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CH00-Introduction To Numerical Methods For Physics

Analyse numerique

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17 views21 pages

CH00-Introduction To Numerical Methods For Physics

Analyse numerique

Uploaded by

sari yossef
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Introduction to

Numerical Methods for


Physics
Prepared by
Dr. Ali Atwi
INTRODUCTION

 What are NUMERICAL METHODS?

 Why do we need them?


NUMERICAL METHODS

Numerical Methods:
Algorithms that are used to obtain numerical
solutions of a mathematical problem.
Why do we need them?
1. No analytical solution exists,
2. An analytical solution is difficult to obtain
or not practical.
WHAT DO WE NEED?

Basic Needs in the Numerical Methods:


• Practical:

Can be computed in a reasonable amount


of time.
• Accurate:

Good approximate to the true value,

Information about the approximation


error (Bounds, error order,… ).
WHAT ARE NUMERICAL METHODS FOR?

• Many problems can be formulated in simple


Mathematical equations, This does not mean, that
they are solved easily!
• For any application, you need numbers
 Numerical Methods!
• Often, modelling and numerical calculations can
help in design, construction, safety
• Note: many everyday’s problems are so complicated
that they cannot be solved yet
MATHEMATICAL MODEL

• A mathematical model is a representation of


physical reality that is amenable to analysis and
calculation

•Numerical simulation allow us to calculate the


solution of theses models on computer, and
therefore to simulate physical reality
MATHEMATICAL MODEL
• Mathematical analysis of models: the numerical
calculation of the solution of the physical models
sometimes has some unpleasant surprises which can
only be explained by a sound understanding of their
mathematical properties.

• The models we shall study will be the partial


differential equations or (PDEs) that is the
differential equations in several variables ( time
and space for example)
TYPES OF SOLUTION

 Analytical:
 Accurate results

 Fast and rapid results

 Solution extremely useful in order to validate


numerical methods

• Application on limited set of simple cases ( a few


special geometries or forms)
TYPES OF SOLUTION

 Semi Analytical:
 Developed before the arrival of powerful
computers

• Application complicated integral, infinite series


asymptotic approximation)
TYPES OF SOLUTION

 Numerical:
 Transform the continues or integral equations to
approximate formula
 Avoids many stages of costly prototyping

• Efficiency remains limited and suffer from


several types of problems ( non homogenous
materials, complex geometric forms… )
NUMERICAL MODELING
WHY DO WE NEED NUMERICAL SIMULATION
WHY DO WE NEED NUMERICAL SIMULATION
THE MAIN ELEMENTS OF SIMULATION
Over the past two decades, there is a dramatic increase in computing
power and reduction in cost has stimulated significant research,
development, and educational activities that focus on computing.

the drastic increase in computing power has also prompted renewed


interest in the development of algorithms that make use of the enhanced
computing power to execute complex tasks in an efficient manner. Today,
computers can simulate processes that span length scales all the way
from pico-meters to light years, and timescales that
span femto-seconds to decades. From collisions of black holes to the
computation of atomic vibrational spectra to unsteady turbulence in
atmospheric boundary layers to weather prediction, the possibilities for
computer simulations to promote scientific discoveries, and make our
everyday life better, is endless!
ROLE OF ANALYSIS
Analysis refers to the use of certain physical and
mathematical principles to establish the relationship between
cause and effect as applied to the device or system. The
causal relationship, often referred to as the mathematical
model, may be in the form of a simple explicit equation or in
the form of a complex set of partial differential equations
(PDEs).

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