TLE/ICT 9

Third Quarter
Lesson 4
Faith Over Fear – The Yulee News

Word Family With Fun And Happy Children ...

 JavaScript Variables
• The purpose of variables are to store information
so that they can be used anytime by the program.
• It is a good practice to make it clear when a
variable is being used for the first time in the
program
• In JavaScript, variables are container that contains
a value, which can change as required.
 JavaScript Variables
• A variable is a symbolic representation denoting a
quantity or expression.
• In mathematics, a variable often represents an
“unknown” quantity that has the potential to
change.
• In computer science, a variable represents a place
where a quantity can be stored. It has a value that
has the property of being associated with another
value.
 JavaScript Variables

• In JavaScript, variables are container that contains

a value, which can change as required.

Example: var VariableName=value;

 Data Types
Here are some of the data types that a JavaScript
variable may contain.
• Character – any single character or symbol such as
x, ‘@’, ‘y’ etc.
• String – a series of combination of characters like
“somevariable” or “64kgold”
• Integer – number of the set Z={…,-2,-1,0,1,2,…}
• Float (or double) – any decimal number like 97.1 or
-97.1
 Data Types
Here are some of the data types that a JavaScript
variable may contain.
• Boolean – truth values. This can either be TRUE or
FALSE.
• Function – set of instructions or arguments.
• Object – items that exist in the browser that one
can manipulate.
• Array – a type of object that contains a set of
values that can be mapped into keys.
 Data Types
Here are some of the data types that a JavaScript
variable may contain.
• Undefined – a variable that has not been given a
value yet.
• Null – a variable that has been defined but has been
assigned the value of null.

Note: It is important to note that types in JavaScript need not be

declared and they may interchange as necessary. This means that
if a variable is a string at one minute, it can be an integer the next.
 Declaring Variables
Variables are declared with a var statement. It is
always good practice to pre-define your variables
using var. If you declare a variable inside a function,
it can be accessed anywhere within the function.
 Declaring Variables
The example below illustrates how to declare a
variable:

// declaring one variable

var firstname;
// declaring several variables
var firstname, lastname;
// declaring one variable and assigning a value
var firstname=“Jocelyn”;
// declaring several variables and assigning a value
var firstname=“Juan”, lastname=“Delacruz”;
 Declaring Variables
JavaScript is fairly lenient, and will create a variable
anyway if you do not use the var keyword to declare a
variable. However, this can lead to problems in your
code. Hence, it is always good to use var.

It is also important to note that variables declared

outside any function, or used without being declared
with ‘var’ are global and can be used by the entire
program.
 Declaring Variables without Var Command
In JavaScript, however, the user can also declare
variables implicitly by using the assignment operator
to assign a value to the new variable.

Example: year=1995;
This declares a variable called year and assigns the
integer value 1995 to this variable.
 Lifetime of a Variable

When declaring a variable within a function, the

variable can only be accessed within a particular
function. When the function exits, the variable is
destroyed. These variables are called local variables.
Local variables can have similar name in different
functions, because each is recognized only by the
function in which it is declared.
 Lifetime of a Variable

When declaring a variable within a function, the

variable can only be accessed within a particular
function. When the function exits, the variable is
destroyed. These variables are called local variables.
Local variables can have similar name in different
functions, because each is recognized only by the
function in which it is declared.
Example
 What is an Operator?

• Normally, you’d use operators in programming to

build an expression just as how you build a
mathematical expression in your algebra class.
• You use an operator to evaluate (or to operate on)
one or more values and then return a value
resulting from whatever evaluation or operation it
did on the values(s).
• An expression is anything that has a value.
Expressions are important building blocks of
JavaScript because you use a lot of these in many
of the applications you write in JavaScript.
• One very easy way to understand the concepts of
operators in JavaScript is to relate it with the
operators in your mathematics class.
 Math/Arithmetic Operators
Arithmetic operators in JavaScript are similar to the
arithmetic operators in Mathematics, they work
exactly in the same manner. Below is a part of the
refresher:
Operator Name Example Result
+ Addition myVariable=3+4 myVariable=7
- Subtraction myVariable=15-7 myVariable=8
* Multiplication myVariable=3*5 myVariable=15
/ Division myVariable=20/4 myVariable=5
 Math/Arithmetic Operators

Operator Name Example Result

% Modulus myVariable=24%10 myVariable=4

- Negation myVariable=-10 myVariable=-10

++ Increment
See example under While statement
(Controls and Loops)
-- Decrement
• All operators seem familiar except perhaps the
modulus, increment and decrement operations.
• The increment operator ++ simply adds one to the
value of your variable while the decrement subtracts
one. These operators are normally used within a loop
or control structure, which will be discussed later.
• Modulus is simply the remainder of a division
operation.
Try this example in your text editor then open in
your browser then show the browser output:
 Assignment Operators
• Assignment operators, except for the “=“ operator,
which only assigns value, are used to both assign
and perform math operators. It is some sort of
shorthand for some less simple math operations.
• Specifically, most of these operators first perform
a math operation between two variables and then
assign the result to one of the variables.
 Operator Name Example

Similar to increment and

= Assign var X=1, y=2;
decrement operators, you should
use these operators within
+= Add and Assign x+=y is the same as x=x+y
controls or loop structures.

-= Subtract and Assign x-=y is the same as x=x-y

*= Multiply and Assign x*=y is the same as x=x*y

/= Divide and Assign x/=y is the same as x=x/y

%= Modulus and Assign x%=y is the same as x=x%y

 Comparison Operators
• Comparison operators are used when you want to
compare two values. The table lists down the
JavaScript comparison operators and some
examples.
Operator Name Example Result
== Is equal to 3==5 False
Is identical to
=== (equal and of 2===2 True
same type)
!= Is not equal to 3!=3 False
Is not identical
!== 4!==3 True
to
 Comparison Operators

Operator Name Example Result

> Greater than 4>3 True
Greater than
>= 4>=3 True
or equal to
< Less than 4<3 False
Less than or
<= 4<=3 False
equal to
Try this example in your text editor then open in
your browser then show the browser output:
Summary of the Lesson