CHAPTER 16

ALTERNATING CURRENT
MCQs
1. The main reason for world wide use of AC is:
(a) It can be transmitted to long distance (b) At low cost of transmission
(c) Both a and b (d) None of these
2. The graph between voltage and time is known as _________ of alternating voltage:
(a) Distance (b) Work (c) Waveform (d) Acceleration
3. The graph of output voltage of an AC generator is:
(a) Straight line (b) Sine wave
(c) Cosine wave (d) Horizontal straight line
4. If frequency of rotating coil on an AC generator is f Hz then frequency of emf produced:
(a) 50 Hz (b) 60 Hz (c) f Hz (d) None of these
5. The instantaneous voltage of an AC generator is:
2 t
(a) V  Vo sin  t (b) V  Vo sin 2 ft (c) V  Vo sin (d) All of these
T
6. Average value of current and voltage over a cycle is:
(a) 2I o (b) 2Vo (c) Zero (d) None of these
7. Root mean square value of current is:
I I
(a) I rms  o (b) I rms  o (c) I rms  2 I o (d) I rms  0.808Io
3 2
8. In fig. Phase at B is:

 3
(a) (b)  (c) (d) 2
2 2
9. The basic circuit element in a DC circuit is:
(a) Capacitor (b) Transistor (c) Resistor (d) Inductor
10. The basic circuit element in a AC circuit is:
(a) Resistor (b) Capacitor (c) Inductor (d) All of these
11. When AC pass through a resistor, phase difference:
(a) 90 (b) 180 (c) 0 (d) 45
12. When voltage and current are in phase then power dissipated is:
(a) VI (b) I 2 R (c) V2 / R (d) All of these
13. For q-t graph, slope shows:
(a) Current (b) Voltage (c) EMF (d) None of these
14. For AC through a capacitor q and V are:
 
(a) In phase (b) Out of phase (c) q lags V by (d) q leads V by
2 2
15. Slope of a horizontal line is:
(a) Zero (b) Infinite (c) Maximum (d) None of these
16. For AC through a capacitor, current __________ voltage:
  1 L
(a) Lags by (b) Leads by (c) tan 1 (d) tan 1
2 2 CR R
17. Which switch S is closed bulb is:
(a) On (b) Off
(c) Both a, b (d) turned on and then remains off
18. The opposition offered by the capacitor to flow of AC is called:
(a) Resistance (b) Reactance (c) Capacitive reactance (d) All of these
19. Capacitive reactance Xc = :
1 1
(a) (b) (c) R (d) Both a and b
wc 2 fC
20. When AC pass through a capacitor, its vector or phasor diagram is:

(a) (b) (c) (d)

21. Reactance of coil is directly proportional to:
(a) Frequency of AC f (b) Inductance L (c) Both a, b (d) None of these
22. When AC pass through an inductor applied voltage V must be equal to:
I q I
(a) (b) (c) L (d) None of these
t t t
23. When AC pass through an inductor voltage leads the current by:
(a) Half cycle (b) Quarter cycle (c) Full cycle (d) None of these
24. The time constant of LR circuit is:
R L
(a) (b) (c) RL (d) All
L R
25. In case of inductor, in third quarter power is:
(a) Positive (b) Negative (c) Both a and b (d) None of these
26. Since an inductor does not consume energy, coil is used for controlling AC such a coil is called:
(a) Resistor (b) Choke (c) Starter (d) None of these
27. When 10V are applied to an AC circuit flowing in it is 100 mA. Its impendence is:
(a) 100 (b) 200 (c) 10 (d) 300
28. In a R-C series circuit, impendence is:
1 2
(a) R 2  ( X c )2 (b) R 2  ( ) (c) R 2  X L2 (d) Both a,b
WC
29. In a R-C series circuit, current ------ applied voltage by  =:
1  1 
(a) Lead, tan 1 (b) Lead, (c) tan 1 (d) Lags,
cR 2 WCR 2
30. In a R-L series circuit, impedance is:
(a) R 2  ( L) 2 (b) R 2  ( X c )2 (c) Both a, b (d) None of these
31. In a R-L series circuit, current _________ applied voltage by  =:
 
(a) Lags, (b) Leads,
2 2
L L
(c) leads, tan 1 ( ) (d) lags, tan 1 ( )
R R
32. When V and I are not in phase, the power is:
V2
(a) VI (b) VI cos (c) I 2 R (d)
R
33. When AC pass through a resistor, power factor is:
(a) 1 (b) Zero (c) VI (d) None of these
34. When an AC pass through an inductor, power factor is:
(a) Zero (b) One (c) VI cos (d) None of these
35. Series resonance circuit is also called:
(a) R-L C series circuit (b) Accepter circuit (c) Both a and b (d) None of these
36. With R as reference, X L and X C are in:
(a) Same direction (b) Opposite direction
(c) Perpendicular to one another (d) None of these
37. The resonance frequency is:
1 1 0.159
(a) (b) (c) (d) None of these
2 2LC 4 LC LC
38. At resonance, impedance of a series resonance circuit is _________ and it is equal to:
(a) Maximum, R (b) Minimum, R (c) Zero (d) None of these
39. Parallel resonance circuit is also called:
(a) L-C parallel (b) Tank (c) Rejector (d) All of these
40. At resonance impedance of a Parallel resonance circuit is:
(a) Maximum, L/Cr (b) Minimum, L/Cr (c) Zero (d) None of these
41. For L-C parallel circuit, power factor is:
(a) Zero (b) One (c) Two (d) Three
42. A 100 F capacitor with 12V source in series having frequency 50Hz, will offer a reactance of:
(a) 60 (b) 90 (c) 32 (d) 42
43. If a glass plate is placed between plates of a capacitor, in series with a lighted bulb, the brightness of
the bulb:
(a) Remains same (b) Decreases (c) Increases (d) Bulb turns off
44. In a R-L-C series circuit, effective value of applied voltage is:
(a) V  VR  VL  VC (b) V 2  VR2  VL2VC2
(c) V 2  VR2  (VLC )2 (d) V 2  VR2  VC2
45. In a R-L-C series circuit, impedance is:
V
(a) Z  (b) Z  R2  X L2
I
(c) Z  R2  X L2  X c2 (d) Z  R2  ( X L  X C )2
46. In a three phase AC generator phase difference between each pair of coil is:
(a) 45 (b) 90 (c) 120 (d) 180
47. Three phase supply also provides:
(a) 230V (b) 460V (c) 400V (d) None of these
48. Main advantage of having a three phase AC supply is that load is divided into ____ parts:
(a) 2 (b) 4 (c) 3 (d) None of these
49. In a three phase meter, no. of wires entering the metre are:
(a) 6 (b) 4 (c) 2 (d) 3
50. In a metal detector the concept of _______ is used:
(a) Doppler effect (b) Beats
(c) Both a, b (d) Photoelectric effect
51. The electromagnetic spectrum contains:
(a) Radio waves (b) X-ray (c) Microwaves (d) All of these
52. Who proved that light waves are electromagnetic:
(a) Faraday (b) Einstein (c) Maxwell (d) Enderson
53. Electromagnetic wave is generated when:
(a) Charge is at rest (b) Charge moving with constant velocity
(c) When charges are accelerated (d) All of these
54. Receiving antenna contains a variable:
(a) Capacitor (b) Inductor (c) Resistor (d) None of these
55. Formula to prove speed of electromagnetic wave is equal to speed of light is:
S 1 o
(a) V  (b) (c) (d) o o
t o o o
56. In LC parallel circuit, phase difference between I c and I L is:
(a) 0 (b) 90 (c) 180 (d) 270
57. The process of combining low frequency signal with a high frequency radio wave is called:
(a) Damping (b) Doping (c) Modulation (d) All of these
58. Modulation is done in a:
(a) Transistor (b) Transmitter (c) Thermistor (d) None of these
59. Amplitude modulation is used in ______ wave broad casting:
(a) Medium (b) Short (c) Long (d) All of these
60. _______ provide a higher quality transmission of sound:
(a) FM (b) AM (c) Both (d) None of these
61. Electromagnetic waves emitted from antenna are:
(a) Stationary (b) Longitudinal (c) Transverse (d) All of these
62. A capacitor of capacitance 30 F is charged by constant current of 10mA. If initially capacitor is
uncharged, what is time taken for potential difference capacitor to reach 300V:
(a) 0.9 sec (b) 15 sec (c) 1.5 105 s (d) 0.9 103 s
63. A transmitter at a wavelength of 300m. A condenser of 2.4 F is being used. The value of inductance
for resonant circuit is nearly:
(a) 104 H (b) 106 H (c) 1010 H (d) 108 H
64. A generator produces a voltage of 240 sin120tV . The frequency and rms voltage are:
(a) 19Hz,170V (b) 40Hz, 240V (c) 60 Hz, 2240V (d) All
65. A voltmeter reads 80V, when connected across the terminals of a sinusoidal power source with f =
1000Hz. The equation for instantaneous voltage is:
(a) 113sin 2000 t (b) 80sin 2000 t
(c) 80sin1000 t (d) 80 3 sin 2000 t
66. In an AC circuit power is consumed only in:
(a) Resistor (b) Inductor (c) Capacitor (d) Both b, c
67. A coil and an electric bulb are connected in series with an A.C source. On introducing a soft iron bar in
the coil, the intensity of light of bulb will:
(a) Decrease (b) Increase (c) Unchanged (d) Fluctuate
68. An inductance of 2H is connected in a D.C circuit. Value of inductive:
(a) 2 (b) 100 (c) 440 (d) Zero
69. The frequency of alternating e.m.f applied to a pure resistance of 8 is doubled. Now resistance will:
(a) 4 (b) 8 (c) 12 (d) 16
70. A 10 electric heater is connected to a 200V, 50Hz main supply. What is peak value of potential
difference across heater:
200
(a) 200V (b) 200 2V (c) V (d) 110V
2
71. The value of R/Z is equal to:
(a) Cos θ (b) Sin θ (c) tan θ (d) None of these
72. In an LCR series A.C. circuit, the voltage across each of L, C and R is 50v. the voltage across LC
combination:
(a) 100V (b) 50 2V (c) 50V (d) Zero
 
73. In V=100 sin (100t) volt and I=100 sin 100t   mA. Power is:
 3
4
(a) 10 W (b) 10W (c) 2.5W (d) 5W
74. The rate of heating of 10A AC is same as rate of heating of DC of
10
(a) 10 2A (b) 10A (c) A (d) 5A
2
200 1
75. An AC source is of volt, 50Hz. The value of voltage after sec. from start is
2 600
200
(a) 200V (b) V (c) 100 V (d) 50V
2
SHORT QUESTIONS
1. Why we prefer A.C. over D.C.
2. Define alternating current.
3. Define and explain root mean square (rms) value of A.C.
4. Define phase of A.C.
5. Define impedance.
6. What is choke.
7. Define modulation. Write its types.
8. A sinusoidal current has rms value of 10A. What is the maximum or peak value?
9. How many times per second will an incandescent lamp reach maximum brilliance when connected
to a 50 Hz source?
10. How does doubling the frequency affect the reactance of (a) an inductor (b) a capacitor?
11. In a R – L circuit, will the current lag or lead the voltage? Illustrate your answer by a vector diagram.
12. Explain the conditions under which electromagnetic waves are produced from a source?
13. How the reception of a particular radio station is selected on your radio set?
14. Explain phase laga and phase lead.
15. What is phasor.
16. Power in A.C. circuit show that P  VI cos 
R
17. Show that in A.C. circuits power factor =
Z
18. When 10V are applied to an A.C. circuit the current flowing in it is 100 mA. Find its impedance.
19. At what frequency will an inductor of 1.0 H have a reactance of 500 ohm.
20. For RLC series circuit, show that at resonance Z = R.
21. Find capacitance required to construct a resonance circuit of frequency 1000 KHz with an inductor
of 5 mH.
22. How we will get 400V by combining two phases of three phase A.C. supply?
23. In case of A.C. through capacitor, explain no power dissipation.
LONG QUESTIONS
1. Explain A.C through a capacitor.
2. Calculate impedance of R.C. series circuit. Also give its phase difference.
3. Explain parallel resonance circuit.
PROBLEMS
1. Find the value of the current and inductive reactance when A.C. voltage of 220 V at 50 Hz is passed
through an inductor of 10H.
2. A circuit has an inductance of 1/π H and resistance of 2000 Ω. A 50 Hz A.C. is supplied to it.
Calculate the resistance and impedance offered by the circuit.
3. Find the value of the current flowing through a capacitance 0.5 μF when connected to a source of
150 V at 20 Hz.
4. An alternating source of emf 12 V and frequency 50 Hz is applied to a capacitor of capacitance 3 μF
in series with a resistor of resistance 1 K Ω. Calculate the phase angle.
5. What is the resonant frequency of a circuit which include a coil of inductance of 2.5 H and a
capacitance 40 μF?
180
6. A 10 mH, 20 ohm coil is connected across 240V and Hz source. How much power does it

dissipate?