Python Programming for Data Science 1

PROGRAM:1

AIM
Write a python program to input the details of a Student (such as Student Id, Name, Age, Email,
Phone Number, Subject, department) and display the details of a student.

PROGRAM

# Input the details of a Student

Studentid=int(input("Enter student id:"))
StudentName=input("Enter Student Name:")
StudentAge=int(input("Enter Student Age:"))
StudentEmail=input("Enter Student Email:")
StudentPhone=int(input("Enter Student PhNo:"))
StudentSubject=input("Enter Student Subject Name:")
StudentDepartment=input("Enter Student Department:")

print() # Blank line for better readability

# Display the student details

print("Student Details:")
print("StudentId:"+str(Studentid))
print("Student Name:"+StudentName)
print("Student Age:"+str(StudentAge))
print("Student Email:"+StudentEmail)
print("Student Phone:"+str(StudentPhone))
print("Student Subject:"+StudentSubject)
print("Student Department:"+StudentDepartment)

MCA 2023-2025 STAS PULLARIKUNNU

Python Programming for Data Science 2

OUTPUT

MCA 2023-2025 STAS PULLARIKUNNU

Python Programming for Data Science 3

PROGRAM:2

AIM
Write a python program to find the sum and average of elements in a list.

PROGRAM

numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7]

list_sum=sum(numbers)

# Calculate the average of the elements

list_avg=list_sum/len(numbers)

# Display the sum and average

print("Sum:"+str(list_sum))

print("Average:"+str(list_avg))

OUTPUT

MCA 2023-2025 STAS PULLARIKUNNU

Python Programming for Data Science 4

PROGRAM:3

AIM
Write a python program to count Even and Odd numbers in a List.

PROGRAM

numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]

odd_number = []

even_number = []

for i in numbers:

if i % 2 == 0:

even_number.append(i) # Add even number to the even_number list

else:

odd_number.append(i) # Add odd number to the odd_number list

print("Odd Numbers: " + str(odd_number))

print("Even Numbers: " + str(even_number))

odd = 0

even = 0

for i in numbers:

if i % 2 == 0:

even += 1 # Increment the even count

else:

odd += 1 # Increment the odd count

print("Count of Odd Numbers: " + str(odd))

print("Count of Even Numbers: " + str(even))

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Python Programming for Data Science 5

OUTPUT

MCA 2023-2025 STAS PULLARIKUNNU

Python Programming for Data Science 6

PROGRAM:4

AIM
Write a python program to print all even and odd numbers in a range.

PROGRAM

start = int(input("Enter the start of the range: "))

end = int(input("Enter the end of the range: "))

even_number=[]

odd_number=[]

for i in range(start,end+1):

if(i%2==0):

even_number.append(i)

else:

odd_number.append(i)

print("Even Numbers:"+str(even_number))

print("odd Numbers:"+str(odd_number))

OUTPUT

MCA 2023-2025 STAS PULLARIKUNNU

Python Programming for Data Science 7

PROGRAM:5

AIM
Write a python program to print duplicates from a list of integers.

PROGRAM

number=[1,1,2,2,3,4,5,6,6,7,8,9,4]

seen=set()

duplicate=set()

for i in number:

if i in seen:

duplicate.add(i)

else:

seen.add(i)

print("Duplicates:"+str(duplicate))

OUTPUT

MCA 2023-2025 STAS PULLARIKUNNU

Python Programming for Data Science 8

PROGRAM:6

AIM
Write a python program to count positive and negative numbers in a list.

PROGRAM

numbers=[1,-2,-4,-6,4,5,8,9]

possitive=0

negative=0

for i in numbers:

if(i>0):

possitive+=1

else:

negative+=1

print("Possitive number:"+str(possitive))

print("negative number:"+str(negative))

OUTPUT

MCA 2023-2025 STAS PULLARIKUNNU

Python Programming for Data Science 9

PROGRAM:7

AIM
Write a python program to print negative numbers in a list.

PROGRAM

numbers=[1,2,3,4,-1,-3,-8,-9,7]
negative_numbers=[]

for i in numbers:
if(i<0):
negative_numbers.append(i)

print("negative_numbers:"+str(negative_numbers))

OUTPUT

MCA 2023-2025 STAS PULLARIKUNNU

Python Programming for Data Science 10

PROGRAM:8

AIM
Write a python program to print negative and positive numbers in a list.

PROGRAM

numbers=[1,2,3,4,-1,-3,-8,-9,7]

negative_numbers=[]

possitive_numbers=[]

for i in numbers:

if(i<0):

negative_numbers.append(i)

else:

possitive_numbers.append(i)

print("negative_numbers:"+str(negative_numbers))

print("possitive_numbers:"+str(possitive_numbers))

OUTPUT

MCA 2023-2025 STAS PULLARIKUNNU

Python Programming for Data Science 11

PROGRAM:9

AIM
Write a python program to Display the multiplication Table.

PROGRAM

number=int(input("Enter the multiplcation table you want:"))

for i in range(1,11):

print(f"{number} * {i} = {number * i}")

OUTPUT

MCA 2023-2025 STAS PULLARIKUNNU

Python Programming for Data Science 12

PROGRAM:10

AIM
Write a python program to Make a Simple Calculator.

PROGRAM

def calculator():
while True:
print("\nSelect Operator")
print("1. Add")
print("2. Subtract")
print("3. Multiply")
print("4. Divide")
print("5. Exit")

try:
choice = int(input("Enter your choice (1-5): "))

if choice == 5:
print("Exiting the calculator. Goodbye!")
break

if choice in [1, 2, 3, 4]:

num1 = float(input("Enter first number: "))
num2 = float(input("Enter second number: "))

if choice == 1:
result = num1 + num2
elif choice == 2:

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Python Programming for Data Science 13

result = num1 - num2

elif choice == 3:
result = num1 * num2
elif choice == 4:
if num2 != 0:
result = num1 / num2
else:
result = "Error! Division by zero."

print("Result: " + str(result))

else:
print("Invalid Input. Please enter a number between 1 and 5.")
except ValueError:
print("Invalid input. Please enter a valid number.")
calculator()

OUTPUT

MCA 2023-2025 STAS PULLARIKUNNU

Python Programming for Data Science 14

PROGRAM:11

AIM
Write a python program to Find Factorial of Number Using Recursion.

PROGRAM

def factorial(n):

if n == 1 or n == 0:

return 1

else:

return n*factorial(n-1)

num = int(input("Enter a number"))

if num<0:

print("Factorial is not defined for negative numbers")

else:

print(f"The factorial of {num} is {factorial(num)}")

OUTPUT

MCA 2023-2025 STAS PULLARIKUNNU

Python Programming for Data Science 15

PROGRAM:12

AIM
Write a python program to Create Pyramid Patterns.

PROGRAM

def star_piramid(n):

for i in range(n):

print(' ' * (n-i-1),end='')

print('* '*(i+1))

rows=int(input("Enter the number of rows for the star pyramid:"))

star_piramid(rows)

OUTPUT

MCA 2023-2025 STAS PULLARIKUNNU

Python Programming for Data Science 16

PROGRAM:13

AIM
Write a python program to :

a) Create a dictionary

b) Merge two Dictionary

c) Update Dictionary

d) Add an element to the dictionary

e) Remove Elements from Dictionary

f) Get value and key of a particular item

PROGRAM

#Create a Dictionary
dict1={1:'Adwaith',2:'anjana',3:'arjun'}
dict2={4:'eldho',5:'shibin'}
print(dict1)
print(dict2)
# Merge Two Dictionary
dict1.update(dict2)
print("After Merging :")
print(dict1)
# Update Dictionary
print("Updating elements in a dictionary")
dict1 = {}
dict1.update({1: 'Adwaith Rajeev', 2: 'Anjana Elizebath', 3: 'Arjun k Shine', 4: 'Eldho Elias',
5: 'Shibin Abraham'})
print(dict1)

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Python Programming for Data Science 17

#Adding an Element to Dictionary

print("Adding element to a dictionary")
dict1[6]='Amritha'
print(dict1)
#Removing an Element from the Dictionary
print("removing element from a dictionary")
dict1.pop(6)
print(dict1)
#Getting values and Keys of the items in the Dictionary

print("Printing elements with their keys & values")

for i in dict1:
print(i, dict1[i])

OUTPUT

MCA 2023-2025 STAS PULLARIKUNNU

Python Programming for Data Science 18

PROGRAM:14

AIM
Write a python program to Check if:

a) a Key is Already Present in a Dictionary

b) a value present in a dictionary

c)an item present in a dictionary

PROGRAM

def check_dictionary():

# Take dictionary input from the user

n = int(input("Enter the number of items in the dictionary: "))

dictionary = {}

for _ in range(n):

key = input("Enter key: ")

value = input("Enter value: ")

dictionary[key] = value

# a) Check if a key is present

key = input("\nEnter the key to check: ")

if key in dictionary:

print(f"Key '{key}' is present in the dictionary.")

else:

print(f"Key '{key}' is not present in the dictionary.")

# b) Check if a value is present

value = input("\nEnter the value to check: ")

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Python Programming for Data Science 19

if value in dictionary.values():

print(f"Value '{value}' is present in the dictionary.")

else:

print(f"Value '{value}' is not present in the dictionary.")

# c) Check if an item (key-value pair) is present

item_key = input("\nEnter the key of the item to check: ")

item_value = input("Enter the value of the item to check: ")

if dictionary.get(item_key) == item_value:

print(f"Item ('{item_key}', '{item_value}') is present in the dictionary.")

else:

print(f"Item ('{item_key}', '{item_value}') is not present in the dictionary.")

# Call the function

check_dictionary()

OUTPUT

MCA 2023-2025 STAS PULLARIKUNNU

Python Programming for Data Science 20

PROGRAM:15

AIM
Write a Python Program to Display Calendar

PROGRAM

import calendar

year=int(input("enter the year"))

month=int(input("enter the month"))

print(calendar.month(year,month))

OUTPUT

MCA 2023-2025 STAS PULLARIKUNNU

Python Programming for Data Science 21

PROGRAM:16

AIM
Write a Python program to add two matrices

PROGRAM

x=[]
y=[]

n=int(input("Enter the size of the matrix:"))

print("Enter the element for matrix x:")

for i in range(n):
row=[]
for j in range(n):
element=int(input(f"Enter elements:"))
row.append(element)
x.append(row)

print("Enter the element for matrix y:")

for i in range(n):
row=[]
for j in range(n):
element=int(input(f"Enter elements:"))
row.append(element)
y.append(row)

result=[]

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Python Programming for Data Science 22

for i in range(n):
row = []
for j in range(n):
row.append(x[i][j] + y[i][j])
result.append(row)

print("The result of matrix addition is:")

for r in result:
print(r)

OUTPUT

MCA 2023-2025 STAS PULLARIKUNNU

Python Programming for Data Science 23

PROGRAM:17

AIM
Write a Python program to multiply two matrices

PROGRAM

matrix1=[]

matrix2=[]

n=int(input("Enter the size of the matrix:"))

print("Enter the element for matrix x:")

for i in range(n):

row=[]

for j in range(n):

element=int(input(f"Enter elements:"))

row.append(element)

matrix1.append(row)

print("Enter the element for matrix y:")

for i in range(n):

row=[]

for j in range(n):

element=int(input(f"Enter elements:"))

row.append(element)

matrix2.append(row)

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Python Programming for Data Science 24

result=[]

# Multiply the matrices

for i in range(len(matrix1)): # Iterate over rows of matrix1

result.append([]) # Create a new row in the result matrix

for j in range(len(matrix2[0])): # Iterate over columns of matrix2

sum = 0

for k in range(len(matrix2)): # Iterate over rows of matrix2

sum += matrix1[i][k] * matrix2[k][j]

result[i].append(sum) # Append the sum to the current row of the result

# Print the result matrix

print("The product of the matrices is:")

for row in result:

print(row)

OUTPUT

MCA 2023-2025 STAS PULLARIKUNNU

Python Programming for Data Science 25

PROGRAM:18

AIM
Write a python program to create a class by name Students, and initialise attributes like student id,
name, age, phone number, department, name of college, location while creating an object.

PROGRAM

class Student:

def __init__(self, id, name, age, phoneNo, department, collegeName, location):

self.id = id

self.name = name

self.age = age

self.phoneNo = phoneNo

self.department = department

self.collegeName = collegeName

self.location = location

def show_details(self):

print("Student ID: ", self.id)

print("Name: ", self.name)

print("Age: ", self.age)

print("Phone Number: ", self.phoneNo)

print("Department: ", self.department)

print("College Name: ", self.collegeName)

print("Location: ", self.location)

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Python Programming for Data Science 26

# Function to create a student object from user input

def create_student():

print("\nEnter Student Details")

id = int(input("Enter ID: "))

name = input("Enter Name: ")

age = int(input("Enter Age: "))

phoneNo = int(input("Enter Phone Number: "))

department = input("Enter Department: ")

collegeName = input("Enter College Name: ")

location = input("Enter Location: ")

return Student(id, name, age, phoneNo, department, collegeName, location)

# Create student objects

students = []

n = int(input("Enter the number of students: "))

for _ in range(n):

students.append(create_student())

# Display details of all students

print("\nDisplaying Student Details:")

for student in students:

print()

student.show_details()

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OUTPUT

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Python Programming for Data Science 28

PROGRAM:19

AIM
Write a python program to create a class by name Employee and initialise attributes like
Company name, Location, Employee name, Gender, Profession while creating an object.

PROGRAM

class Employee:
def __init__(self, companyName, location, Ename, gender, profession):
self.companyName = companyName
self.location = location
self.Ename = Ename
self.gender = gender
self.profession = profession

def display_details(self):
print("Company Name:", self.companyName)
print("Location:", self.location)
print("Employee Name:", self.Ename)
print("Gender:", self.gender)
print("Profession:", self.profession)

# Function to create an employee object from user input

def create_employee():
print("\nEnter Employee Details")
companyName = input("Enter Company Name: ")
location = input("Enter Location: ")
Ename = input("Enter Employee Name: ")
gender = input("Enter Gender: ")

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Python Programming for Data Science 29

profession = input("Enter Profession: ")

return Employee(companyName, location, Ename, gender, profession)

# Create employee objects

employees = []
n = int(input("Enter the number of employees: "))
for _ in range(n):
employees.append(create_employee())

# Display details of all employees

print("\nDisplaying Employee Details:")
for employee in employees:
print()
employee.display_details()

OUTPUT

MCA 2023-2025 STAS PULLARIKUNNU

Python Programming for Data Science 30

PROGRAM:20

AIM
Write a python program to perform file handling:

a) Open a file
b) Write to file
c) Append to file
d) Close a file
e) Create a new file
f) Delete a file

PROGRAM

# Opening a new file (or creating it if it doesn't exist)

f = open("abc.txt", "w")

f.close()

# Writing to a file

f = open("abc.txt", "w")

f.write("Learn Python Programming\n") # Writing content to the file

f.write("Learn Java Programming") # This overwrites previous content if any

f.close()

# Appending content to an existing file

f = open("abc.txt", "a")

f.write("Learn Python Programming \n") # Appending new content

f.close()

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Python Programming for Data Science 31

# Reading a file

f = open("abc.txt", "r")

read = f.read()

print(read)

f.close()

# Reading only parts of the file

f = open("abc.txt", "r")

print(f.read(5)) # Reading the first 5 characters

f.close()

# Reading one line of the file

f = open("abc.txt", "r")

print(f.readline()) # Reads only the first line

f.close()

# Reading two lines of the file

f = open("abc.txt", "r")

print(f.readline()) # Reads the first line

print(f.readline()) # Reads the second line

f.close()

# Loop through the file line by line

f = open("abc.txt", "r")

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Python Programming for Data Science 32

for line in f:

print(line, end='') # Prints each line in the file without extra newlines

f.close()

OUTPUT

MCA 2023-2025 STAS PULLARIKUNNU

Python Programming for Data Science 33

PROGRAM:21

AIM
Write a python program to Implement Database connectivity using SQLite

a) Creating Database
b) Creating a cursor object
c) Creating a table
d) Inserting records into a table
e) Fetching records from table
f) Updating records
g) Deleting records
h) Deleting table

PROGRAM

import sqlite3

# Step 1: Connect to the database (or create it if it doesn't exist)

conn = sqlite3.connect("sample_database.db")

print("Database created and connected successfully.")

# Step 2: Create a cursor object

cursor = conn.cursor()

# Step 3: Create a table

cursor.execute('''CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS students (

id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT,

name TEXT NOT NULL,

age INTEGER,

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Python Programming for Data Science 34

grade TEXT)''')

print("Table 'students' created successfully.")

# Step 4: Insert records into the table

cursor.execute("INSERT INTO students (name, age, grade) VALUES ('Alice', 21, 'A')")

cursor.execute("INSERT INTO students (name, age, grade) VALUES ('Bob', 22, 'B')")

cursor.execute("INSERT INTO students (name, age, grade) VALUES ('Charlie', 23, 'C')")

conn.commit() # Commit changes to the database

print("Records inserted successfully.")

# Step 5: Fetch records from the table

cursor.execute("SELECT * FROM students")

rows = cursor.fetchall()

print("Fetching records from 'students' table:")

for row in rows:

print(row)

# Step 6: Update a record

cursor.execute("UPDATE students SET grade = 'A+' WHERE name = 'Bob'")

conn.commit()

print("Record updated successfully.")

# Step 7: Delete a record

cursor.execute("DELETE FROM students WHERE name = 'Charlie'")

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Python Programming for Data Science 35

conn.commit()

print("Record deleted successfully.")

# Step 8: Delete the table

cursor.execute("DROP TABLE IF EXISTS students")

conn.commit()

print("Table 'students' deleted successfully.")

# Close the database connection

conn.close()

print("Database connection closed.")

OUTPUT

MCA 2023-2025 STAS PULLARIKUNNU

Python Programming for Data Science 36

PROGRAM:22

AIM
Write a python program to perform Python Module.

PROGRAM

employee_module.py

class Employee:

def __init__(self, companyName, location, Ename, gender, profession):

self.companyName = companyName

self.location = location

self.Ename = Ename

self.gender = gender

self.profession = profession

def display_details(self):

print("Company Name:", self.companyName)

print("Location:", self.location)

print("Employee Name:", self.Ename)

print("Gender:", self.gender)

print("Profession:", self.profession)

def create_employee():

print("\nEnter Employee Details")

companyName = input("Enter Company Name: ")

location = input("Enter Location: ")

Ename = input("Enter Employee Name: ")

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Python Programming for Data Science 37

gender = input("Enter Gender: ")

profession = input("Enter Profession: ")

return Employee(companyName, location, Ename, gender, profession)

main.py

from employee_module import Employee, create_employee

def main():

# Create employee objects

employees = []

n = int(input("Enter the number of employees: "))

for _ in range(n):

employees.append(create_employee())

# Display details of all employees

print("\nDisplaying Employee Details:")

for employee in employees:

print()

employee.display_details()

if __name__ == "__main__":

main()

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OUTPUT

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Python Programming for Data Science 39

PROGRAM:23

AIM
Write a Python program to handle a ZeroDivisionError exception when dividing a number by
zero.

PROGRAM

def divide_numbers(x, y):

try:
result = x / y
print("Result:", result)
except ZeroDivisionError:
print("The division by zero operation is not allowed.")

try:
x = float(input("Enter the numerator: "))
y = float(input("Enter the denominator: "))
divide_numbers(x, y)
except ValueError:
print("Please enter valid numbers.")

OUTPUT

MCA 2023-2025 STAS PULLARIKUNNU

Python Programming for Data Science 40

PROGRAM:24

AIM
Write a Python program that prompts the user to input an integer and raises a ValueError
exception if the input is not a valid integer.

PROGRAM

def get_integer_input():
try:
user_input = input("Please enter an integer: ")

num = int(user_input)
print(f"You entered a valid integer: {num}")
except ValueError:
print("Error: Invalid input! Please enter a valid integer.")

get_integer_input()

OUTPUT

MCA 2023-2025 STAS PULLARIKUNNU

Python Programming for Data Science 41

PROGRAM:25

AIM
Write a Python program that prompts the user to input two numbers and raises a TypeError
exception if the inputs are not numerical.

PROGRAM

def get_two_numbers():

try:

num1 = input("Please enter the first number: ")

num2 = input("Please enter the second number: ")

num1 = float(num1)

num2 = float(num2)

print(f"You entered the numbers: {num1} and {num2}")

except ValueError:

raise TypeError("Error: Both inputs must be numerical values.")

try:

get_two_numbers()

except TypeError as e:

print(e)

OUTPUT

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Python Programming for Data Science 42

PROGRAM:26

AIM
Write a Python program that executes division and handles an ArithmeticError exception if there
is an arithmetic error..

PROGRAM

def divide_numbers(x, y):

try:
# Perform division
result = x / y
print("Result:", result)
except ArithmeticError:
print("An arithmetic error occurred. Please check your inputs.")

try:
num1 = float(input("Enter the numerator: "))
num2 = float(input("Enter the denominator: "))
divide_numbers(num1, num2)
except ValueError:
print("Please enter valid numbers.")

OUTPUT

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Python Programming for Data Science 43

PROGRAM:27

AIM
Write a Python program to perform User defined exception for handling invalid age

PROGRAM

class InvalidAgeError(Exception):

def __init__(self, message):

self.message = message

super().__init__(self.message)

def check_age(age):

if age < 0 or age > 150:

raise InvalidAgeError("Age must be between 0 and 150.")

else:

print(f"Your age is: {age}")

try:

age = int(input("Enter your age: ")

check_age(age)

except InvalidAgeError as e:

print(f"Error: {e}")

except ValueError:

print("Please enter a valid integer for age.")

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OUTPUT

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Python Programming for Data Science 45

PROGRAM:28

AIM
Create a series using panda packages.

a) Create a simple Pandas Series from a list

b) To access items in a series
c) Create Labels
d) To access an item by referring to the label
e) Create a simple Pandas Series from a dictionary
f) Create a DataFrame from two Series

PROGRAM

import pandas as pd

# Checking Pandas Version

print(pd.__version__)

OUTPUT

a) Create a simple Pandas Series from a list

import pandas as pd

a = [1, 7, 2]

myvar = pd.Series(a)

print(myvar)

OUTPUT

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Python Programming for Data Science 46

b) To access items in a series

import pandas as pd
a = [1, 7, 2]
myvar = pd.Series(a)
print(myvar)
print(myvar[0])

OUTPUT

c)Create Labels

import pandas as pd

a = [1, 7, 2]

myvar = pd.Series(a, index = ["x", "y", "z"])

print(myvar)

OUTPUT

d)To access an item by referring to the label

import pandas as pd
a = [1, 7, 2]
myvar = pd.Series(a, index = ["x", "y", "z"])
print(myvar["y"])

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Python Programming for Data Science 47

OUTPUT

e)Create a simple Pandas Series from a dictionary

import pandas as pd

calories = {"day1": 420, "day2": 380, "day3": 390}

myvar = pd.Series(calories)

print(myvar)

OUTPUT

f)Create a DataFrame from two Series

import pandas as pd

data = {

"calories": [420, 380, 390],

"duration": [50, 40, 45]

myvar = pd.DataFrame(data)

print(myvar)

OUTPUT

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Python Programming for Data Science 48

PROGRAM:29

AIM
Create a DataFrame using Pandas packages.

a) Create a simple Pandas DataFrame from a list.

b) Load data into a DataFrame object.
c) Use a list of indexes to assign custom row labels
d) Add a list of names to give each row a specific name.
e) To return specific row data from the DataFrame.

PROGRAM

a)Create a simple Pandas DataFrame from a list.

import pandas as pd

data = {

"calories": [420, 380, 390],

"duration": [50, 40, 45]

myvar = pd.DataFrame(data)

print(myvar)

OUTPUT

b)Load data into a DataFrame object.

import pandas as pd
data = {

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"calories": [420, 380, 390],

"duration": [50, 40, 45]
}

df = pd.DataFrame(data)
print(df.loc[0])

OUTPUT

c)Use a list of indexes to assign custom row labels

import pandas as pd

data = {

"calories": [420, 380, 390],

"duration": [50, 40, 45]

df = pd.DataFrame(data)

print(df.loc[[0, 1]])

OUTPUT

d)Add a list of names to give each row a specific name

import pandas as pd

data = {

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"calories": [420, 380, 390],

"duration": [50, 40, 45]

df = pd.DataFrame(data, index = ["day1", "day2", "day3"])

print(df)

OUTPUT

e)To return specific row data from the DataFrame.

import pandas as pd

data = {

"calories": [420, 380, 390],

"duration": [50, 40, 45]

df = pd.DataFrame(data, index = ["day1", "day2", "day3"])

print(df.loc["day2"])

OUTPUT

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PROGRAM:30

AIM
Create a data frame by importing CSV files using panda packages.

a) Importing CSV file

b) Analysing data
c) Cleaning data
d) Data Correlations
e) Plotting

PROGRAM

a)Importing CSV file

import pandas as pd
df = pd.read_csv('C:/Users/Reshbalal/Documents/STAS/MCA/dataset/income.data.csv')
print(df)

OUTPUT

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b)Analysing data

import pandas as pd
df = pd.read_csv('C:/Users/Reshbalal/Documents/STAS/MCA/dataset/income.data.csv')
print(df.head(10))

OUTPUT

1. Print the last 5 rows of the DataFrame

import pandas as pd
df =
pd.read_csv('C:/Users/Reshbalal/Documents/STAS/MCA/dataset/income.data.csv')
print(df.tail())

OUTPUT

2. Print information about the data

import pandas as pd
df =
pd.read_csv('C:/Users/Reshbalal/Documents/STAS/MCA/dataset/income.data.csv')
print(df.info())

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OUTPUT

c)Cleaning data

1. Remove Rows

One way to deal with empty cells is to remove rows that contain empty cells.

import pandas as pd

pd.read_csv('C:/Users/Reshbalal/Documents/STAS/MCA/dataset/income.data.csv')

new_df = df.dropna()

print(new_df.to_string())

OUTPUT

2. Replace Using Mean, Median, or Mode

import pandas as pd

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df = pd.read_csv('C:/Users/Reshbalal/Documents/STAS/MCA/dataset/income.data.csv')
x = df["income"].mean()
df["income"].fillna(x, inplace=True)
print(df.to_string())

3. Removing Duplicates
import pandas as pd
df = pd.read_csv('C:/Users/Reshbalal/Documents/STAS/MCA/dataset/income.data.csv')
x = df["income"].mean()
df["income"].fillna(x, inplace = True)
print(df.duplicated())
OUTPUT

d)Data Correlations

import pandas as pd

df = pd.read_csv('C:/Users/Reshbalal/Documents/STAS/MCA/dataset/income.data.csv’)

df.corr()

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OUTPUT

e) Plotting

import pandas as pd

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

df =
pd.read_csv(''C:/Users/Reshbalal/Documents/STAS/MCA/dataset/income.data.csv')

df.plot()

plt.show()

OUTPUT

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Scatter Plot

import pandas as pd

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

df =
pd.read_csv(‘C:/Users/Reshbalal/Documents/STAS/MCA/dataset/income.data.csv’')

df.plot(kind = 'scatter', x = 'income', y = 'happiness')

plt.show()

OUTPUT

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Histogram
import pandas as pd
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
df = pd.read_csv('
C:/Users/Reshbalal/Documents/STAS/MCA/dataset/income.data.csv’'')

df["income"].plot(kind = 'hist')
plt.show()

OUTPUT

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PROGRAM:31

AIM
Write a Python program for Numeric Analysis using Numpy

PROGRAM

Data type of an Array :

import numpy as np
a = np.array(['A','B','C','D'])
f = np.array([1.5,2.5,3.5,4.5])
i = np.array([1,2,3,4])
print("The Type of Array : ",a.dtype)
print("The Type of Array : ",f.dtype)
print("The Type of Array : ",i.dtype)

OUTPUT

Dimensions ,Multiplication and Size of the Array :

import numpy as np
a1 = np.array([1,2,3,4])
print("This is a one dimension array",a1)
print("dimension of this array",a1.ndim)
print("Multiply two in one dimension array",a1*2)
print ("Type of array ",type(a1))
print ("size of array ",a1.size)

a2=np.array([[1,2,3,4,5],[6,7,8,9,10]])
print("This is a two Dimension array",a2)

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print("Dimension of this array",a2.ndim)

print("Multiple two in two dimension array ",a2*2)
print ("Type of array ",type(a2))
print ("size of array ",a2.size)

a3=np.array([[[1,2,3],[4,5,6],[7,8,9]],
[[2,3,4,],[5,6,7],[8,9,0]],
[[1,3,5],[2,4,6],[1,4,8]]])
print('This is a Three Dimension Array',a3)
print("Dimension of this Array : ",a3.ndim)
print("Multiplying 2 in Three Dimension Array : ",a3 * 2)
print("Type of Array : ",type(a3))
print("Size of Array : ",a3.size)

OUTPUT

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Shape of an Array :
import numpy as np
a1 = np.array([1,2,3,4])
a2=np.array([[1,2,3,4,5],[6,7,8,9,10]])
a3=np.array([[[1,2,3],[4,5,6],[7,8,9]],
[[2,3,4,],[5,6,7],[8,9,0]],
[[1,3,5],[2,4,6],[1,4,8]]])

print("The Shape of the Array a1 : ",a1.shape)

print("The Shape of the Array a2 : ",a2.shape)
print("The Shape of the Array a3 : ",a3.shape)
OUTPUT

Reshaping :
import numpy as np
a1 = np.array([1,2,3,4])
a2=np.array([[1,2,3,4,5],[6,7,8,9,10]])
a3=np.array([[[1,2,3],[4,5,6],[7,8,9]],
[[2,3,4,],[5,6,7],[8,9,0]],
[[1,3,5],[2,4,6],[1,4,8]]])

na1 = a1.reshape(2,2)
na2 = a2.reshape(10,)
na3 = a3.reshape(3,9)
print("Converting an 1-D array into 2-D Array : ")
print(na1)
print("Converting an 2-D Array into 1-D Array : ")

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print(na2)
print("Converting an 3-D Array into 2-D Array : ")
print(na3)
OUTPUT

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PROGRAM:32

AIM
Develop a program based on simple Linear regression.

PROGRAM

import numpy as np
import pandas as pd
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
dataset=pd.read_csv('C:/Users/HP/Desktop/salarydata.csv')
print(dataset.head())

OUTPUT

visualizing the results

1. plot for the TRAIN
import numpy as np
import pandas as pd
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from sklearn.model_selection import train_test_split
from sklearn.linear_model import LinearRegression
dataset = pd.read_csv('C:/Users/HP/Desktop/salarydata.csv')

X = dataset.iloc[:, :-1].values
y = dataset.iloc[:, 1].values

X_train, X_test, y_train, y_test = train_test_split(X, y, test_size=1/3, random_state=0)

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regressor = LinearRegression()
regressor.fit(X_train, y_train)

y_pred = regressor.predict(X_test)

comparison = pd.DataFrame({'Actual': y_test, 'Predicted': y_pred})

print(comparison)

plt.scatter(X_train, y_train, color='red')

plt.plot(X_train, regressor.predict(X_train), color='blue')
plt.title("Salary vs Experience (Training set)")
plt.xlabel("Years of Experience")
plt.ylabel("Salaries")
plt.show()

OUTPUT

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2. Plot for the TEST

import numpy as np
import pandas as pd
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from sklearn.model_selection import train_test_split
from sklearn.linear_model import LinearRegression
# Step 1: Load the dataset
dataset = pd.read_csv('C:/Users/HP/Desktop/salarydata.csv')
# Data preprocessing
X = dataset.iloc[:, :-1].values # Independent variable (Years of Experience)
y = dataset.iloc[:, 1].values # Dependent variable (Salary)
# Step 2: Splitting the dataset into training and testing sets
X_train, X_test, y_train, y_test = train_test_split(X, y, test_size=1/3, random_state=0)
# Step 3: Fitting the Linear Regression model to the training set
regressor = LinearRegression()
regressor.fit(X_train, y_train) # Fits the model (finds the line of best fit)
# Step 4: Predicting the test set results
y_pred = regressor.predict(X_test)
# Step 5: Print predicted vs actual values
comparison = pd.DataFrame({'Actual': y_test, 'Predicted': y_pred})
print(comparison)
# Step 7: Plotting the test data and model
plt.scatter(X_test, y_test, color='green') # Plotting the actual test data points in green
plt.plot(X_train, regressor.predict(X_train), color='blue') # Using the regression line
from the training set
plt.title("Salary vs Experience (Test set)") # Title of the graph
plt.xlabel("Years of Experience") # Label for the x-axis
plt.ylabel("Salaries") # Label for the y-axis
plt.show() # Display the plot

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OUTPUT

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PROGRAM:33

AIM
Implementation of KNN classification using Scikit-learn

PROGRAM

from sklearn.neighbors import KNeighborsClassifier

from sklearn.model_selection import train_test_split
from sklearn.datasets import load_iris
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

irisData = load_iris()

# Create feature and target arrays

X = irisData.data
y = irisData.target

# Split into training and test set

X_train, X_test, y_train, y_test = train_test_split(
X, y, test_size = 0.2, random_state=42)

neighbors = np.arange(1, 9)
train_accuracy = np.empty(len(neighbors))
test_accuracy = np.empty(len(neighbors))

# Loop over K values

for i, k in enumerate(neighbors):
knn = KNeighborsClassifier(n_neighbors=k)

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knn.fit(X_train, y_train)

# Compute training and test data accuracy

train_accuracy[i] = knn.score(X_train, y_train)
test_accuracy[i] = knn.score(X_test, y_test)

# Generate plot
plt.plot(neighbors, test_accuracy, label = 'Testing dataset Accuracy')
plt.plot(neighbors, train_accuracy, label = 'Training dataset Accuracy')

plt.legend()
plt.xlabel('n_neighbors')
plt.ylabel('Accuracy')
plt.show()

OUTPUT

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PROGRAM:34

AIM
Implementation of K-Means Clustering algorithm using scikit-learn

PROGRAM

import numpy as np

import pandas as pd

from sklearn.datasets import load_iris

from sklearn.cluster import KMeans

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

# 1. Load the Iris dataset

iris = load_iris()

X = iris.data # Features (sepal length, sepal width, petal length, petal width)

# 2. Apply KMeans Clustering

kmeans = KMeans(n_clusters=3, random_state=42) # Create a KMeans model with 3 clusters

kmeans.fit(X) # Fit the KMeans model to the data

# 3. Get the cluster centers (centroids)

centroids = kmeans.cluster_centers_

# 4. Predict the clusters for each data point

y_kmeans = kmeans.predict(X) # Assign each point to a cluster

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# 5. Visualize the clusters (only using two features for simplicity)

# For simplicity, let's use the first two features: sepal length and sepal width

X_2D = X[:, :2] # Only take the first two features (sepal length and sepal width)

# Plotting the data points and centroids

plt.figure(figsize=(8, 6))

# Scatter plot of the data points, color-coded by cluster

plt.scatter(X_2D[:, 0], X_2D[:, 1], c=y_kmeans, cmap='viridis', s=50)

# Mark the cluster centroids

plt.scatter(centroids[:, 0], centroids[:, 1], c='red', s=200, marker='x', label='Centroids')

plt.title('K-Means Clustering (Iris Dataset)')

plt.xlabel('Sepal Length')

plt.ylabel('Sepal Width')

plt.legend()

plt.show()

# 6. Output the cluster assignments and centroids

print(f"Cluster Centers (Centroids):\n{centroids}")

print(f"Cluster assignments for each data point:\n{y_kmeans}")

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OUTPUT

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