MUS ENGLISH MEDIUM HIGH SCHIOL

STD 10 Maths Total Marks : 80

FIRST TERM set- 2

Section A

* Choose the right answer from the given options. [1 Marks Each] [11]

1. The least perfect square number which is divisible 3, 4, 5, 6 and 8 is

(A) 900 (B) 1200 (C) 2500 (D) 3600

Ans. : 3600
2. _______ are the zeroes of quadratic polynomial x2 + 2x − 15
(A) 3 and 5 (B) −3and − 5 (C) 3and − 5 (D) −3and5

Ans. : 3and − 5

3. Sign of two zeroes is_______ of polynomial 2

x + 99x + 127

(A) positive (B) negative (C) equal (D) opposite

Ans. : negative
4. he following figure, the measurements of side of rectangular ABCD is given. Find
the values of x and y.

(A) x = 23, y = 17 (B) x = 12, y = 28 (C) x = 14, y = 30 (D) x = 10, y = 25

Ans. : x = 23, y = 17

5. The graph of pair of Linear equations in two variables 2x + 3y − 9 = 0 and

4x + 6y − 18 = 0 is .........
(A) Intersecting (B) Coinciding lines (C) Parallel lines (D) Perpendicular
lines lines
Ans. : Coinciding lines
6. The sum of first 16 terms of an AP 10, 6, 2, … is _______
(A) -320 (B) 320 (C) -352 (D) -400
Ans. : -320
7. One side of square is 10cm then the diagonal = _______
–
(A) 10 (B) 20 (C) 10√2 (D)
10

√2

–
Ans. : 10√2

8. △ABC ∼ △DF E. ∠A = 40
∘
, then ∠E + ∠F = _______

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 (A) 40 (B) 80 (C) 140 (D) 180
∘ ∘ ∘ ∘

Ans. :
∘
140

9. A(1, 2)B(2, 3)C(3, 4) are given points. Out of the following which is true ?
(A) (B) (C) C is a midpoint (D) A, B, C are not
AC + BC = AB AB + BC = AC
of
¯
¯¯¯¯¯¯¯
AB . collinear

Ans. : AB + BC = AC

10. Modal class of the following frequency distribution is _________

Class 0-20 20-40 40-60 60-80 80-100
Frequ
8 15 22 25 10
ency
(A) 0 − 20 (B) 20 − 40 (C) 40 − 60 (D) 60 − 80

Ans. : 60 − 80

11. For any data, Z + x̄ = 71 and Z − x̄ = 3 then using inter-relation between

mean, mode and median value of M =
(A) 31 (B) 38 (C) 35 (D) 34

Ans. : 35

* Fill in the blanks with correct alternative. [1 Marks Each] [6]

12. If HCF(12, 40) = 40 + 4X , then X = … … … . . (−9, 9, 6)

Ans. : -9
13. k
th
term of on AP 1, 5, 9, 13 is 45 then find the value of k= _________
(21, 11, 12)

Ans. : 12
14. All ________ triangles are similar. (isosceles, equilateral)

Ans. :
Given, △ ABC ∼ △ FEG ….(1)
(i) Corresponding angles of similar triangles
⇒ ∠BAC = ∠EFG ….(2)

And ∠ABC = ∠FEG …(3)

⇒ ∠ACB = ∠FGE
1 1
⇒ ∠ACB = ∠F GE
2 2

⇒ ∠ ACD = FGH and

∠ ∠ BCD = ∠ EGH ……(4)

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 Consider △ ACD and △ FGH
⇒ From (2) we have

⇒∠ DAC = ∠HFG
From (4) we have
⇒ ∠ACD = ∠EGH

Also, ∠ADC = ∠FGH

If the ∠A = ∠F , then by angle sum property of triangle 3rd angle will also be
equal.
By AAA similarity, in two triangles, if the angles are equal, then sides opposite to
the equal angles are in the same ratio (or proportional) and hence the triangles
are similar.
∴ △ ADC ∼ △ FHG

(ii) By Converse proportionality theorem

CD AC
⇒ =
GH FG

(iii) Consider △ DCB and △ HGE

From eq(3) we have
⇒ ∠DBC = ∠HEG

From (4) we have

⇒ ∠ BCD = ∠FGH
Also, ∠BDC = ∠EHG
∴ △ DCB ∼ △ HGE
Hence proved.
15. The distance of the point (5, 3) to -axis is __________
X (0, 3, 5)

Ans. : 3
16. Distance between A(7, 5) and B(2, 5) is _______ (2, 5, 7)

Ans. : 5
17. Probability of an event E + Probability of the event not E = ________.
Ans. : self-learning

* State whether the following sentences are True or False. [1 Marks Each] [4]
–
18. : 2 + √2 is an irrational number.
Ans. : true
19. Point (8, −2) is of ______ quadrant. (First, Third, Fourth)
Ans. : Fourth
20. 0 ≤ P (E) ≤ 1 (where E is an event)
Ans. : True
21. The probability is 1
to get 50 marks in 100 marks question paper.
2

Ans. : False

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* Answer the following questions in one sentence. [1 Marks Each] [3]
22. The graph of y = p(x) in a figure given below, for some polynomial p(x). Find the
number of zeroes of p(x).

Ans. : The number of zeroes is 4 as the graph given in the question intersects the
x-axis at 4 points.
23. The graph of y = p(x) in a figure given below, for some polynomial p(x). Find the
number of zeroes of p(x).

Ans. : There is no zero as the graph does not intersect the x-axis at any point.
24. For any data Median = 120 , Mean = 119 then find
Ans. : 122

Section B

* Given section consists of questions of 2 marks each. ( Write any 8 ) [18]

–
25. Prove that 7√5 is irrational.
–
Ans. : We can prove 7√5 irrational by contradiction.
–
Let us suppose that is rational.
7√5

It means we have some co-prime integers a and b (b≠ 0) such that

– a
7√5 =
b
– a
⇒ √5 =
7b
.......(1)
–
R.H.S of (1) is rational but we know that √5 is irrational.
It is not possible which means our supposition is wrong.
–
Therefore, 7√5 cannot be rational.
Hence, it is irrational.

Page 4
26. Find the HCF of 96 and 404 by prime factorisation method. Hence, find their
LCM.
Ans. : We have,
96 = 2
5
×3 and 404 = 2
2
× 101
2
∴ HCF = 2 = 4

Now, HCF × LCM = 96 × 404

96×404 96×404
⇒ LCM = = = 96 × 101 = 9696
HCF 4

27. Find the zeroes of quadratic polynomial t2 – 15 and verify the relationship
between the zeroes and their coefficients.
Ans. : We have quadratic polynomial as t2 – 15
−−
= t2 – (√15 )2
−− −−
= (t - √15 )(t + √15 ) [As, x2 - y2 = (x - y)(x + y)] The value of t2 − 15 is zero when
−− −−
(t - √15 ) = 0 or (t + √15 ) = 0,
−− −−
i.e., when t = √15 or t = -√15
−− −−
therefore, the zeroes of t2 − 15 are √15 and - √15 .
−− −− −(coefficient of t)
Sum of zeroes =
−0
√15 + (−√15 ) = 0 = =
2
1 coefficient of t
−− −−
Product of zeroes =
−15 constant term
(√15 )(−√15 ) = −15 = = 2
1 coefficient of t

Hence verified.
–
28. Find a quadratic polynomial, the sum and product of whose zeroes are √2,
1

respectively.
Ans. : Let the polynomial be ax2 + bx + c.
and its zeroes be α and β.
–
Then, α + β = √2 = −
b

a
and αβ =
1

3
=
a
c

–
If a = 3, then b = −3√2 and c = 1.
–
So, one quadratic polynomial which fits the given conditions is 3x
2
− 3√2x + 1 .
–
It is given that α + β = √2 and αβ =
1

Now, standard form of quadratic polynomial is given by x

2
− (α + β)x + αβ
2
= x − (α + β)x + αβ
2
– 1
= x − √2x +
3
1 2
–
= (3x − 3√2x + 1)
3
–
Hence the required quadratic polynomial is 2
3x − 3√2x + 1

29. Find the number of terms in AP: 7, 13, 19, …., 205
Ans. : 7, 13, 19, ...., 205
Here a = 7
d = 13 - 7 = 6
an = 205
Let the number of terms be n.

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 Then, an = 205
⇒ a + (n - 1)d = 205
⇒ 7 + (n - 1)6 = 205
⇒ 6(n - 1) = 205 - 7
⇒ 6(n - 1) = 198
198
⇒ n −1 =
6

⇒ n - 1= 33
⇒ n = 33 + 1
⇒ n = 34
Hence, the number of terms of the given AP is 34.
30. In the AP, ?, 13, ?, 3 find the missing terms?
Ans. : Let the first term and the common difference of
the given AP be a and d respectively.
Second term = 13
⇒ a + (2 - 1)d = 13

⇒ a + d = 13 ....... (1)

Fourth term = 3
⇒ a + (4 - 1) d = 3

⇒ a + 3d = 3 .......... (2)

Solving (1) and (2), we get

a = 18
d = -5
Therefore,
Third term = a + (3 - 1) d
= a + 2d
= 18 + 2(-5)
= 18 - 10
=8
Hence, the missing terms are 18 and 8.
31. Find a point on the y-axis which is equidistant from the points A(6, 5) and B (- 4,
3).
Ans. : We have to find a point on the y-axis which is equidistant from the points
A(6, 5) and B (- 4, 3). We know that a point on y-axis is of the form (0, y). So, let the
required point be P (0, y).
Then,
PA = PB
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−− −−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
2 2 2 2
⇒ √(0 − 6) + (y − 5) = √(0 + 4) + (y − 3)

⇒ 36 + (y - 5)2 = 16 + (y - 3)2
⇒ 36 + y2 - 10y + 25 = 16 + y2 - 6y + 9
⇒ 4y = 36

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 ⇒ y=9
So, the required point is (0, 9).
32. A student noted the number of cars passing through a spot on a road for 100
periods each of 3 minutes and summarized it in the table given below. Find the
mode of the data:
Number of cars 0-10 10-20 20-30 30-40 40-50 50-60 60-70 70-80
Frequency 7 14 13 12 20 11 15 8

Ans. : Here, the maximum class frequency is 20, and the class corresponding to
this frequency is 40-50. So, the modal class is 40-50.
Therefore h = 10, l = 40, f 1 = 20, f 0 = 12 , f 2 = 11
f −f
Mode = l + h = 40 +
20−12
[
1

2f1 − f0 −f2
0
]× [ ]× 10
2(20)− 12−11

80
= 40 + 17
= 40 + 4.7 = 44.7
Hence the mode of the data is 44.7 cars.
33. The marks distribution of 30 students in a mathematics examination. Find the
mode of this data. Also, compare and interpret the mode and the mean.
Class interval Number of students (f i) Classmark (xi) f ixi
10 - 25 2 17.5 35.0
25 - 40 3 32.5 97.5
40 - 55 7 47.5 332.5
55 - 70 6 62.5 375.0
70 - 85 6 77.5 465.0
85 - 100 6 92.5 555.0
Total ∑ fi
= 30 ∑ fi xi
= 1860.0
Ans. : Since the maximum number of students (i.e., 7) have got marks in the
interval 40 - 55, the modal class is 40 - 55
Therefore, the lower limit (l) of the modal class = 40
the class size ( h) = 15
the frequency (f 1) of modal class = 7
the frequency ( f 0) of the class preceding the modal class = 3
the frequency ( f 2) of the class succeeding in the modal class = 6
Now, using the formula:
f1 −f0
Mode = l +(
2f −f −f
) ×h
1 0 2

we get Mode =
7−3
40 + ( ) × 15 = 52
14−6−3

So, the mode mark is 52

∑ fi xi
Now x̄ =
∑ fi

1860.0
x̄ = = 62
30

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 So, the maximum number of students obtained 52 marks, while on average a
student obtained 62 marks.
34. The marks obtained by 30 students of Class X of a certain school in a
mathematics paper consisting of 100 marks are presented in the table given
below. Find the mean of the marks obtained by the students in mathematics
paper.
Marks obtained (xi) 10 20 36 40 50 56 60 70 72 80 88 92 95
Number of Students (f i) 1 1 3 4 3 2 4 4 1 1 2 3 1

Ans. : Recall that to find the mean marks, we require the product of each xi with
the corresponding frequency f i. So, let us put them in a column as shown in Table
given below:
Marks obtained (xi) Number of students (f i) f ixi
10 1 10
20 1 20
36 3 108
40 4 160
50 3 150
56 2 112
60 4 240
70 4 280
72 1 72
80 1 80
88 2 176
92 3 276
95 1 95
Total Σf i = 30 Σf ixi = 1779
Σfi xi
Now, x̄ = =
1779

30
= 59.3
Σfi

Therefore, the mean marks obtained by students in mathematics paper is 59.3

35. Suppose we throw a die once.
1. What is the probability of getting a number greater than 4?
2. What is the probability of getting a number less than or equal to 4?
Ans. :
1. Let E be the event that ‘getting a number greater than 4’.
The number of possible outcomes is six: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6, and the
outcomes favourable to E are 5 and 6.
Therefore, the number of outcomes favourable to E is 2.
so, P(E) = P(number greater than 4) = 2

6
=
1

2. Let F be the event that ‘getting a number less than or equal to 4’.
Number of possible outcomes = 6
Outcomes favourable to the event F are 1, 2, 3, 4.

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 so, the number of outcomes favourable to F is 4.
Therefore, P(F)
4 2
= =
6 3

36. Is the given statement correct or not correct?

If two coins are tossed simultaneously there are three possible outcomes- two
heads, two tails or one of each. Therefore, for each of these outcomes, the
probability is 1

3
.
Ans. : All possible outcomes = (H, H), (H, T), (T, H), (T, T)
Probability of an event =
Favourabe outcomes

Total outcomes

Probability (2 heads) = 1

Probability (2 tails) = 1

It is not correct.
If we want to get the probability of them we should categorize the outcomes like
this but they are not equally likely because one of each can result in two ways from
a head-on first coin and tail on second or from the tail on first and head on
second.
37. In the data mean x̄ = 20, Σ fidi = 100 and Σf i = 10 then find the assumed
mean (a) .
Ans. : 10

Section C

* Given section consists of questions of 3 marks each. ( Write any 6 ) [18]

–
38. Prove that √3 is irrational.
Ans. : Let us assume √3 be a rational, then as every rational can be represented in
the form p/q where q≠0 Let √3=p/q where p,q have no common factor. Now
squaring on both sides we get 3=p2/q2 ⟹ 3×q2=p2 Which means 3 divides p2
which implies 3 divides p Hence we can write p=3×k, where k is some constant.
This gives 3×q2=9×k2 q2=3×k2 Which means 3 divides q2 which implies 3 divides q.
3 divides p and q which means 3 is a common factor for p and q. And this is a
contradiction for our assumption that p and q have no common factor… Hence we
can say our assumption that √3 is rational is wrong… And therefore √3 is an
irrational…
39. Find the zeroes of quadratic polynomial 3x2 - x - 4 and verify the relationship
between the zeroes and their coefficients.
Ans. : The quadratic equation is given as: 3x2 – x – 4
(Now we will factorize 1 in such a way that the product of factors is equal to -12
and the sum is equal to 1)
= 3x2 - 4x + 3x - 4
= x(3x - 4) + 1(3x - 4)= (3x – 4 )(x + 1)

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 The value of 3x2 − x − 4 is zero when 3x − 4 = 0 or x + 1 = 0,
when x =
4

3
or x = −1

Therefore, the zeroes of 3x2 − x − 4 are 4

3
and -1
−(−1)
Sum of zeroes = 4 1 − coefficient of x
+ (−1) = = =
3 3 3 2
coefficient of x

Product of zeroes = 3 (−1)

4 −4 constant term
= = 2
3 coefficient of x

Hence verified.
40. Solve the pair of linear equations by substitution method: s – t = 3; s

3
+
t

2
= 6

Ans. : s - t = 3;
s t
+ = 6
3 2

The given pair of linear equations is :

s - t = 3...............(1)
s t

3
+
2
= 6 ..........(2)
From equation(1),
s = t + 3..............(3)
Substitute this value of s in equation(2), we get
t+3 t
+ = 6
3 2
2(t+3)+3t
⇒ = 6
6

⇒2(t + 3) + 3t = 36
⇒ 2t + 6 + 3t = 36

⇒ 5t + 6 = 36

⇒ 5t = 30
30
⇒ t = = 6
5

Substituting this value of t in equation (3), we get

s = 6 + 3= 9
therefore the solution is
s = 9, t = 6
Verification : Substituting s = 9 and t = 6, we find that both equation (1) and (2) are
satisfied as shown below:
s-t=9-6=3
s t 9 6
+ = + = 3 +3 = 6
3 2 3 2

This verifies the solution.

41. In an AP: a = 5, d = 3, an = 50, find n and Sn.

Ans. : Here, a = 5, d = 3, an = 50
We know that
an = a + (n – 1)d
⇒50 = 5 + (n - 1)3
⇒ (n – 1)3 = 50 - 5

⇒ (n - 1)3 = 45
45
⇒ n −1 =
3

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 ⇒ n - 1 = 15
⇒ n = 15 + 1

⇒ n = 16

Again, we know that

n
Sn = [2a + (n − 1)d]
2
16
⇒ Sn = [2(5) + (16 − 1)3]
2

⇒ Sn = 8[10 +45]
⇒ Sn = 8(55)
⇒ Sn = 440

42. In an AP: an = 4, d = 2, Sn = -14, find n and a.

Ans. : Here, an = 4
d=2
Sn = -14
We know that
an = a + (n - 1)d
⇒ 4 = a + (n - 1)d
⇒ 4 = a + 2n - 2
⇒ 4+ 2 = a + 2n
⇒ 6 = a + 2n
⇒ a + 2n = 6 ...... (1)
Again, we know that
n
Sn = [2a + (n − 1)d]
2
n
⇒ −14 = [2a + (n − 1)2]
2

⇒ -14 = n[a + (n - 1)]

⇒ -14 = n (a + n - 1)
⇒ -14 = n (6 - n - 1) .......From (1), (a + 2n = 6 ⇒ a + n = 6 - n)
⇒ -14 = n(-n + 5)
⇒ -14 = -n2 + 5n
⇒ n2 - 7n + 2n - 14 = 0
⇒ n(n - 7) + 2(n - 7) = 0
⇒ (n - 7) (n + 2) = 0
⇒ n - 7 = 0 or n + 2 = 0

⇒ n = 7 or n = -2

⇒ n = - 2 is in admissible as n, being the number of terms, is a natural number.

∴ n = 7

Putting n = 7 in equation (1), we get

a + 2(7) = 6
⇒ a + 14 = 6
⇒ a = 6 - 14
⇒ a = -8

Page 11
43. Show that the points A (1, 7), B (4, 2), C (-1, -1) and D (-4, 4) are the vertices of a
square.
Ans. : Let A(1, 7), B(4, 2), C(-1, -1) and D(-4, 4) be the given points. One way of
showing that ABCD is a square is to use the property that all its sides should be
equal both its diagonals should also be equal. Now,
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−− −−−−− −−
2 2
AB = √(1 − 4) + (7 − 2) = √9 + 25 = √34
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−− −−−−− −−
2 2
BC = √(4 + 1) + (2 + 1) = √25 + 9 = √34
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−− − −−−− −−
2 2
CD = √(−1 + 4) + (−1 − 4) = √9 + 25 = √34
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−− −−−−− −−
2 2
DA = √(1 + 4) + (7 − 4) = √25 + 9 = √34
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−− −−−−− −−
2 2
AC = √(1 + 1) + (7 + 1) = √4 + 64 = √68
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−− −−−−− −−
2 2
BD = √(4 + 4) + (2 − 4) = √64 + 4 = √68

Since, AB = BC = CD = DA and AC = BD, all the four sides of the quadrilateral ABCD
are equal and its diagonals AC and BD are also equal. Therefore, ABCD is a square.
44. A survey was conducted by a group of students as a part of their environmental
awareness programme, in which they collected the following data regarding the
number of plants in 20 houses in a locality. Find the mean number of plants per
house.
Number of plants 0-2 2-4 4-6 6-8 8-10 10-12 12-14

Number of houses 1 2 1 5 6 2 3
Which method did you use for finding the mean, and why?
Ans. :
Number of plants Number of houses(f i) Class mark (xi) f ixi
0-2 1 1 1
2-4 2 3 6
4-6 1 5 5
6-8 5 7 35
8-10 6 9 54
10-12 2 11 22
12-14 3 13 39
Total ∑ fi = 20 ∑ fi xi = 162

∑ fi xi

¯¯
∴ x̄ = ... Using direct method because numerical values of xi and f i are
∑ fi

small
162
= 20

= 8.1 plants

Page 12
 We have used direct method for finding the mean because numerical values of xi
and f i are small.

45. The distribution below gives the weights of 30 students of a class. Find the
median weight of the students.
Weight(in kg) Number of students
40-45 2
45-50 3
50-55 8
55-60 6
60-65 6
65-70 3
70-75 2

Ans. :
Weight Cumulative
Number of students
(in kg) frequency
40-45 2 2
45-50 3 5
50-55 8 13
55-60 6 19
60-65 6 25
65-70 3 28
70-75 2 30
Now, n = 30
So, n 30
= = 15
2 2

This observation lies in the class 55-60,

So, 55-60 is the median class.
Therefore,
l = 55
h=5
f=6
cf = 13
n
−cf
Median 2 15−13
∴ = l +( ) × h = 55 + ( ) ×5
f 6

10 5
= 55 + = 55 +
6 3

= 55 + 1.67 = 56.67
Hence, the median weight of the students is 56.67 kg.
46. Harpreet tosses two different coins simultaneously (say, one is of ₹ 1 and other
of ₹ 2). What is the probability that he gets at least one head?

Page 13
 Ans. : If we suppose , H for 'head' and T for 'tail'. When two coins are tossed
simultaneously, the possible outcomes are (H,H),(H,T),(T,H),(T,T), which are all
equally likely. Here (Rs.2). Similarly (H,T) means head up on the first coin (say on
Rs1) and head up on the second coin and so on.
The outcomes favourable to the event E, 'at least one head' are (H, H),(H, T) and (T,
H).
So, the number of outcomes favourable to E is 3.
Therefore, P(E) =
3

i.e, the probability that Harpreet gets at least one head is 3

4
.
Note you can also find P(E) as follows:
P(E) = 1 - P ( E ) = 1 - = P(no head) =
¯
¯¯¯ 1 3 ¯
¯¯¯ 1

4
= 4
(Since P (E )
4

47. Two dice, one blue and one grey are thrown at the same time. Write down all
the possible outcomes. What is the probability that the sum of the two numbers
appearing on the top of the dice is
i. 8?
ii. 13?
iii. less than or equal to 12?
Ans. : When the blue die shows ‘1’, the grey die could show any one of the
numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6. The same is true when the blue die shows ‘2’, ‘3’, ‘4’, ‘5’ or
‘6’. The possible outcomes of the experiment are listed in the table below; the first
number in each ordered pair is the number appearing on the blue die and the
second number is that on the grey die.

So, the number of possible outcomes = 6 × 6 = 36.

i. The outcomes favourable to the event ‘the sum of the two numbers is 8’
denoted by E, are: (2, 6), (3, 5), (4, 4), (5, 3), (6, 2) (see Fig.)
i.e., the number of outcomes favourable to E = 5.
Hence, P(E) = 36
5

ii. As you can see from Fig., there is no outcome favourable to the event F,
‘the sum of two numbers is 13’.
So, P (F )
0
= = 0
36

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 iii. As you can see from Fig., all the outcomes are favourable to the event G,
‘sum of two numbers ≤ 12’.
So, P(G) =
36
= 1
36

Section D

* Given section consists of questions of 4 marks each. ( Write any 2 ) [20]

48. Draw the graphs of the equations x – y + 1 = 0 and 3x + 2y – 12 = 0. Determine

the coordinates of the vertices of the triangle formed by these lines and the x-
axis, and shade the triangular region.
Ans. : The given equations are
x - y + 1 = 0 ...(1)
3x + 2y - 12 = 0 ...(2)
Let us draw the graphs of equations (1) and (2) by finding two solutions for each
of these equations. These two solutions of these equations (1) and (2) are given
below in table 1 and table 2 respectively.
For equation (1) x - y + 1 = 0
⇒ y=x+1
Table 1 of solutions
x 0 -1

y 1 0

For equation (2) 3x + 2y - 12 = 0

12−3x
⇒ y =
2

Table 2 of solutions
x 4 0

y 0 6
We plot the points A(0, 1) and B(-1, 0) on a graph paper and join these points to
form the line AB representing the equation (1) as shown in the figure. Also, we plot
the points C(4, 0) and D(0, 6) on the same graph paper and join these points to
form the line CD representing the equation (2) and shown in the same figure.
In the figure, we observe that the coordinates of the vertices of the triangle
formed by these given lines and the x-axis are E(2, 3 ), B(-1, 0) and C(4, 0)

Page 15
 The triangular region EBC has been shaded and the area of triangular region EBC
1 15
= 2
(5)(3) =
2

49. In the given figure, the line segment XY is parallel to side AC of △ ABC and it
divides the triangle into two parts of equal areas. Find the ratio AX

AB
.

Ans. : Since XY ∥ AC
​​ ​BXY = ∠
∴ ∠ ​ ​BAC
∠​BYX = ∠
​ BCA​[Corresponding angles]
​ ​BXY ≅
∴​△ ​ ​△ BAC [AA similarity]
ar(△BXY ) 2
BX
∴ ​​ ar(△BAC)
= 2
BA

But ar(​△ ​BXY)=ar(XYCA)

∴​2(​△ ​BXY)=ar( △ BXY)+ar(XYCA)

= ar(△ BAC)
ar(△BXY )
1
∴ =
ar(△BAC) 2
2
BX 1
∴ 2
=
2
BA
BX 1
⇒ ∴ ​ BA
=
√2

BA−BX √2−1
∴ ​ BA
=
√2

AX √2−1 2−√2
⇒ ​AB = =
2
√2

50. If a line is drawn parallel to one side of a triangle to intersect the other two
sides in distinct points, the other two sides are divided in the same ratio.

Ans. :
Proof: We are given a triangle ABC in which a line parallel to side BC intersects
other two sides AB and AC at D and E respectively (see Fig. 6.10).
We need to prove that
AD AE

DB
=
EC
.
Let us join BE and CD and then draw DM ⊥ AC and EN ⊥ AB .
Now, area of △ADE (=
1

2
base × height )=
1

2
AD × EN .
Recall from Class IX, that area of △ADE is denoted as ar(ADE) .

Page 16
 So,
1
ar(ADE) = AD × EN
2

Similarly,
1
ar(BDE) = DB × EN ,
2

1 1
ar(ADE) = AE × DM and ar(DEC) = EC × DM .
2 2

Therefore,
1

ar(ADE) AD×EN
2 AD
= =
1
ar(BDE) DB×EN DB
2

and
1

ar(ADE) AE×DM
2 AE
= =
1
ar(DEC) EC×DM EC
2

Note that △BDE and DEC are on the same base DE and between the same
parallels BC and DE .
So,
ar(BDE) = ar(DEC)

Therefore, from (1), (2) and (3), we have :

AD AE
=
DB EC

Is the converse of this theorem also true (For the meaning of converse, see
Appendix 1)? To examine this, let us perform the following activity:
51. The following data gives the distribution of total monthly household
expenditure of 200 families of a village. Find the modal monthly expenditure of
the families. Also, find the mean monthly expenditure:
Expenditure (in ₹) Frequency
1000-1500 24
1500-2000 40
2000-2500 33
2500-3000 28
3000-3500 30
3500-4000 22
4000-4500 16
4500-5000 7

Ans. : We may observe from the given data that maximum class frequency is 40
belonging to 1500 - 2000 interval.
Class size (h) = 500
f−f1
Mode = l + 2f−f −f
× h
1 2

Lower limit (l)of modal class = 1500

Frequency (f) of modal class = 40
Frequency (f 1) of class preceding modal class = 24

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 Frequency (f 2) of class succeeding modal class = 33
mode = 1500 +
40−24

2×40−24−33
× 500
16
= 1500 + 80−57 × 500

= 1500 + 347.826
= 1847.826 ≈ 1847.83
Expenditure Number of families
xi di = xi - 2750 ui uif i
(in ₹.) fi
1000-1500 24 1250 -1500 -3 -72
1500-2000 40 1750 -1000 -2 -80
2000-2500 33 2250 -500 -1 -33
2500-3000 28 2750=a 0 0 0
3000-3500 30 3250 500 1 30
3500-4000 22 3750 1000 2 44
4000-4500 16 4250 1500 3 48
4500-5000 7 4750 2000 4 28
Σfi = 200 Σfi di = - 35
Σfi di
Mean ¯¯
¯
x = a +
Σfi
× h
−35
¯¯
¯
x = 2750 + 200
× 500
¯¯
x̄ = 2750 - 87.5
¯¯
x̄ = 2662.5
52. If the median of the distribution given below is 28.5, then find the values of
x and y.
Class Interval frequency
0-10 5
10-20 x
20-30 20
30-40 15
40-50 y
50-60 5
Total 60

Ans. :
Monthly Consumption Number of consumers (fi ) Cumulative Frequency
0-10 5 5
10-20 x 5+x
20-30 20 25 + x
30-40 15 40 + x
 Monthly Consumption Number of consumers (fi ) Cumulative Frequency
40-50 y 40 + x + y
50-60 5 45 + x + y
Total ∑ fi = n = 60

Here, ∑ fi = n = 60 , then n

2
=
60

2
= 30 , also, median of the distribution is 28.5,
which lies in interval 20 – 30.
∴ Median class = 20 – 30

So, l = 20, n = 60, f = 20, cf = 5 + x and h = 10

∵ 45 + x + y = 60

⇒ x + y = 15 ………...........(i)
n
−cf
Now, Median = l +[
2

f
] ×h

30−(5+x)
⇒ 28.5 = 20 + [ ] × 10
20

30−5−x
⇒ 28.5 = 20 +
2
40+25−x
⇒ 28.5 =
2

⇒ 57.0 = 65 − x

⇒ x = 65 − 57 = 8

⇒ x=8
Putting the value of x in eq. (i), we get,
8 + y = 15
⇒ y = 7

Hence the value of x and y are 8 and 7 respectively.

53. A spiral is made up of successive semicircles, with centres alternately at A and B,
starting with centre at A, of radii 0.5 cm, 1.0 cm, 1.5 cm, 2.0 cm, ... as shown in
Figure. What is the total length of such a spiral made up of thirteen consecutive
semicircles? (T ake π =
22

7
)

[Hint: Length of successive semicircles is l1, l2, l3, l4, ... with centres at A, B, A, B,
... respectively.]

Ans. : According to question we are given that a spiral is made up of successive

semi-circles, with centres alternately at A and B, starting with centre at A, of radii
0.5 cm, 1.0 cm, 1.5 cm, 2.0 cm, ....as shown in Fig. Let l1, l2, l3, l4,..l13 be the lengths
(circumferences) of semi-circles of radii r1= 0.5 cm, r2 =1.0 cm, r3 = 1.5 cm, r4 = 2.0
cm, r5 = 2.5 cm,... respectively.
 Now, Semi-perimeter of circle = π⋅ r

Therefore,
π
l1 = πr1 = π × 0.5 = cm
2
π
l2 = πr2 = π × 1 = 2 ( ) cm
2
3 π
l3 = πr3 = π × = 3( ) cm
2 2
π
l4 = πr4 = π × 2 = 4 ( ) cm
2

and
13 π
l13 = πr13 = π × cm = 13 ( ) cm
2 2

Therefore total length of the spiral = l1 + l2 + l3 +...+ l13

π π π π
= { + 2( ) + 3( ) + ⋯ + 13 ( )}
2 2 2 2
π
= (1 + 2 + 3 + ⋯ + 13)
2
π 13 n
= × (1 + 13) [ Using Sn = (a + l)]
2 2 2
π 13 1 22
=
2
×
2
× 14 = 2
×
7
× 13 × 7 = 143cm

which is required length of the spiral made up of thirteen consecutive semi-circles.

54. Name the type of quadrilateral formed, if any, by the points (-3, 5), (3, 1), (0, 3), (-1,
-4), and give a reason for your answer.
Ans. : (-3, 5), (3, 1), (0, 3), (-1, -4)
Let A → (-3, 5), B → (3, 1), C → (0, 3) and D → (-1, -4)
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−− −−−−−−−−−−

Then, AB
2 2 2 2
= √(3 − (−3)) + (1 − 5) = √(6) + (−4)
−−−−−− −− −−
= √36 + 16 = √52 = 2√13
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
2 2 −−−− −−
BC = √(0 − 3) + (3 − 1) = √9 + 4 = √13
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
2 2 −−−−− −−
CD = √(−1 − 0) + (−4 − 3) = √1 + 49 = √50
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
2 −−−−− −−
2
DA = √[(−3) − (−1)] + [5 − (−4)] = √4 + 81 = √85
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
2 2 −−
AC = √[0 − (−3)] + (3 − 5) = √13
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
2 2 −−
BD = √(−1 − 3) + (−4 − 1) = √41

We see that BC + AC = AB
Hence, the points A, B and C are collinear.
So, ABCD is not a quadrilateral.
55. A game of chance consists of spinning an arrow which comes to rest pointing at
one of the numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 (see figure) and these are equally likely
outcomes. What is the probability that it will point at:

i. 8?
ii. an odd number?
iii. a number greater than 2?
iv. a number less than 9?

Ans. : Out of 8 numbers, an arrow can point any of the numbers in 8 ways.
∴Total number of outcomes = 8
Number of favourble outcomes
P roabibilty of the event =
T otal number of possible outcomes

i. Favourable number of outcomes = 1

Hence, P (arrow points at 8) = 1

ii. Favourable number of outcomes = 4

Hence, P (arrow points at an odd number) = 4

8
=
1

iii. Favourable number of outcomes = 6

Hence, P (arrow points at a number greater than 2) =
6 3
=
8 4

iv. Favourable number of outcomes = 8

Hence, P (arrow points at a number less than 9) =
8
= 1
8

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