number that appears on it. Who
has the better chance of getting the number 36? Why?
4. When we toss a coin, there are two possible outcomes - Head or Tail. Therefore,
1
the probability of each outcome is . Justify your answer.
2

5. A student says that if you throw a die, it will show up 1 or not 1. Therefore, the
1
probability of getting 1 and the probability of getting ‘not 1’ each is equal to . Is this
2
correct? Give reasons.
6. I toss three coins together. The possible outcomes are no heads, 1 head, 2 heads
1
and 3 heads. So, I say that probability of no heads is . What is wrong with this
4
conclusion?
7. If you toss a coin 6 times and it comes down heads on each occasion. Can you say
that the probability of getting a head is 1? Give reasons.
8. Sushma tosses a coin 3 times and gets tail each time. Do you think that the
outcome of next toss will be a tail? Give reasons.
9. If I toss a coin 3 times and get head each time, should I expect a tail to have a
higher chance in the 4th toss? Give reason in support of your answer.
10. A bag contains slips numbered from 1 to 100. If Fatima chooses a slip at random
from the bag, it will either be an odd number or an even number. Since this situation
1
has only two possible outcomes, so, the probability of each is . Justify.
2

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 Exercise 14.3
1. Two dice are thrown at the same time. Find the probability of getting
(i) Same number on both dice.
(ii) Different numbers on both dice.
2. Two dice are thrown simultaneously. What is the probability that the sum of the
numbers appearing on the dice is
(i) 7? (ii) a prime number? (iii) 1?
3. Two dice are thrown together. Find the probability that the product of the
numbers on the top of the dice is
(𝑖) 6 (𝑖𝑖) 12 (𝑖𝑖𝑖) 7
4. Two dice are thrown at the same time and the product of numbers appearing on
them is noted. Find the probability that the product is less than 9.
5. Two dice are numbered 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 1, 1, 2, 2, 3, 3, respectively. They are
thrown and the sum of the numbers on them is noted. Find the probability of getting
each sum from 2 to 9 separately.
6. A coin is tossed two times. Find the probability of getting at most one head.
7. A coin is tossed 3 times. List the possible outcomes. Find the probability of getting
(i) all heads (ii) at least 2 heads
8. Two dice are thrown at the same time. Determine the probability that the
difference of the numbers on the two dice is 2.
9. A bag contains 10 red, 5 blue and 7 green balls. A ball is drawn at random. Find the
probability of this ball being a
(i) red ball (ii) green ball (iii) not a blue ball
10. The king, queen and jack of clubs are removed from a deck of 52 playing cards
and then well shuffled. Now one card is drawn at random from the remaining cards.
Determine the probability that the card is (i) a heart (ii) a king
11. Refer to Q.10. What is the probability that the card is (i) a club (ii) 10 of hearts
12. All the jacks, queens and kings are removed from a deck of 52 playing cards. The
remaining cards are well shuffled and then one card is drawn at random. Giving ace a

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value 1 similar value for other cards, find the probability that the card has a value (i)
7 (ii) greater than 7 (iii) less than 7
13. An integer is chosen between 0 and 100. What is the probability that it is (i)
divisible by 7? (ii) not divisible by 7?
14. Cards with numbers 2 to 101 are placed in a box. A card is selected at random.
Find the probability that the card has (i) an even number (ii) a square number
15. A letter of English alphabets is chosen at random. Determine the probability that
the letter is a consonant.
16. There are 1000 sealed envelopes in a box, 10 of them contain a cash prize of Rs
100 each, 100 of them contain a cash prize of Rs 50 each and 200 of them contain a
cash prize of Rs 10 each and rest do not contain any cash prize. If they are well
shuffled and an envelope is picked up out, what is the probability that it contains no
cash prize?
17. Box A contains 25 slips of which 19 are marked Re 1 and other are marked Rs 5
each. Box B contains 50 slips of which 45 are marked Re 1 each and others are
marked Rs 13 each. Slips of both boxes are poured into a third box and reshuffled. A
slip is drawn at random. What is the probability that it is marked other than Re 1?
18. A carton of 24 bulbs contain 6 defective bulbs. One bulbs is drawn at random.
What is the probability that the bulb is not defective? If the bulb selected is defective
and it is not replaced and a second bulb is selected at random from the rest, what is
the probability that the second bulb is defective?
19. A child’s game has 8 triangles of which 3 are blue and rest are red, and 10 squares
of which 6 are blue and rest are red. One piece is lost at random. Find the probability
that it is a (i) triangle (ii) square (iii) square of blue colour (iv) triangle of red colour
20. In a game, the entry fee is Rs 5. The game consists of a tossing a coin 3 times. If
one or two heads show, Sweta gets her entry fee back. If she throws 3 heads, she
receives double the entry fees. Otherwise she will lose. For tossing a coin three
times, find the probability that she
(i) Loses the entry fee. (ii) Gets double entry fee. (iii) Just gets her entry fee.
21. A die has its six faces marked 0, 1, 1, 1, 6, 6. Two such dice are thrown together
and the total score is recorded.
(i) How many different scores are possible?

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(ii) What is the probability of getting a total of 7?
22. A lot consists of 48 mobile phones of which 42 are good, 3 have only minor
defects and 3 have major defects. Varnika will buy a phone if it is good but the trader
will only buy a mobile if it has no major defect. One phone is selected at random
from the lot. What is the probability that it is (i) acceptable to Varnika?
(ii) Acceptable to the trader?
23. A bag contains 24 balls of which x are red, 2x are white and 3x are blue. A ball is
selected at random. What is the probability that it is (i) not red? (ii) white?
24. At a fete, cards bearing numbers 1 to 1000, one number on one card, are put in a
box. Each player selects one card at random and that card is not replaced. If the
selected card has a perfect square greater than 500, the player wins a prize. What is
the probability that
(i) The first player wins a prize?
(ii) The second player wins a prize, if the first has won?

ANSWER’S
Exercise 14.1
1. D 2. D 3. A 4. C 5. B
6. C 7. A 8. A 9. A 10. D
11. B 12. C 13. A 14. C 15. B

Exercise 14.2
1. No, the outcomes are not equally likely. For example, outcome ‘one girl’ means
gbb, bgb, bbg ‘three girls’ means ggg and so on.
2. No, the outcomes are not equally likely. The outcome ‘3’ is more likely than the
others.
1
3. Peehu; probability of Apoorv’s getting 36 = while probability of Peehu’s getting
36
1 6
36 = =
6 36
1
4. Yes, the probability of each outcome is since the two outcomes are equally
2
likely.
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 1 5
5. No, outcomes ‘1’ and ‘not 1’ are not equally likely, 𝑃(1) = , 𝑃(𝑛𝑜𝑡 1) = ,
6 6
6. No, the outcomes are not equally likely. Outcome ‘no head’ means ‘TTT’; outcome
1 3
‘one head’ means THT, HTT, TTH and so on. P (TTT) = , P (one head) = and so on.
8 8
7. No, the outcomes ‘head’ and ‘tail’ are equally likely every time regardless of what
you get in a few tosses.
8. It could be a tail or head as both the outcomes are equally likely, in each toss.
9. No, head and tail are equally likely. So, no question of expecting a tail to have a
higher chance in the 4th toss.
10. Yes, the outcomes ‘odd number’, ‘even number’ are equally likely in the situation
considered

Exercise 13.3
1 5 1 5 1 1 4
1. (i) (ii) 2. (i) (ii) (iii) 0 3. (i) (ii) (iii) 0 4.
6 6 6 12 9 9 9

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
5. 𝑃(2) = 18 , 𝑃(3) = 9 , 𝑃(4) = 6 , 𝑃(5) = 6 , 𝑃(6) = 6 , 𝑃(7) = 6 , 𝑃(8) = 9 , 𝑃(9) = 18

3 1 1 2 5 7 17
6. 7. (i) (ii) 8. 9. (i) (ii) (iii)
4 8 2 9 11 22 22

13 3 10 1 1 3 3
10. (i) (ii) 11. (i) (ii) 12. (i) (ii) (iii)
49 49 49 49 10 10 5

14 85 1 9 21
13. (i) (ii) 14. (i) (ii) 15. 16. 0.69
99 99 2 100 26

11 3 5
17. 18. P (not defective)= , P (2nd bulb defective)=
75 4 23

4 5 1 5 1 1 3
19. (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) 20. (i) (ii) (iii)
9 9 3 18 8 8 4

1 7 15
21. (i) 5 scores (0,1,2,6,7,12) (ii) 22. (i) (ii)
3 8 16

5 1 8
23. (i) (ii) 24. (i) 0.009 (ii)
6 3 999

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If there is any doubt regarding to these Questions you can resolve by seeing this
video. Here is the link of the Video

https://youtu.be/LM23NsP78I4

Chapter-14 One shot Lecture:-

https://youtu.be/KNKtuGw4ZUw?si=j5uoE9BZaJijJmfc

Chapter-14 Super 30 Question’s:-

https://youtu.be/GOCk3mG8T6w?si=JsyFWa-2stlgIrR7

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