DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY

IN

COMPUTER SCIENCE AND APPLICATIONS

OFFERED BY

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE AND APPLICATIONS

PANJAB UNIVERSITY, CHANDIGARH

(Examination 2024 - 2025)

Ph.D. Programme

1
 Ph.D. Programme
The purpose of the Doctor of Philosophy programme in Computer Science and Applications is to prepare
students for research and teaching positions in universities and colleges, and for research and leadership
positions in industry and government. The primary aim of the programme is to train students in the
methods of scientific inquiry and independent research. This is accomplished through advanced
coursework and active participation with the faculty in their research programmes. Doctor of Philosophy
students are expected to have a broad knowledge of all fields of computer science and have a deep
understanding of at least one of its areas. In addition to this requirement, a Doctor of Philosophy student
must be up to date in all the developments in his/her major area of specialization. The most important
component of the Doctor of Philosophy programme is learning to perform independent and significant
research in one's area of specialization.

Outlines of Tests and Syllabi

Sr. Course No. Course Title L T P Credits

No.
1 CSA - 101 Research Methodology 3 - 1 4

2 CSA - 102 Research and Publication Ethics 4 - - 4

3 Elective I: 3 - 1 4
CSA -103 Advanced Software Engineering
CSA -104 Soft Computing Techniques
CSA -105 Multiagent Decision Making Systems
CSA- 106 Image Procession and Computer Vision
CSA -107 Educational Technologies and Advanced
Database Systems
CSA-108 Mobile Communication and Android
Application Development
CSA-109 Parallel and Distributed Computing
CSA-110 Data Mining and Data Warehousing
CSA-111 Simulation & Modeling
CSA-112 Network Technologies
CSA-113 Machine Learning Techniques

2
 Examination Scheme

For each paper there will be one midterm examination of 20 marks, seminar presentations of
10 Marks and an end term paper of 70 Marks. The grading scheme for all papers is as under
:-

GRADE MARKS (RANGE) Numerical

grade points
O+ 90 – 100% 10
O 80 – 90 (Excluding 90) 9
O- 75 – 80 (Excluding 80) 8
A+ 70 – 75 (Excluding 75) 7.5
A 65 – 70 (Excluding 70) 7
A- 60 – 65 (Excluding 65) 6.5
B+ 55 – 60 (Excluding 60) 6
F Less than 55% 0

In case a student is unable to obtain minimum passing grade in a paper but has fulfilled the
minimum requirement of attending 75% lectures in that paper, he/she will be given a chance
to re-appear in that paper in the immediate next semester.

CGPA (Cumulative Grade Point Average) will be calculated using the formula c i n i / c i

Where c i = Credits allotted to a paper

n i = Numerical grade points earned in c th
i paper

The conversion formula is as under :-

CGPA x 10 = Percentage

3
 Courses of Reading
Research Methodology

Paper Code: CSA 101

Objectives: The main objective of the course is to apprise the researchers of the research
methodologies, tools and techniques for effective research.
Note :
• The Question paper will consist of four units.
• Examiner will set total of nine questions comprising two questions from each unit and one
compulsory question of short answer type covering whole syllabi.
• The students are required to attempt one question from each unit and the compulsory
question.
• All questions carry equal marks.

UNIT – I
Introduction: Objectives of Research, Types of Research, Steps in Research, characteristics and
Criteria of good research, problems versus research problems, sources of research problems,
Research Questions and Hypotheses.

Formulating the Research problem: Writing about the literature reviewed with critical analysis,
identifying gaps (if any) in the existing research based on the reviewed literature, considerations in
selecting a research problem, steps in formulating a research problem, formulating a research
problem in applied, qualitative and quantitative research, proposed research goals and objectives

UNIT – II
Research design:Features of a research design, different research designs, developing a research
plan, designs commonly used in qualitative research, random samples; case studies of qualitative,
quantitative and applied research problems and their design.

Data Collection and Methods:Techniques for collection of data using primary and secondary
sources, methods of data collection in qualitative, quantitative and applied research, standard
databases, in-house databases, methods of validity, reliability and verification of output or research
findings.

UNIT - III
Processing and Analysis of Data: Role of statistics in research, fundamentals of statistical analysis
and inference, correlation and Regression, probability distributions, hypothesis testing, parametric
and non parametric tests, Principal Component Analysis, Moments and response curve methods,
state vector machines, uncertainty analysis and Bayesian networks; Generalization and
interpretation. Role of software tools in preparing and analyzing of data.

UNIT - IV
Research Writing:Structure and components of scientific reports, Importance of effective
communication, Bibliography and Referencing, Oral presentation and role of visual aids, use of
documentation and presentations tools such as Latex and Microsoft Office, role of PERT chart in
research timeline, features of scientific research proposal.

4
Suggested Readings:
1. Wayne C. Booth, Gregory G. Colomb, Joseph M. Williams, Joseph Bizup and William T.
FitzGerald, “The Craft of Research, Fourth Edition”, The University of Chicago press, 2016
2. John W. Creswell, “Research DesignQualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods
Approaches”, FourthEdition, Sage Publishers, 2019
3. C. R. Kothari, “Research Methodology – Methods and techniques”, (Second Revised Edition)
New Age International Publishers 2009
4. Ranjit Kumar, “Research Methodology: A step by step guide for Beginners”, Sage
Publications Ltd., 2014
5. Wayne Goddard and Stuart Melville, “Research methodology: An Introduction for science
& Engineering students”, Juta and Company Ltd., 2004
6. Sreenivasulu N. S., “Law relating Intellectual Property”, Partridge Publications, 2013
7. R. pannerselvam, “Research Methodology”, PHI, 2005

5
 Research and Publication Ethics

Paper Code: CSA 102

Objectives : This course is a seminar course for Research Scholars in Computer Science and
Applications. The aim is to explore literature including recent papers of interest from reputed and
refereed Journals, theses and other relevant documents and understand the state of the art research
in Computer Science. Each student should identify a base paper related to the proposed research area
after making extensive literature review, prepare a report on the paper, submit the document and
present the same in the research seminar.
Note :
• The Question paper will consist of four units.
• Examiner will set total of nine questions comprising two questions from each unit and one
compulsory question of short answer type covering whole syllabi.
• The students are required to attempt one question from each unit and the compulsory
question.
• All questions carry equal marks.

UNIT - I
Academic & research writing:Philosophy of Research; Importance of academic writing; Basic
rules of academic writing, English in academic writing; Styles of research writing, Plagiarism;
Introduction; Tools for the detection of plagiarism; Avoiding plagiarism, Intellectual Honesty and
Research Integrity.

UNIT - II
Journal Metrics, Author Metrics, Literature review: Introduction, Source of literature; Process
of literature review, Online literature databases; Literature management tools, Review Paper
Writing, Research paper writing, Referencing and citation; Research Paper Submission processes.

UNIT - III
Synopsis and Thesis Writing,Empirical research study, Challenges in Indian research & writing;
Team management (mentor and collaborators); Time Management, Research proposal writing;
Abstract / Conference Paper / Book / Book Chapter writing; OERs: basic concept and licenses.

UNIT - IV
Open Educational Resources (OERs) for learning & Research; OERs development, Ethics in
Research: Research fraud, competing interest, authorship, slicing research, FFP, COPE guidelines,
Importance of cyber security in research work.

Suggested Readings:

1. Santosh Kumar Yadav, Research and Publication Ethics, Sprnger Cham, 2023,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-26971-4
2. NimitChowdhary, Sunayana, Monika Prakash, “Research and Publication Ethics
An Introduction”, Routledge – Taylor and Francis, 2024,

3. Ajay Semalty, Academic Writing, 2021, ISBN: 9789390211739, bs Publications, Hyderabad, India :
https://bspublications.net/bookdetail.phd?bid=1574
4. Ajay Semalty, Mona Semalty, Art of Writing and Publishing in Pharmaceutical Journals, 2021, ISBN:
9789386819994, Pjharma Med Press, Hyderabad, India : https://bspublications.net/

6
 Advanced Software Engineering
Paper Code: CSA 103

Objectives: This comprehensive course provides a broad perspective on the advanced topics of
Software Engineering and embark on more in-depth research or practice in software engineering.

Note :
• The Question paper will consist of four units.
• Examiner will set total of nine questions comprising two questions from each unit and one
compulsory question of short answer type covering whole syllabi.
• The students are required to attempt one question from each unit and the compulsory
question.
• All questions carry equal marks.
UNIT – I
Software Architecture - Concepts, representation techniques, development methods, and tools
for architecture-centric software engineering, decentralized software architecture, architectures
for Mobile and Pervasive Systems evaluating software architectures,

Software Configuration Management: Configuration Management, Change Management,

Version Management, Build and Release Management.

UNIT - II
Software Reuse: Motivation, Inhibitors, Techniques - Component Based Software Engineering,
Process Models, Reuse Metrics.

Software Re-engineering: Introduction, Restructuring and Reverse Engineering, Reengineering

existing systems, Data Re-engineering and migration, Reengineering Metrics.

UNIT – III
Software Project Management: Software Project Planning, Conventional Software Management,
Evolution of Software Economics, Improvement of Software Economics.

Quality: Quality issues in the life-cycle model. Quality planning and management. Aspects of
quality: reliability, maintainability, correctness, usability. Risk analysis and management.

UNIT – IV
Measurement: The fundamentals of Measurement Theory. Introduction to Metrics (Quality
metrics, cost metrics and process metrics). Function points and object points. Estimation Models
and Techniques (Top-down/Bottom Up, Analytical Models (Cocomo, Putnam, etc.), Custom
Models.

Testing: Requirements, Unit, integration and system testing, validation. Structural testing:
coverage techniques. Behavioral testing: domain testing, finite state testing. Mutation and fault
seeding. Tools and instrumentation.

7
Suggested Readings:

1. Mary Shaw and David Garlan. : Software Architecture: Perspective on an

Emerging Discipline, Prentice –Hall.
2. Paul Clements, Rick Kazman, and : Evaluating Software Architecture Methods and
Mark Klein. Case Studies. Addison Wesley.
3. Len Base, Paul Clements, Rick : Software Architecture in Practice. Second
Kazman. Edition, Addison Wesley.

4. I. Sommerville : Software Engineering, Addison Wesley.

5. Walker Royce Software project management, , Pearson
Education.
6. Stephen T. Albin : The Art of Software Architecture: Design
methods and Techniques, Wiley
7. David Budgen : Software Design, 2nd edition, Addison-Wesley
8. William A. Florac and Anita D. : Measuring the Software Process; Addison-
Carleton Wesley
9. Fenton, Norman E., Whitty & Iizuka : Software Quality Assurance & Measurement: A
Worldwide Perspective, Thomson Computer
Press
10. Horch J. W : Practical Guide to Software Quality Management,
Artech House Computer Science
11. Kan Stephen H. : Metrics and Models in Software Quality
Engineering, Addison-Wesley.
12. Glenford J. Myers : The Art of Software Testing, John Wiley & Sons
13. Robert S. Arnold : Software Re-engineering, Robert S. Arnold, IEEE
Comp. Society Press.

8
 Soft Computing Techniques
Paper Code: CSA 104

Objectives: The objective of the course is to provide understanding of the soft computing
techniques including artificial neural networks, fuzzy logic and genetic algorithms useful for
research in intelligent systems and image processing. After going through the course, the candidate
will be able to choose and apply the techniques required for the research problem undertaken.

Note :
• The Question paper will consist of four units.
• Examiner will set total of nine questions comprising two questions from each unit and one
compulsory question of short answer type covering whole syllabi.
• The students are required to attempt one question from each unit and the compulsory
question.
• All questions carry equal marks.

UNIT - I
Introduction to Soft Computing: Basic soft computing techniques: Neural networks, Fuzzy logic,
Genetic algorithms; Hybrid systems, Application of soft computing.

Artificial Neural Networks: Fundamentals, Characteristics of neural networks, Basic models of

artificial neural network: Connections, Learning method, Activation functions; Neural network
architectures; Applications of neural networks.

UNIT - II
Supervised Learning Networks : Introduction to supervised learning, Architecture and training
algorithms for perception network and back propagation networks.

Unsupervised Learning Networks: Introduction to unsupervised learning, Architecture and

training algorithms for Kohonen self-organizing maps and adaptive resonance theory networks
(ART1, ART2).

Hopfield Networks: Introduction, Architecture and training algorithm for discrete Hopfield nets.

UNIT - III
Fuzzy Logic: Introduction and Application to Fuzzy logic, Classical sets, Fuzzy Sets, Operations
on Fuzzy Sets, Fuzzy Relations, Membership functions, Methods of membership value assignment,
and Defuzzification methods, Neuro-fuzzy systems, genetic algorithms and fuzzy logic.

Fuzzy Logic Control Systems: Architecture and Operation of Fuzzy Logic Control (FLC) systems,
FLC System Models, Applications of FLC Systems.

UNIT - IV
Introduction to genetic algorithms: Biological background, Genetic algorithms versus traditional
algorithms. Basic terminologies in genetic algorithm: genes, fitness and populations. Steps in a
general genetic algorithm.

Operations in genetic Algorithm: Selection, Crossover and Mutation, Applications of Genetic

Algorithms.

Soft computing Tools: features, applications, and use of tools such as MATLAB, SCILAB, and
WEKA, developing small projects using these tools and employing soft computing techniques.

9
Suggested Readings:

1. S.N. Sivanandam and S.N. : Principles of Soft Computing, Second Edition, John
Deepa Wiley.
2. Karray and Silva : Soft Computing and Intelligent Systems Design,
Pearson Education.
3. Gallant Stephen : Neural Network Learning and Expert System, MIT
Press.
4. S. Rajasekaran and Pai : Neural Networks, Fuzzy Logic, and Genetic
Algorithms, PHI.
5. Rao and Rao : C++ Neural Networks & Fuzzy Logic, BPB.
6. Timothy Ross : Fuzzy Logic with Engineering Applications, Third
Edition,Wily Publications, 2010.
7. Russel C. Eberhart, Yuhui Shi : Computational Intelligence: Concepts to
Implementation, Morgan Kaufman, 2007

10
 Multiagent Decision Making Systems

Paper Code: CSA 105

Objectives: The main objective of the course is to provide understanding of distributed artificial
intelligence and multiagent systems, applications, agent communication protocols and tools and
techniques for developing multiagent decision making systems. After going through the course the
candidate will be capable of undertaking research in developing any multiagent decision making
system.

Note :
• The Question paper will consist of four units.
• Examiner will set total of nine questions comprising two questions from each unit and one
compulsory question of short answer type covering whole syllabi.
• The students are required to attempt one question from each unit and the compulsory
question.
• All questions carry equal marks.

UNIT - I
Agents and Multiagent Systems : Limitation of artificial intelligence (AI), introduction and
advantages of distributed AI, agents, multiagent systems (MAS), applications, agent oriented
programming, examples of agents and multiagent systems
Agent Communication : Communication levels, message types, KQML (Knowledge Query and
Manipulation Language), KIF (Knowledge Interchange Format), ontologies, agent interaction
protocol, co-ordination and co-operation protocols, contract nets, and black board systems.

UNIT - II
Distributed Model for Decision Support : Introduction, agent architecture for distributed decision
support system, Case Studies from various areas such as Traffic Management, resource
management, ecommerce and disaster management.
Artificial Neural Networks: Introduction to Artificial Neural Networks, Neural Networks
Architectures, Supervised and Unsupervised Learning, Perceptron, Back Propagation Networks and
Associative Memory.

UNIT - III
Fuzzy Logic: Introduction, Basic Concepts of Fuzzy Logic, Fuzzy Sets, Fuzzy Relations, Fuzzy
Graphs, and Fuzzy Arithmetic, Fuzzy If-Then Rules, Fuzzy Implications and Approximate
Reasoning, Fuzzy Logic in Control Engineering, Fuzzy Logic and Artificial Intelligence, Fuzzy
Logic in Database Management and Information Systems, Fuzzy Logic in Pattern Recognition,
Neuro-Fuzzy Systems, Genetic Algorithms and Fuzzy Logic.
Genetic Algorithms: Fundamentals, Encoding, Fitness function, Reproduction, Inheritance
Operators, Crossover, Inversion and Deletion, Mutation Operator, and Bit-wise Operators;
applications

UNIT - IV
Bayesian Networks: Reasoning under uncertainty, Bayesian Networks, Inference in Bayesian
Networks, Decision Networks, and Applications of Bayesian Networks.
Programming using agent development and decision making tools: Features, applications and
programming using JADE (Java Agent Development Environment), Java agents, Java agent
framework, MATLAB, SCILAB, WEKA, and GENIE, for developing multiagent decision making
systems

11
Suggested Readings:
1. Reza Langari, John Yen : Fuzzy Logic: Intelligence, Control, and Information, 1st
Edition, Pearson (Chapters 1-8, 11-13, 16, 17)
2. Laurene V. Fausett : Fundamentals of Neural Networks: Architectures, Algorithms
And Applications, 1993, Prentice Hall. (Chapters 1-6)
3. Timothy Ross : Fuzzy Logic with Engineering Applications, 3rd Edition 2010,
Wiley
4. Kevin B Korb, Ann Nicholson, : Bayesian Artificial Intelligence, 2004, Chapman & Hall/CRC.
Korb B Korb (Chapters 1-5)
5. Russell C. Eberhart, Yuhui Shi : Computational Intelligence: Concepts to Implementation, 1st
Edition, 2007. Morgan Kaufman
6. David hand, Heikki Mannila, : Principles of Data Mining, PHI
Padhraic Smyth
7. S Rajasekharan, G.A. : Neural Networks, Fuzzy Logic and Genetic Agorithms, PHI
Vijayalakshmi Pai
8. Gerhard Weiss : Multiagent Systems edited by, MIT press 1999.
9. Amos Gilat : Amos Gilat, MATLAB: An Introduction with Applications,
3rd Edition, 2008, Wiley

12
 Image Processing and Computer Vision
Paper Code: CSA 106

Objectives: The course enables the students to learn fundamentals of Image processing and
computer vision. The candidate after going through the course will be capable of performing research
in image processing and computer vision and can develop required algorithms using Matlab and
other image processing and computer vision tools.

Note :
• The Question paper will consist of four units.
• Examiner will set total of nine questions comprising two questions from each unit and one
compulsory question of short answer type covering whole syllabi.
• The students are required to attempt one question from each unit and the compulsory
question.
• All questions carry equal marks.
UNIT - I
Introduction to Image Processing: Digital Image Processing, Elements of Image Processing
Systems—Image Acquisition, Processing, Communication, Display.
Digital Image Fundamentals:
Uniform and Non-uniform Sampling and Quantization, Basic Relationships between pixels—
Neighbours of a pixel, Connectivity, Distance Measures, Imaging Geometry—Perspective
transformations, Camera Model, Stereo Imaging.
UNIT - II
Image Transforms: Introduction to Fourier Transform, Discrete Fourier Transform, Properties of
the Two – Dimensional Fourier Transform, The Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), Inverse FFT, Walsh,
Hadamard and Discrete Cosine Transforms.
Image Enhancement: Histogram Processing, Image Averaging, Smoothing Filters, Sharpening
Filters, Low Pass and High Pass Filtering, Generation of Spatial Masks from frequency Domain
Specifications, Colour Image Processing—Colours Fundamentals, Colour Models, Pseudo-Colour
image processing.

UNIT – III
Image Restoration: Degradation Model, Circulant and Non-circulant Matrices, Algebraic
Approach to Restoration, Inverse Filtering, Wiener Filter, Constrained Least Square Restoration,
Geometric Transformations.
Image Compression: Fundamentals, Image Compression models and techniques, Low
Compression, Image Compressions standards.
Image Segmentation, Representation and Description: Detection of Discontinuities, Edge
Linking and Boundary Detection, Hough Transform, Thresholding, Region Oriented Segmentation;
Fundamentals of Image Representation and Description
UNIT - IV
Pattern Recognition and Computer Vision: Fundamentals, Applications, feature extraction
techniques including Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Local Binary patterns (LBP), Euclidean
distance; Classification techniques including Decision Trees, Support Vector Machines, and
Artificial Neural Networks; Image Interpretation and Content based Retrieval
Using Image Processing and Computer Vision Tools: Standard and open source tools including
MATLAB, SCILAB, OpenCV, Programming using PYTHON, implementation of image processing
and computer vision algorithms using these tools

Suggested Readings:
1. Rafael C. Gonzalez, Richard : Digital Image Processing, MGatesmark Publishing, 2009.
E.Woods, Steven L. Eddins
2. Jain, Anil K. : Fundamentals of Digital Image Processing, Pearson.
3. Jensen, John R. : Introductory Digital Image Processing, Prentice Hall.
4. Dougherty, Edward R. : Image Processing Digital Techniques.

13
 Educational Technologies and Advance Database Systems

Paper Code: CSA 107

Objectives: The main objective of the course is to provide a deep and systematic understanding of
processes involved in conducting research in the area of advanced educational technologies. The
course aims to equip the researchers with the fundamental concepts of database design
methodologies required for the research areas in educational technologies.

Note :
• The Question paper will consist of four units.
• Examiner will set total of nine questions comprising two questions from each unit and one
compulsory question of short answer type covering whole syllabi.
• The students are required to attempt one question from each unit and the compulsory
question.
• All questions carry equal marks.
UNIT - I
Basics of Educational Technology: Concept and evolution of educational technology and
information and communication technologies, components, architecture, models, characteristics of
advanced learning and e-knowledge, dynamic content generation and management: services and
technology.

Instruction, Communication, Media and Learning Designs: Changing trends to virtual/online

interaction and Semantic Web; significance, critical perspective and use of design patterns for
advanced learning; developing taxonomy for learning designs, learning design representations to
document, model and share teaching practices.

UNIT - II
Instructional Designs: General Guidelines for Instruction Design, Programmed instruction,
Keller’s plan, mastery learning, collaborative instruction, cooperative instruction, large group
instructions, basic content research methodologies, Designing instructions for dissemination of
information, the Dimensions of an Instructional Design Knowledge Base , General Systems Theory.

Standards for Advanced Educational Technology: SCROM, IMS etc; Principled construction
and reuse of advance educational applications using standards, Design, Development and Evaluation
of applications using techniques, Policies and priority areas of recent trends in Learning Systems.

UNIT - III
Introduction to Database Systems: Database System Applications, Normalization: 1NF, 2NF,
3NF, BCNF, 4NF and 5NF, SQL Queries, Database Users and Administrators, Transactions and its
properties, Serializability: Conflict serializability, View serializability, Testing for serializability,
Concurrency Control Techniques: Lock-Based Protocols, Timestamp Based Protocols, Validation
based Protocol.

Recovery Systems and Oracle Concepts: Failure Classification, Storage Structure: Types, Stable
Storage Implementation, Data Access, Log Based Recovery, Advanced recovery Techniques:
Logical Undo Logging, Transaction Rollback, Checkpoints, Remote Backup Systems.

Introduction to SQL*PLUS, referential Integrity, SQL*PLUS Reports, Introduction to PL/SQL,

Cursors, triggers, Procedures, Functions, packages, Large Objects, Creating Users, Remote Data
Access.

UNIT - IV

14
Indexing and Concurrency Control: Types of Single-Level Ordered Indexes, Multilevel Indexes,
Dynamic Multilevel Indexes Using B-Tress and B+Trees, Locking Techniques of Concurrency
Control and Concurrency Control techniques Based on Timestamp Ordering
Distributed Databases- Distributed Data Storage, Network Transparency, Distributed Query
Processing, Distributed transaction Model, Commit Protocols, Coordinator selection, Deadlock
detection, recovery and handling

Suggested Readings:

1. D'Antoni, S. & Savage, C. (2009) : Open Educational Resources: Conversations in Cyberspace.

New York: United Nations Educational, Scientific and
Cultural Organization.
2. Ehlers, U.D. & Schneckenberg, D. : Changing Cultures in Higher Education: Moving Ahead to
(2010) Future Learning. London: Springer.
3. Jonassen, D.H. (ed) (2003) : Learning to Solve Problems with Technology: A
Constructivist Perspective, (Edition 2).
4. Merrill. Joyce, B.R., Weil, M. & : Models of Teaching, Alternative eText Formats Series,
Calhoun, E. (2009) (Edition 8). Boston: Pearson/Allyn and Bacon Publishers.
5. Kanvaria, V. K. (2014) : A Comprehension on Educational Technology and ICT for
Education.
6. Ledford, B.R. & Sleeman, P.J. : Instructional Design: A Primer. Greenwich: Information Age
(2001) Publishing. Leonard, D.C. (2002). Learning theories: A to Z.
Westport: Greenwood Publishing Group.
7. Lori Lockyer, Sue Bennett : Learning designs and Learning Objects Issues, Applications
and Technologies Volume II , Information Science Press
8. A. Silberschatz, H.F Korth and S. : Database System Concepts, 3rd ed,1997, McGraw-Hill and
Sudarshan International Edition.
9. R.Elmasri and S.B Navathe : Fundamentals of database Systems 3rd edition.
10. C.J date : An introduction to Database Systems 7th ed., Addison-Wesley,
Low Priced Edition,2000

15
 Mobile Communication and Android Application Development

Paper Code: CSA 108

Objectives: The course will familiarize the researchers with concepts about mobile communication,
its architecture, protocols, and mobile databases. It will also enable them to develop variety of mobile
applications using Android.

Note :
• The Question paper will consist of four units.
• Examiner will set total of nine questions comprising two questions from each unit and one
compulsory question of short answer type covering whole syllabi.
• The students are required to attempt one question from each unit and the compulsory
question.
• All questions carry equal marks.

UNIT - I
Mobile communication: Mobile computing architecture, Mobile Devices, Mobile System
Networks: Cellular, WLAN, Ad hoc networks; GSM: Services and System Architecture, Radio
Interfaces, Localization, Calling, Handover, Security; CDMA: Architecture, Spread Spectrum,
Coding Methods; GPRS: Introduction, system Architecture; Introduction to EDGE, LTE.

UNIT - II
Mobile database: Database hoarding techniques, Data Caching, Client Server computing: 2-tier and
3-tier client server architecture; Transactional models, Query processing, Data Recovery process;
Classification of Data delivery mechanism: Push based, pull based, Hybrid; Selective tuning and
indexing technique, comparative study of various Mobile Operating systems.

UNIT – III
Android Application Development: Android architecture, Android versions and its feature set,
Android Market application store, installation of tools and SDK for developing Android
applications, Using Android Documentation, Working with Android Emulator.
Building Android Applications: life cycle of an activity, creating User Interface (UI),working with
activities, intents, dialogs, fragments etc., applying styles and themes to activities, displaying
pictures and menus with views, managing application resources, configuring the Android Manifest
file, registering activities, designating the launch activity, managing application permissions.

UNIT - IV
Android Data Persistence: saving simple data, writing and reading files in internal and external
storage, Creating and using a SQLite database, building data base applications.
Android Networking: obtaining geographical data using GPS, Cell-ID, and Wi-Fi triangulation,
monitoring for a location, building a Location Tracker application, connecting to web, using JSON
web services: Publishing Android Applications.

16
Suggested Readings:
1. Kamal, Raj : Mobile Computing, Oxford Higher Education.
2. Jochen Schiller : “Mobile Communications”, PHI/Pearson
Education, Second Edition.
3. Uwe Hansmann, Lothar Merk, : “Principles of Mobile Computing”, Springer, New
Martin S. Nicklons and Thomas York, 2003.
Stober
4. Reto Meier : Professional Android 2 Application Development,
Wrox Publications.
5. Wei-Meng Lee : Beginning Android Application
Development,Wiley Publications.

6. Shane Conder, Lauren Darcey : Sams Teach Yourself Android™ Application

Development in 24 Hours.

17
 Parallel and Distributed Computing

Paper Code: CSA 109

Objectives: The course enables students to learn details of parallel and distributed computing. After
completing the course, the candidate will be capable of performing research in parallel and distributed
computing.

Note :
• The Question paper will consist of four units.
• Examiner will set total of nine questions comprising two questions from each unit and one
compulsory question of short answer type covering whole syllabi.
• The students are required to attempt one question from each unit and the compulsory question.
• All questions carry equal marks.

UNIT – I
Parallel Computing: Taxonomy of parallel processing. Parallel techniques and paradigms; Abstract
models of parallel machines; Strategies and paradigms for parallel algorithm design; Correlations of
algorithmic to architectural spaces;
UNIT – II
Design methodologies for parallel algorithms for parallel computing platforms; Designing parallel
algorithms for various application areas: linear algebra, matrix multiplication, sorting, PDE, graphs,
combinatorial search, document classification;

Design methodologies for parallel genetic algorithms parallel programming with MPI, Parallel
programming with OpenMP, Hybrid parallel programming MPI+OpenMP.
Multithreaded programming, Parallel program benchmarking, Parallelism profiling

UNIT – III
Cluster Computing: The Role of Clusters, Architecture and Cluster Software, Network Hardware,
Network Software, Protocols, Distributed File Systems, Virtualization technologies, Benchmarks

Grid Computing: Role of a Grid, infrastructure, Grid Architecture, Overview of Resource Managers,
Application Management; Grid Application Description Languages, Application Partitioning, Meta-
scheduling, Mapping ,Monitoring, Web Services, Grid Portals.
UNIT – IV
Cloud Computing: Fundamentals, private, Public and hybrid clouds, characteristics, examples, and
applications, difference between cloud computing and distributed computing

Suggested Readings:
1. Grama A., Gupta A., Karypis G., : Introduction to Parallel Computing, PEARSON, Addison
Kumar V Wesley
2. Barry Wilkinson, Michael Allen : Parallel Programming Techniques and Applications
Using Networked Workstations and Parallel Computers
Pearson Prentice Hall .
3. Haupt R., S. Haupt : Practical Genetic Algorithms, Wiley Interscience, A John
Wiley & Sons
4. M. Quinn : Parallel Programming in C with MPI and OpenMP,
McGraw Hill
5. Hwang K., Zhiwei X. : Scalable Parallel Computing: Technology, Architecture,
Programming, McGraw-Hill.
6. Timothy Chou : Fundamentals of Cloud Computing, Cloudbook, Inc.,
2015

18
 Data Mining and Data Warehousing

Paper Code: CSA 110

Objectives : This course will introduce concepts and techniques of data mining and data
warehousing, including concept, principle, architecture, design, implementation, application of data
warehousing and data mining. Some systems for data warehousing and/or data mining will also be
introduced to study the methodology of engineering legacy databases for data warehousing and data
mining to derive business rules for decision support systems.

Note :
• The Question paper will consist of four units.
• Examiner will set total of nine questions comprising two questions from each unit and one
compulsory question of short answer type covering whole syllabi.
• The students are required to attempt one question from each unit and the compulsory
question.
• All questions carry equal marks.
UNIT - I
Introduction : Data Warehousing, Characteristics of a Data Warehouse.
Developing Data Warehouse: Building a Data Warehouse, Data Warehouse architectural
strategies, Design considerations, metadata, Tools for Data Warehousing, performance &
Technological considerations, Crucial decisions in Designing a Data Warehouse.
UNIT - II
Security : Security in Data Warehouses, Difficulties in implementation of Data Warehouses, Open
issues in data Warehouses.
Data Marts: Data Marts, Types of Data Marts, Developing Data Mart based Data Warehouses.
UNIT - III
OLTP and OLAP Systems: Data Modeling, Star Schema for multidimensional view, Snowflake
schema
OLAP tools, Managed Query Environment. OLTP versus OLAP.

UNIT - IV
Data Mining : Introduction, Steps of Data Mining Process, Types of Data Mining Tasks,
Data Mining Algorithms : Association (Aprior Algorithm) a nd Classification (Decision Tree
Induction),
Back propagation Neural Network, Clustering, Tools for Data Mining.
Programming Using Standard & Open Source Data Warehousing and Data Mining Tools like
ORACLE Data Mining, Hdoop and MATLAB.

Suggested Readings:
1. Cornel and Rao : “Database Principles” Cengage, Publications.
2. Benson Alex and Smith Stephen : Data Warehousing, Data Mining and OLAP,TMH.
J.
3. Jiawei Han, Micheline Kamber, : Data Mining : Concepts and Techniques,
2000 Morgan Koffman Elscvier.
4. Inmon, W.H., 1999 : Managing the Data Warehouse, C. L. Gassey, John
Wiley.
5. Pujari, Arun K. : Data Mining Techniques, University Press.
6. Mattison, 1999 : Data Warehousing and Knowledge Management, Tata
McGraw Hill.
7. Fayyad, Usama M.,1996 : Advances in Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining,
MIT Press.
8. Elmasi & Navathe : “Fundamentals of Database Systems” Pearson
Education.

19
 Simulation & Modeling

Paper Code: CSA 111

Objectives: The course aim to apprise the researchers with simulation and modeling techniques for
effective research. After going through the course, the candidate will be able to choose and apply
these techniques for their research areas.

Note :
• The Question paper will consist of four units.
• Examiner will set total of nine questions comprising two questions from each unit and one
compulsory question of short answer type covering whole syllabi.
• The students are required to attempt one question from each unit and the compulsory
question.
• All questions carry equal marks.
UNIT - I
Introduction to Simulation: Simulation: Concepts, Areas of Application, Systems and System
Environment, Components of a system, Discrete and Continuous Systems, Model of a System,
Types of Models, Discrete-Event System Simulation, Steps in a Simulation Study.

System Studies: Subsystems, A Corporate Model, Environment Segment, Production Segment,

Management Segment, The Full Corporate Model, Types of System Study, System Analysis, System
Design, System Postulation.
UNIT - II
System Simulation: The Technique of Simulation, The Monte Carlo Method, Comparison of
Simulation and Analytical Methods, Experimental Nature of Simulation, Types of System
Simulation, Numerical Computation Technique for Continuous Models, Distributed Lag Models,
Cobweb Models.

System Dynamics: Exponential Growth Models, Exponential Decay Models, Modified Exponential
Growth Models, Logistic Curves, System Dynamics Diagrams, Simple System Dynamics Diagrams,
Multi-Segment Models, Representation of Time Delays.
UNIT – III
Probability Concepts in Simulation: Stochastic Variables, Discrete Probability Functions,
Continuous Probability Functions, Measures of Probability Functions, Numerical Evaluation of
Continuous Probability Functions, Continuous Uniformly Distributed Random Numbers, Computer
Generation of Random Numbers, A Uniform Random Number Generator, Generating Discrete
Distributions, Non-Uniform Continuously Distributed Random Numbers, The Rejection Method.

Arrival Patterns and Service Times: Congestion in Systems, Arrival Patterns, Poisson Arrival
Patterns, The Exponential Distribution, The Coefficient of Variation, The Erlang Distribution, The
Hyper-Exponential Distribution, Service Times, The Normal Distribution, Queuing Disciplines,
Queuing notation, Measures of Queues, Mathematical Solutions of Queuing Problems.

UNIT - IV
Discrete System Simulation: Discrete Events, Representation of Time, Generation of Arrival
Patterns, Case Study of System Simulations, Simulation Programming Tasks, Gathering Statistics,
Counters and Summary Statistics, Measuring Utilization and Occupancy, Recording Distributions
and Transit Times, Discrete Simulation Languages.

Input Modelling: Data Collection, Identifying the Distribution with Data, Parameter Estimation,
Selecting Input Models without Data.

20
Visualization: Fundamentals, techniques and applications.

Finite Element Analysis: Finite Element method and practical application to different problems

Simulation Software: Simulation in C++,Other open source simulations tools like NS3

Suggested Readings:
1. Averil,M.Law, W. David Kelton : Simulation Modeling and Analysis, 3/e,Mc Graw
Hill Publications 2000.
2. C.S. Krishnamoorthy : Finite Element Analysis: Theory and
Programming.
3. Jerry Banks, “Handbook of : Principles, Methodology, Advances,
Simulation Applications, and Practice”, John Wiley & Sons,
Inc., 1998.
4. George S. Fishman : “Discrete-Event Simulation: Modeling,
Programming and Analysis”, Springer-Verlag
New York, Inc., 2001.
5. Andrew F. Seila, Vlatko Ceric, : “Applied Simulation Modeling”, Thomson
Pandu Tadikamalla Learning Inc., 2003.

21
 Network Technologies
Paper Code: CSA 112

Objectives: This challenging and comprehensive course provides a broad perspective on the
networks and related technologies.

Note :
• The Question paper will consist of four units.
• Examiner will set total of nine questions comprising two questions from each unit and one
compulsory question of short answer type covering whole syllabi.
• The students are required to attempt one question from each unit and the compulsory
question.
• All questions carry equal marks.

UNIT - I
Overview of wireless networks: Introduction to wireless communication, Cellular Networks and
generations, IEEE 802.11, IEEE 802.16 and IEEE 802.20.
IPv6: Basic protocol, extensions and options, support for Quality of Service (QoS), security,
neighbor discovery, auto-configuration, routing.

UNIT - II
Traffic Management: Economic Framework, Traffic Models, Traffic Classes, Scheduling,
Admission Control, Peak Load Pricing.
QoS and Security issues: Network security requirements, issues and challenges in security and
QoS provisioning, classifications of QoS solutions, IP security overview, IP Security Architecture.

UNIT – III
Mobility in networks: Mobile IP and related issues like Route Optimization, Handoff and
Security.
Mobile Ad hoc Networks (MANETs): Introduction to Ad hoc wireless networks and sensor
networks, Various MANET issues.
UNIT – IV
Transport layer: Various transport layer solutions and TCP over Ad hoc wireless networks, TCP
extensions for high-speed networks, other new options in TCP, TCP in Wireless Domain.
Network Simulation: Elements of queuing model, role of exponential distribution, Event graphs
of queuing model, Discrete-event and Continuous Simulation, Introduction to NS3 and Qualnet.

Suggested Readings:
1. William Stallings : Wireless Communication and Networks, Pearson
2. C. Siva Ram Murthy and B. S : Adhoc Wireless Networks-Architecture and
Manoj Protocols, Pearson Education
3. W. R. Stevens : TCP/IP Illustrated, Vol. 1, Pearson Education
4. M. Gonsalves and K. Niles : IPv6 Networks, McGraw Hill
5. S. Keshav : An Engineering Approach to Computer
Networking, Pearson Education
6. Kamal, Raj : Mobile Computing, Oxford Higher Education.
7. Jochen Schiller : Mobile Communications, PHI/Pearson Education,
Second Edition.
8. Requests for Comments (RFCs) & : Published by Internet Engineering Task Force
Internet Drafts (www.rfc-editor.org)
9. Journals: IEEE Journal on Selected : IEEE Transactions on Communication,
Areas in Communications ACM/IEEE Transactions on Networking.

22
 Machine Learning Techniques

Paper Code: CSA 113

Objectives: The goal of this course is to provide PhD students with an understanding of basic
concepts of Machine Learning techniques.
.

Note :
• The Question paper will consist of four units.
• Examiner will set total of nine questions comprising two questions from each unit and one
compulsory question of short answer type covering whole syllabi.
• The students are required to attempt one question from each unit and the compulsory
question.
• All questions carry equal marks.

Course Outcomes :
Students will have the knowledge and skills to:
● Demonstrate knowledge of Machine Learning fundamentals and their role in real-life
applications.
● Implement Machine Learning based problems for medium and large scale datasets.
● Data Normalization, Regression, Classification, Clustering, Dimension reduction and Deep
Learning.

UNIT I
1. Introduction to Machine Learning
Motivation and role of machine learning in computer science and problem solving, History and
importance of machine learning, Role of data, Connection to the knowledge /experience in learning.

2. Machine Learning Essentials

Programming framework for machine learning, essentials of Mathematics in machine learning, role
of data visualization and feature extraction machine learning, recent tools in machine learning.

UNIT II
3. Data Preprocessing and Regression
Understanding of data and its preprocessing, normalizing data, regression role in machine learning,
multiple and polynomial regression, support vector regression, decision tree regression and random
forest regression.

4. Classification
Classification in machine Learning, Logistic classifier, Naive Bayes classification, k nearest
neighbor classifier, neural network classification, support vector classification, decision tree
classification and random forest classification.

23
 UNIT III
5. Clustering and Data Reduction
Role of clustering and data reduction in machine learning, k means and hierarchical clustering,
principal component analysis and linear discriminant analysis.

6. Natural Language Processing

Natural Language Processing - Problems and perspectives, Computational Phonetics and Speech
Processing, Tokenisation and Sentence splitting, Computational Morphology, Computational
Syntax, Computational Semantics, Introduction of large language models.

UNIT IV
7. Deep Learning - I
Deep Learning requirements and implementation, common deep learning techniques as
convolutional neural networks and recurrent neural networks.

8. Deep Learning - II
Generative Adversarial Network, LSTM, embeddings, word-vectors, transformers and attention
based networks, transfer learning, autoencoders, Deep Reinforcement Learning.

Suggested Readings:
1. YoshuaBengio, Ian Goodfellow, Aaron Courville, “Deep Learning (Adaptive Computation
and ML Series)”, MIT Press, 2016.
2. EthemAlpaydin, “"Introduction to Machine Learning”, MIT Press, 2020.
3. Kevin P. Murphy, "Machine Learning: A Probabilistic Perspective", MIT Press, 2012.
4. Andreas C. Müller, Sarah Guido, “Introduction to Machine Learning with Python”, First
Edition, O’Reilly Media, Inc., 2016.
5. AurélienGéron, “Hands-on ML with Scikit-Learn, Keras&TensorFlow”, Second Edition,
O’Reilly Media, Inc., 2017.
6. Christopher Bishop, “Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning”, Springer, 2006.
7. Sebastian Raschka and VahidMirjalili, “Python Machine Learning”, Packt, 2017.

24