Name of Experiment: Understanding Heat Transfer in Forced Convection.
Objective: To determine heat transfer coefficient (h) under forced convection for a flow through a
heated pipe
Theory: There are mainly 3 (three) modes of heat transfer: conduction, convection and radiation. This
experiment is focused on the convection heat transfer. When external sources such as fans, pumps
etc. are used to create bulk motion, it is known as forced convection flow. Forced convection is usable
to increase the heat transfer rate. Newton's Low of Cooling is used to represent the phenomenon of
forced convection, and heat transfer coefficient (h) is the respective parameter/characteristic of the
convective flow.
Experimental Setup:
The apparatus consists of a blower unit fitted with the test pipe. The test section is surrounded by
nichrome heater. Four temperature sensors are embedded on the test section and two temperature
sensors are placed in the air stream at the entrance and exit of the test section to measure the air
temperature.
Test pipe is connected to the delivery side of the blower along with the orifice-meter to
measure flow of air through the pipe, attached with a manometer on the board. Input to the heater
is given through a dimmerstat and measured by the voltmeter and ammeter. It is to be noted that
only a part of the total heat supplied is utilized in heating the air, as some amount of heat is lost to
the surroundings. Adigital temperature indicator with multi-channel switch is provided to measure
temperature of the pipe wall in the test section.
Set up Diagraon Fce Convection
Bond Heater Taulatian
AuFiau
Bloutn
Hran
4
Manowe tr
Seacificationo
No
Deocription
Lengin o the tea
Seericatin/Dicnóion
Section (L)
Diomgto of tabe
(d1) 34r 34
3 orie diameto
do 9m
L Test See tten
lengm L)
No ofemeatad
SenaoY
B (o e n FHP
Digita vo Hren
0- 3A
EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE:
Start the blower and adjust the flow of air by means of valve to some desired difference of
liquid level in manometer.
Start heating the test section with the help of dimmerstat and adjust desired heat input with
help of digital voltmeter and digital ammeter. (Avoid exceeding more than 90 volts)
Note down reading of all the temperature sensors until the steady state is reached. (Wait at
least 15 min. for the first set of reading and then 5 minutes for consecutive readings)
Note down the heat input.
Mathematical Formulation:
" Make hatiCal For ulatim
(wectie Heat iNput to ar
in = h As (Ts - Ta) in w
Qou O Q,= heat gai n& by aL due to healing
cOhene m (Maao Flea rate o au) - 9oXV kgls
- a (denaity ofau) x Volumec
Flea rate of awr (ý )
= au x Ca AiAo
JA-A: \au
Ao= hea ot oriice (do) = 0 ov029
A, =Qaea o} teat Pire - T 2
Ca = Coesficie ot Di
(a)-o.o00504 n
achage Hnan= Manomee Pad ng
Ob Sevations Table
NO Heat hpat (w)Tepeatuno c
Hnan
13 0 90 48 55 C2 53
42
I50 40 20 4) 54 Gs 55 50
CaRealatims
Ta = T+ T6 35 c
2
4
U84 5 5t G2+53
54-5 CISt
(and Tnean = 2
2 2
455 2d
Hain= ai
-
-
) ) Han
at T. mean : 42 5 a tble
Cp = lo07
at lmean= us-S
Ca Jag (ma )xH
Ja' a
|ooo)x0-083
Q= m Cpaun (Tc -T) O. ooo53 x | loS x ioo4 ¬5o-20)
Q=h(TaiL)Ts- T&)hxoosX(54-3)1st
shta
No.
h hh= Q
(455 O00053 0-0171X (T6-T,) mCp hy0
o6454-35) O. O-064(543)
5-dL(Ts-Ta)
\
oçu
Aoanen
Heat wn°c X1|05 I||: y
forte Wm2 X(003) (54-35)
loo+( x
(42-20
5o-20)
tio )
|St
