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COORDINATE

10th class maths assignment

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12 views7 pages

COORDINATE

10th class maths assignment

Uploaded by

designerpanda458
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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COORDINATE

GEOMETRY

SUBMITTED TO :- SUBMITTED BY:-

Madam Raman Chawla Name:- Harshdeep Kaur

Class:- 10th (A)

Roll No. 5
INTRODUCTION:- The distance of a point from x-axis is known as its
y-coordinate and distance of a point from y-axis is called x-axis.The coordinate

of x-axis are in form of (x,0) and the coordinate of y-axis are in form of (0,y).

DISTANCE FORMULA:- The distance 'd' between the points A = (x1, y1) and B =
(x2, y2) is given by the formula:

This formula is an application of Pythagoras' theorem for right triangles:

MIDPOINT FORMULA:- A(xa,ya) and B(xb,yb) are two points in the (x,y) plane,
and P(xp,yp) is the midpoint of the line joining A and B:
The coordinates of the midpoint ‘P’ are given by:

and

For example, find the midpoint of the line joining the points A(-4,-3) and B(4,5).

Substituting into the formulas we have:

and

So the midpoint of AB is: P(0,1)


SECTION FORMULA:- Consider two points P(x1, y1) and Q(x2, y2).
We have to find the coordinates of the point R which divides PQ in the ratio
m:n, i.e. PR/RQ=m/n.

There can be two cases, R lying between P and Q, or outside the line segment PQ.
The following figure gives some idea about what I’m saying.

Section formula internal and external division

Let the two given points be P(x1, y1, z1) and Q (x2, y2, z2). Let the point R (x, y, z)
divide PQ in the given ratio m : n internally. Coordinates of Point R will be,
If the point R divides PQ externally in the ratio m : n, then its coordinates are
obtained by replacing n by – n so that coordinates of point R will be

Special case:- Coordinates of the mid-point: In case R is the mid-point of PQ, then
m : n = 1 : 1 .The coordinates of point R which divides PQ in ratio k : 1 are
obtained by taking k= m/n

Numerical:- Find coordinates of point which divides line segment joining points
(1, –2, 3) and (3, 4, –5) in the ratio 2 : 3 internally, and externally.

Solution: Here m=2 & n=3. Coordinates of Point P when it divided m:n internally
is
AREA OF A TRIANGLE:- We can find Area of triangle using
formula 1/2× base × height if we know the length of base and height of triangle.

We have a formula which can be directly used on the vertices of triangle to


find its area.

If, (x1, x2), (x2, y2) and (x3, y3) are the coordinates of vertices of triangle then

Area of Triangle = 1/2(x1(y2−y3)+x2(y3−y1)+x3(y1−y2))

Now, we can easily derive this formula using a small diagram shown below.

Suppose, we have a △ABC as shown in the diagram and we want to find its area.
Let the coordinates of vertices are (x1, y1), (x2, y2) and (x3, y3).

We draw perpendiculars AP, BQ and CR to x-axis.

Area of △ABC = Area of Trapezium ABQP + Area of Trapezium BCRQ - Area of


Trapezium ACRP

⇒ Area of △ABC=1/2(y1+y2)(x1−x2)
+1/2(y1+y3)(x3−x1)
−1/2(y2+y3)(x3−x2)=1/2(x1(y2−y3)+x2(y3−y1)+x3(y1−y2))

Let the coordinates of vertices are (x1, y1), (x2, y2) and (x3, y3).

We draw perpendiculars AP, BQ and CR to x-axis.

Area of △ABC = Area of Trapezium ABQP + Area of Trapezium BCRQ - Area of


Trapezium ACRP

⇒ Area of △ABC=1/2(y1+y2)(x1−x2)
+1/2(y1+y3)(x3−x1)
−1/2(y2+y3)(x3−x2)=1/2(x1(y2−y3)+x2(y3−y1)+x3(y1−y2))

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