TARGET – 50/80

MINIMUM LEARNING MATERIAL

CLASS – XII
Prepared by Biswajit Patra , Pinaki Chakraborty
Sl no Day Topics Marks

1 1 Relation and functions 5

2 Inverse trigonometric function 2
3 2 Ddeterminants /matrix 2
4 Solution of equations using matrix 5
method
5 3 Continuity and differentiability 3
6 4 Differentiation/higher order derivative 3
7 5 Rate measure 2/3
8 Increasing & decreasing functions 3
9 6 Word problems maxima/minima 4
(case based)
10 7 Area of bounded region 5
11 8 Vectors 2/3
12 Shortest distance between Skew lines 5
13 9 Linear programming 3
14 10 Baye’s Theorem (case based) 4
15 MCQ 5
Total Marks 53

MINIMUM LEARNING MATERIAL

TARGET – 50
Relation and functions (5 Marks)
1. Let R be the set of real numbers, S and T are two relation defined on R by
𝑆 = {(𝑥, 𝑦): 𝑦 = 𝑥 + 1} and 𝑇 = {(𝑥, 𝑦): 𝑥 − 𝑦 𝑖𝑠 𝑎𝑛 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑔𝑒𝑟} prove that T is
equivalence relation but S is not.
2. Show that the relation 𝑅 = {(𝑥, 𝑦): |𝑥 − 𝑦| 𝑖𝑠 𝑑𝑖𝑣𝑖𝑠𝑖𝑏𝑙𝑒 𝑏𝑦 3} is equivalence
relation on set Z of all integers. Find [2], the equivalence class of 2.
3. The relation R on N X N defined by (𝑎, 𝑏)𝑅(𝑐, 𝑑) ⇔ 𝑎 + 𝑑 = 𝑏 + 𝑐 ∀ 𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐, 𝑑 ∈ 𝑁
. prove that R is an equivalence relation. Find equivalence class [(2,5)].
 4. The relation R on N X N defined by (𝑎, 𝑏)𝑅(𝑐, 𝑑) ⇔ 𝑎𝑑 = 𝑏𝑐 ∀ 𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐, 𝑑 ∈ 𝑁 .
prove that R is an equivalence relation. Find equivalence class [(3,4)].
5. The relation R on N X N defined by
(𝑎, 𝑏)𝑅(𝑐, 𝑑) ⇔ 𝑎𝑑(𝑏 + 𝑐) = 𝑏𝑐(𝑎 + 𝑑) ∀ 𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐, 𝑑 ∈ 𝑁 . prove that R is an
equivalence relation.
6. Let 𝑅1 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑅2 are two equivalence relation on a set A, show that 𝑅1 ∩ 𝑅2 is also
an equivalence relation on A.
𝑥−2
7. Let 𝐴 = 𝑅 − {3} and B = R-{1}. A function 𝑓: 𝐴 → 𝐵 defined by 𝑓(𝑥) = . Is f is
𝑥−3
one one and onto.. show your work.
𝑥
8. Show that the function 𝑓: 𝑅 → (−1,1) defined by 𝑓(𝑥) = , 𝑥 ∈ 𝑅 is one one or
1+⌈𝑥⌉
onto.
Inverse trigonometric function (2 marks)
1 1
1. Find the principal value of 𝑐𝑜𝑠 −1 2 + 2𝑠𝑖𝑛−1 2
𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 𝜋 𝑥
2. Prove : 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 (
1−𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥
)= 4+2
1
3. Prove 𝑐𝑜𝑡 −1 (
√𝑥 2 −1
) = 𝑠𝑒𝑐 −1 𝑥
4. Find the value of 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 √3 − 𝑠𝑒𝑐 −1 (−2)
1
5. Find the value of 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 [2𝑐𝑜𝑠 (2𝑠𝑖𝑛−1 )]
2
3𝜋
6. Find the value 𝑠𝑖𝑛 −1
(𝑠𝑖𝑛 8
)
7. Find the domain of 𝑦 = 𝑠𝑖𝑛−1 (2𝑥 − 1)
8. Draw the graph of (a) 𝑦 = 𝑠𝑖𝑛−1 𝑥 (b) 𝑦 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠 −1 𝑥 (c) 𝑦 = 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 𝑥
(d) 𝑦 = 𝑠𝑖𝑛−1 2𝑥 (e) 𝑦 = 2𝑠𝑖𝑛−1 𝑥

II.Solution of equations using matrix method (5 marks)

9. Using matrix method, solve the following system of equations :
2𝑥 – 𝑦 + 𝑧 = 3 , − 𝑥 + 2𝑦 – 𝑧 = − 4 , 𝑥 – 2𝑦 + 2𝑧 = 1
10. Using matrix method, solve the following system of equations :
𝑥 + 2𝑦 – 3𝑧 = − 4 , 2𝑥 + 3𝑦 + 2𝑧 = 2 , 3𝑥 – 3𝑦 – 4𝑧 = 11
11. Solve the following system of equations, using matrices :
2 3 10 4 6 5 6 9 20
+ + = 4, − + = 1, + − = 2
𝑥 𝑦 𝑧 𝑥 𝑦 𝑧 𝑥 𝑦 𝑧
1 −2 0
12. Find 𝐴−1 , where A = [2 1 3], Hence, solve the system of linear equations :
0 −2 1
𝑥 – 2𝑦 = 10, 2𝑥 + 𝑦 + 3𝑧 = 8, − 2𝑦 + 𝑧 = 7.
 −4 4 4 1 −1 1
13. Given that A = [−7 1 3 ] and B = [1 −2 −2], find AB and use it to
5 −3 −1 2 1 3
solve the system of equations :
𝑥 – 𝑦 + 𝑧 = 4, 𝑥 – 2𝑦 – 2𝑧 = 9, 2𝑥 + 𝑦 + 3𝑧 = 1.
1 −2 0 7 2 −6
14. If A = [2 1 3] and C = [−2 1 −3]. Find AC and hence solve the
0 −2 1 −4 2 5
𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑠 𝑥 − 2 𝑦 = 10, 2 𝑥 + 𝑦 + 3 𝑧 = 8, − 2 𝑦 + 𝑧 = 7.
Case based questions ( may be taught for surprise inclusion by cbse)
1. The perimeter of a triangle is 90 cm. The longest side exceeds the shortest side by 16
cm and the sum of the lengths of the longest and shortest side is twice the length of the
other side. Use the matrix method to find the sides of the triangle.
2. The sum of three numbers is 6. If 3rd number is multiplied by 2 and first number is
added, we get 7 and by adding second and third number to 3 times the first number we
get 12. Use matrix method to find the numbers.
3. The management committee of a residential colony decided to award some of its
members (say x) for honesty, some (say y) for helping others and some others (say z)
for supervising the workers to keep the colony neat and clean. The sum of all the
awardees is 12. Three times the sum of awardees for cooperation and supervision
added to two times the number of awardees for honesty is 33. If the sum of the
number of awardees for honesty and supervision is twice the number of awardees for
helping others, using matrix method, find the number of awardees of each category.
Apart from these values, namely, honesty, cooperation and supervision, suggest one
more value which the management of the colony must include for awards.
4. A school wants to award its students for the values of Honesty, Regularity and Hard
work with a total cash award of ₹ 6,000. Three times the award money for Hard work
added to that given for Honesty amounts to ₹ 11,000.The award money given for
Honesty and Hard work together is double the one given for Regularity. Represent the
above situation algebraically and find the award money for each value, using matrix
method. Apart from these values, namely Honesty, Regularity and Hard work, suggest
one more value which the school must include for awards.

III.Continuity (3 marks)
A function f is said to be continuous at x =a if LHL = RHL = f(a)

Find the unknown constant if the functions are continuous

2𝑥 − 1, 𝑖𝑓 𝑥 < 2 2𝑥 + 1, 𝑖𝑓𝑥 < 2
𝑘𝑥 2 , 𝑥 ≤ 2
(1) 𝑓(𝑥) = { 2. 𝑓(𝑥) = {𝑎, 𝑖𝑓 𝑥=2 } (3) 𝑓(𝑥) = {𝑘, 𝑖𝑓𝑥 = 2 }
3, 𝑥 > 2
𝑥 + 1, 𝑖𝑓 𝑥 > 2 3𝑥 − 1, 𝑖𝑓𝑥 > 2
 3𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏, 𝑖𝑓𝑥 > 1 5, 𝑥 ≤ 2
(4) 𝑓(𝑥) = {11, 𝑖𝑓𝑥 = 1 } (5) 𝑓(𝑥) = {𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏, 2 < 𝑥 < 10
5𝑎𝑥 − 2𝑏, 𝑖𝑓𝑥 < 1 21, 𝑥 > 10
𝑘𝑥 + 1, 𝑥 ≤ 𝜋 𝑘(𝑥 2 + 2), 𝑖𝑓 𝑥 ≤ 0
(6) 𝑓(𝑥) = (7) 𝑓(𝑥) =
𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑥 , 𝑖𝑓𝑥 > 𝜋 3𝑥 + 1, 𝑖𝑓 𝑥 > 0

𝜆(𝑥 2 − 2𝑥), 𝑖𝑓 𝑥 ≤ 0
(8) 𝑓(𝑥) =
4𝑥 + 1, 𝑖𝑓 𝑥 > 0
𝑎𝑥 + 1, 𝑥 ≤ 3
9. Find the relation between a and b so that 𝑓(𝑥) = { is continuous at x = 3.
𝑏𝑥 + 3, 𝑥 > 3
𝑥 2 + 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏, 0 ≤𝑥 < 2
10. The function 𝑓(𝑥) is defined as follows: 𝑓(𝑥) = {3𝑥 + 2, 2 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 4
2𝑎𝑥 + 5𝑏, 4 < 𝑥 ≤ 8
If 𝑓is continuous on [0,8] find the values of a and b.

Differentiation (3 marks)
Differentiate w.r. to x
(𝑥 2 +1)
(1) 𝑥 𝑥 + (𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥)𝑥 (2) (𝑥)(𝑥 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑥 ) +
𝑥−1
𝑑𝑦 𝑦(𝑥−𝑦)
3) ( 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑥) 𝑦 = ( 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑦 )𝑥 (4) 𝑥 𝑦 = 𝑒 𝑥−𝑦 Show that =
𝑑𝑥 𝑥2
1
(5) (𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑥 )𝑥 + (𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑥 ) 𝑥 (6) (𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥)𝑥 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛−1 √𝑥
𝑑𝑦 1
(7) If 𝑥 √1 + 𝑦 + 𝑦√1 + 𝑥 = 0, then show that =−
𝑑𝑥 (1+𝑥)2
𝑑𝑦 1−𝑦 2
(8) if √1 − 𝑥 2 + √1 − 𝑦 2 = 𝑎(𝑥 − 𝑦) then prove that = √
𝑑𝑥 1−𝑥 2
IV. Derivative as measure of Rate of change (2/3 marks)
(1) A balloon which always remains spherical, is being inflated by pumping in 900 cubic centimetres of
gas per second. Find the rate at which the radius of the balloon is increasing when the radius is 15
cm.
(2) The length x of a rectangle is decreasing at the rate of 5 cm/minute and the width y is increasing at
the rate of 4cm/minute. When x = 8 cm and y = 6 cm, find the rate of change of (a) the perimeter,
(b) the area of the rectangle.
(3) A man 2 metres high walks at a uniform speed of 5 km/hr away from a lamp-post 6 metres high.
Find the rate at which the length of his shadow increases.
(4) A particle moves along the curve 𝑦 = 𝑥 3 . Find the points on the curve at which the y-coordinate
changes three times more rapidly than the x-coordinate.
(5) Sand is pouring from a pipe at the rate of 12 cm3 /s. The falling sand forms a cone on the ground in
such a way that the height of the cone is always one-sixth of the radius of the base. How fast is the
height of the sand cone increasing when the height is 4 cm?
(6) The two equal sides of an isosceles triangle with fixed base b are decreasing at the rate of 3 cm per
second. How fast is the area decreasing when the two equal sides are equal to the base ?
 (7) Water is leaking from a conical funnel at the rate of 5 cm /s. If the radius of the base of funnel is 5
cm and height 10 cm, find the rate at which the water level is dropping when it is 2.5 cm from the
top.
(8) Two men A and B start with velocities v at the same time from the junction of two roads inclined at
45o to each other. If they travel by different roads, find the rate at which they are being separated.
(9) The total cost associated with the production of x units of an item is given by
𝐶(𝑥) = 0.007𝑥 3 – 0.003𝑥 2 + 15𝑥 + 4000. Find the marginal cost when 17 units are produced,
where by marginal cost we mean the instantaneous rate of change of the total cost at any level of
output.
(10) Find an angle x which increases twice as fast as its sine.

V. Increasing & decreasing functions (3 marks)

1. Find the intervals in which the function f(x) = 2x3 – 9 x2 +12x+15 is increasing and decreasing.
2. Find the intervals in which the function f(x) = 2x3+ 9 x2 +12x+20 is increasing and decreasing.
3. Find the intervals in which the function f(x) = 2x3 - 15x2 +36x+17 is increasing and decreasing.
4. Find the intervals in which the function f(x) = x3- 12x2 +36x+17 is increasing and decreasing.
5. Find the intervals in which the function f(x) = 20 – 9x+6x2 – x3 is increasing and decreasing.
6. Find the intervals in which the function f(x) = (x – 1)3 (x – 2)2 is increasing and decreasing.
1
7. Find the intervals in which the function f(x) = x3 + is increasing and decreasing.
𝑥3
8. Find the intervals in which the function f(x) = sin x – cos x,0 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 2𝜋is increasing and
decreasing
4 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜃 𝜋
9. Prove that 𝑦 = − 𝜃 is an increasing function in [0, )
2+𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜃 2
2𝑥
10. Show that y = log(1+x) - , x > -1 is an increasing function of x , throughout its domain.
2+𝑥

VI. Word problems maxima/minima (4/5marks)

1. Aditya wants to prepare a handmade gift box for birthday of his friend. For the lower portion
of the box he took a square card board of side 20 cm. then he removed four equal square
from each corner and foldup along the crease. Now answer the following question

(a) If the length of sides of the removed square is taken as x, find domain of x.
(b) Find the volume V of open box in terms of x
(c) For what value pf x volume of box will be maximum and what is maximum volume.
2. An advertiser wants to design two hoarding one is circular and other is square. The total
perimeter is 28 m . Based on the above information answer following questions
 (a) If r and x be the radius of circle and side of square. Find relation between r and x.
(b) Write combined area in terms of x.
(c) For what value of x combined area will be minimum.
3. Priyanka is very fond of ice cream cone. She selected an ice cream of slant height of 110 mm
as shown in figure. She wants to calculate the criteria for maximum volume of cream. Help
her by answering the following questions

(a) If 𝛼 is the semi vertical angle of

cone. Find radius and height of cone
(b) Find volume of cone as a function of 𝛼
(c) Find value of 𝛼 for maximum volume of cream.
4. A child somehow trapped in roof of a building 27 meters high. Rescue team came and
spotted a taller building whose roof is accessible at a distance of 64 metre from that
building. They plan to rescue child by using a ladder supported to the taller building at one
end and other at ground.
 Based on the information Answer the following.

64

27

a. If 𝜃 is angle made ladder of length h with the ground then write expression of
length of ladder=h in terms of 𝜃
b. For what value of 𝜃 , h will be minimum
c. Find the minimum length of h.

5. Engine displacement is the measure of the cylinder

volume swept by all the pistons of a piston engine. The piston
moves inside the cylinder bore. The cylinder bore in the form of
circular cylinder open at the bottom is to be made from a metal
sheet of area 75𝑐𝑚2 .

Based on the above information, answer the following

questions : (1+1+2)

(i) If the radius of cylinder is r cm and height is h cm, then write

the volume V of cylinder in terms of radius r.
𝑑𝑣
(ii) find
𝑑𝑟

(iii) Find the radius of cylinder when its volume is maximum.

6. Show that the height of the cylinder of maximum volume that can be inscribed in a sphere
of radius R is 2𝑅/√3.
7. One cold drinks company operation manager wants to make cylindrical can for packing
beverages. The package should contain 392.5 ml of drinks. Based on the information
answer following questions

(a) If r and h be the height of the can find the relation between r and h.
(b) Find the total surface area of packed can.
(c) Operation manager wants to minimize production cost for making the can, what should
be radius and height for minimum total surface area. (take 𝜋 = 3.14)

8. All window of the house of Mr. Chakraborty are in the form of a

rectangle surmounted by a semi-circular opening. The total
perimeter of every window is 10 m as shown in figure
Based on the information answer the following
(a) If x and y are the length and breadth of rectangular part of the
window then find the relation between x and y.
(b) Find the expression of Area A in terms of x.
(c) Mr. Chakraborty wants to maximize the area of window for
maximum light to enter. What will be the value of x for
Maximum area. Find maximum area also.

9. For beautifying the city of Joy KOLKATA , authorities wants to make beautiful parks. There
is a circular park of radius 50 mt. inside it a rectangular children’s area has to be constructed.
This rectangular area has to be maximum. Now answer the following questions
 (a) If l and b are length and breadth of rectangular children’s area find relation between l
and b
(b) Find the expression of A, children’s area in terms of l.
(c) For what value of l , A will be maximum.
10.If the sum of the lengths of the hypotenuse and a side of a right angled triangle is given,
show that the area of the triangle is maximum when the angle between them is 𝜋/3.

VII.Definite Integrals ( If you want more marks, you can practice!!! )

𝜋 𝑥 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥
1. Evaluate : ∫0 𝑑𝑥
1+𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝑥
𝜋 𝑥
2. Evaluate : ∫0 2 2 2 2 𝑑𝑥
𝑎 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑥+𝑏 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑥
𝜋
3. Show that ∫0 (√𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥 + √𝑐𝑜𝑡𝑥 )𝑑𝑥 = √2𝜋.
𝜋 𝑥 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥
4. Evaluate : ∫0 𝑑𝑥
𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑥 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑥
𝜋 𝑥 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥
5. Evaluate : ∫0 𝑑𝑥
𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑥+𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥
𝜋
𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥+𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥
6. Evaluate: ∫04 𝑑𝑥
9+16𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝑥

5
7. Evaluate: ∫0 (|𝑥 − 2|) + |𝑥 − 3| + |𝑥 − 5|)𝑑𝑥
𝜋
1−𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝑥
8.Evaluate: ∫𝜋2 𝑒2𝑥 1−𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑥 𝑑𝑥
4

𝑎 𝑎−𝑥
9. Evaluate: ∫−𝑎 √ 𝑑𝑥
𝑎+𝑥

𝜋 𝑒 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥
10. Evaluate : ∫0 𝑑𝑥
𝑒 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 +𝑒 −𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥

VIII.Area of bounded region(2+3=5 marks)

Graphs of Conic sections and only two formulae
𝑥 𝑛+1 𝑥 𝑎2 𝑥
1. ∫ 𝑥 𝑛 𝑑𝑥 = +𝑐 2. ∫ √𝑎 2 − 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥 = √𝑎2 − 𝑥 2 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛−1 ( ) + 𝑐
𝑛+1 2 2 𝑎

1. Find the area enclosed by x = 4y -2 and parabola x 2 = 4 y

2. Find the area of triangle with vertices (4, 1), (6, 6) and (8, 4).
3. Find the area of triangle with sides y = 2x +1, y = 3x +1 and x = 4.
 4. Area of circle x 2 + y 2 = 16 in the exterior of parabola y 2 = 6 x
𝑥2 𝑦2 𝑥 𝑦
5. Find the area of the smaller region bounded by the ellipse + = 1 and line + = 1.
9 4 3 2
2
6. Find the area enclosed between the parabola y = x and line y + x = 2.
7. Find the area of the region { (x, y) : x2 +y2 ≤1 ≤ x + y }
8.find the area of the region between two circles 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 1, 𝑎𝑛𝑑 (𝑥 − 1)2 + 𝑦 2 = 1
8. find the area of the region {(𝑥, 𝑦): 0 ≤ 𝑦 ≤ 𝑥 2 + 1,0 ≤ 𝑦 ≤ 𝑥 + 1,0 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 2}
IX. VECTORS (2/3 marks)
1. Find the angle between the vectors
𝑎⃗ + 𝑏⃗⃗ 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑎⃗ − 𝑏⃗⃗ 𝑖𝑓 𝑎⃗ = 2𝑖̂ − 𝑗̂ + 3𝑘̂ 𝑎𝑛𝑑⃗⃗⃗𝑏 = 3𝑖̂ + 𝑗̂ − 2𝑘̂.
3. Find the value of 𝜆 which makes the vectors 𝑎⃗, 𝑏⃗⃗, 𝑐⃗coplanar where
𝑎⃗ = −4𝑖̂ − 6𝑗̂ − 2𝑘̂, 𝑏⃗⃗ = −𝑖̂ + 4𝑗̂ + 3𝑘̂ 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑐⃗ = −8𝑖̂ − 𝑗̂̂ + 𝜆𝑘̂.
4. Find the projection of 𝑏⃗⃗ + 𝑐⃗ 𝑜𝑛⃗⃗⃗⃗𝑎 𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑎⃗ = 𝑖̂ + 2𝑗̂ + 𝑘̂, 𝑏⃗⃗ = 𝑖̂ + 3𝑗̂ + 𝑘̂ 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑐̂ = 𝑖̂ + 𝑘̂.
5. If 𝑎⃗ = 𝑖̂ + 2𝑗̂ − 𝑘̂𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑏⃗⃗ = 3𝑖̂ + 𝑗̂ − 5𝑘̂,find a unit vector in the direction of 𝑎⃗ − 𝑏⃗⃗.
6. If |𝑎⃗| = √3, |𝑏⃗⃗| = 2𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑎⃗. 𝑏⃗⃗ = 3, 𝑓𝑖𝑛𝑑 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑙𝑒 𝑏𝑒𝑡𝑤𝑒𝑒𝑛⃗⃗⃗⃗ 𝑎 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑏⃗⃗.
7. If the vectors 𝑎⃗, 𝑏⃗⃗ 𝑎𝑛𝑑⃗⃗⃗𝑐 𝑎𝑟𝑒 𝑠𝑢𝑐ℎ 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑡⃗⃗⃗⃗𝑎 + 𝑏⃗⃗ + 𝑐⃗ = 0 𝑎𝑛𝑑 |𝑎⃗| = 3, |𝑏⃗⃗| = 5 𝑎𝑛𝑑 |𝑐⃗| = 7, find
the angle between 𝑎 ⃗⃗⃗⃗𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑏⃗⃗.
8. Find the value of p if(2𝑖̂ + 6𝑗̂ + 27𝑘̂) × (𝑖̂ + 3𝑗̂ + 𝑝𝑘̂) = 0.
9. If 𝑝⃗⃗⃗⃗𝑖𝑠 𝑎 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡 𝑣𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟 𝑎𝑛𝑑 (𝑥⃗ − 𝑝⃗⃗) . (𝑥⃗ + 𝑝⃗) = 80, 𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑛𝑓𝑖𝑛𝑑 |𝑥⃗|.
10. The scalar product of the vector 𝑖̂ + 𝑗̂ + 𝑘̂ with the unit vector along the sum of vectors 2𝑖̂ +
4𝑗̂ + 5𝑘̂
and 𝜆𝑖̂ + 2𝑗̂ + 3𝑘̂ is equal to one. Find the value of𝜆.
11. Write a vector of magnitude 9 units in the direction of vector−2𝑖̂ + 𝑗̂ + 2𝑘̂.
12. Find 𝜆 if(2𝑖̂ + 6𝑗̂ + 14𝑘̂) × (𝑖̂ − 𝜆𝑗̂ + 7𝑘̂) = 0.
13. If 𝑎⃗ = 𝑖̂ + 𝑗̂ + 𝑘̂, 𝑏⃗⃗ = 4𝑖̂ − 2𝑗̂ + 3𝑘̂ 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑐⃗ = 𝑖̂ − 2𝑗̂ + 𝑘̂ , find a vector of magnitude 6 units
which is parallel to the vector2𝑎⃗ − 𝑏⃗⃗ + 𝑐⃗.
14. Let 𝑎⃗ = 𝑖̂ + 4𝑗̂ + 2𝑘̂, 𝑏⃗⃗ = 3𝑖̂ − 2𝑗̂ + 7𝑘̂𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑐⃗ = 2𝑖̂ − 𝑗̂ + 4𝑘̂ . Find a vector 𝑑⃗which is
perpendicular to both 𝑎⃗ and 𝑏⃗⃗and 𝑐⃗. 𝑑⃗ = 18.
15. Write a unit vector in the direction of the vector 𝑎⃗ = 2𝑖̂ + 𝑗̂ + 2𝑘̂.
16. Using vectors find the area of the triangle with vertices A (1,1,2) ,B (2,3,5) and C (1,5,5)
17. Write the value of (𝑖̂ × 𝑗̂). 𝑘̂ + 𝑖̂. 𝑗̂.
18. Find the scalar components of the vector AB with initial point A (2, 1) and terminal point B (-
5,7)
19. P and Q are two points with position vectors 3𝑎⃗ − 2𝑏⃗⃗ and 𝑎⃗ + 𝑏⃗⃗respectively. Write the
position vector of a point R Which divides the line segment PQ in the ratio 2 :1 externally.
20. Find|𝑥⃗|, if for a unit vector 𝑎⃗, (𝑥⃗ − 𝑎⃗). (𝑥⃗ + 𝑎⃗) = 15.
21. If 𝑎⃗ = 𝑖̂ − 𝑗̂ + 7𝑘̂ and 𝑏⃗⃗ = 5𝑖̂ − 𝑗̂ + 𝜆𝑘̂,then find the value of 𝜆 so that 𝑎⃗ + 𝑏⃗⃗ 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑎⃗ − 𝑏⃗⃗ are
perpendicular vectors.
22. Find the value of p for which the vectors 3𝑖̂ + 2𝑗̂ + 9𝑘̂ and 𝑖̂ − 2𝑝𝑗̂ + 3𝑘̂ are parallel.
23. Find 𝑎⃗. (𝑏⃗⃗ × 𝑐⃗), 𝑖𝑓 𝑎⃗ = 2𝑖̂ + 𝑗̂ + 3𝑘̂, ⃗⃗⃗
𝑏 = −𝑖̂ + 2𝑗̂ + 𝑘̂ 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑐⃗ = 3𝑖̂ + 𝑗̂ + 2𝑘̂.

X. 3 D Co-ordinate Geometry
(𝑎⃗⃗2 −𝑎⃗⃗1 )•(𝑏⃗⃗1 ×𝑏
⃗⃗2 )
S.D. = | ⃗⃗1 ×𝑏
⃗⃗2 |
|
|𝑏
1. Find the shortest distance between the lines
𝑟⃗ = (6𝑖̑ + 2𝑗̑ + 2𝑘̂) + 𝜆(𝑖̑ − 2𝑗̑ + 2𝑘̑) & 𝑟⃗ = −4𝑖̑ − 𝑘̑ + 𝜇(3𝑖̑ − 2𝑗̑ − 2𝑘̑)
2. Find the shortest distance between the lines
𝑟⃗ = (𝑖̑ + 2𝑗̑ + 𝑘̂) + 𝜆(𝑖̑ − 𝑗̑ + 𝑘̑) & 𝑟⃗ = (2𝑖̂ − 𝑗̂ − 𝑘̑) + 𝜇(2𝑖̑ + 𝑗̑ + 2𝑘̑)
3. Find the shortest distance between the lines
𝑟⃗ = (1 + 2𝜆)𝑖̂ + (1 − 𝜆)𝑗̂ + 𝜆𝑘̂ & 𝑟⃗ = (2𝑖̂ + 𝑗̂ − 𝑘̑) + 𝜇(2𝑖̑ + 𝑗̑ + 2𝑘̑ )
4. Find the shortest distance between the lines 𝑟⃗ = (1 − 𝑡)𝑖̂ + (𝑡 − 2)𝑗̂ + (3 − 2𝑡)𝑘̂ and
⃗⃗⃗⃗𝑟 = (𝑠 + 1)𝑖̂ + (2𝑠 − 1)𝑗̂ − (2𝑠 + 1)𝑘̂
𝑥−1 𝑦−2 𝑧−1 𝑥−2 𝑦+1 𝑧+1
5. Find the shortest distance between the lines = = & = =
1 −1 1 2 1 2
∧ ∧ ∧ ∧
6. Find the angle between following pair of lines 𝑟⃗ = 2𝑖̂ − 5𝑗̂ + 𝑘 + 𝜆(3𝑖 + 2𝑗 + 6𝑘) and
∧ ∧ ∧ ∧
𝑟⃗ = (7𝑖 − 6𝑗̂ − 6𝑘) + 𝜇(𝑖 + 2𝑗̂ + 2𝑘).
−𝑥+2 𝑦−1 𝑧+3 𝑥+2 2𝑦−8 𝑧−5
7. Find the angle between following pair of lines = = and = =
−2 7 −3 −1 4 4
𝑥−5 2−𝑦
8. Find the value of 𝜆, so that the following lines are perpendicular to each other = =
5𝜆+2 5
1−𝑧 𝑥 2𝑦+1 1−𝑧
and = =
−1 1 4𝜆 −3
1−𝑥 7𝑦−14
9. Find the value of 𝜆, so that the following lines are perpendicular to each other = =
3 2𝜆
5𝑧−10 7−7𝑥 𝑦−5 6−𝑧
and = =
11 3𝜆 1 5
10. Find the value of 𝜆, so that the following lines are perpendicular to each other
1−𝑥 𝑦−2 𝑧−3 𝑥+1 𝑦−1 6−𝑧
= = and = = .
3 2𝜆 2 3𝜆 1 7
11. Find the coordinate of the foot of the perpendicular from the point P(0,2,3) to the line
𝒙+𝟑 𝒚−𝟏 𝒛+𝟒
= = . Also find the image of (0,2,3) on the given line.
𝟓 𝟐 𝟑
XI. Baye’s Theorem (4/5 marks)
1. Three boxes contain 6 red, 4 black; 4 red, 6 black and 5 red, 5 black balls respectively. One
of the boxes is selected at random and a ball is drawn from it. If the ball drawn is red,
find the probability that it has come from first box.
2. A factory has two machines A and B. Past record shows that machine A produced 60% of
items of output and machine B produced 40% of items. Further, 2% of items, produced by
machine A and 1% produced by machine B were defective. One item is chosen at random
 from total output and this is found to be defective. What is the probability that it was
produced by machine B?
3. There are three coins. One is a two headed coin another is a biased coin that comes up
heads 75% of the time and third is unbiased coin. One of the three coins is chosen at random
and tossed, it shows heads, what is a probability that it was two headed coin?
4. Suppose that 5 % men and 0.25 % women have gray hair. A gray haired person is selected
at random. What is the probability of this person being a male? Assume that there are equal
number of men and women.
5. Of the students in a college, it is known that 60% reside in hostel and 40% do not reside in
hostel. Previous year result report that 30% of students residing in hostel attain A grade and
20 % of ones not residing in hostel attain A grade in their annual examination. At the end of
the year, one student is chosen at random from the college and he has an A grade. What is
the probability that selected student is a hostelier?
6. An insurance company insured 2000 scooter drivers, 4000 car drivers, 6000 truck drivers.
The probability of their meeting with an accident are 0.01, 0.03 and 0.15, respectively. One
of the insured person meets with an accident. What is the probability that he is a scooter
driver?
7. A man is known to speak truth 3 out of 4 times. He throws a die and reports that it is a six.
Find the probability that it is actually a six.
8. A card from a pack of 52 playing cards is lost. From the remaining cards, two cards are
drawn and are found to be of diamond. Find the probability that the missing card is also of
diamond.
9.. A girl throws a die. If she gets 5 or 6, she tosses a coin three times and notes the number
of heads but she gets 1, 2, 3 or 4, she tosses the coin only once and notes whether a head
or tail is obtained. If she obtained exactly one head, find the probability that she throws 1,
2, 3 or 4 with the die.
10. In answering a question on a multiple choice test, a student either knows the answer
3 2
or guesses. Let be the probability that he knows the answer and be the probability that
5 5
 he guesses. Assuming that a student who guesses the answer will be correct with
1
probability , what is the probability that the student knows the answer, given that he
3
answered it correctly?
XII. Probability distribution(3marks)
1. Two cards are drawn successively with replacement, from a well shuffled deck of 52 cards.
Find the probability distribution of number of aces.
2. Two cards are drawn successively without replacement, from a well shuffled deck of 52
cards. Find the probability distribution of number of aces. Also, find the mean of
distribution.
3. Two cards are drawn simultaneously without replacement, from a well shuffled deck of 52
cards. Find the mean and variance of number of red cards.
4. A pair of dice is thrown 3 times. If getting a doublet is considered successes. Find the
probability distribution of number of successes
5. Find the probability of throwing at most 2 sixes in 6 throws of a single die.
6. Find the mean number of heads in three tosses of a coin.
7. A random variable X has following probability distributions.
X 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
P(X) 0 k 2k 2k 3k k2 2k2 7k2 + k
Find (i) k (ii) P(X<3) (iii) P(X> 6) (iv) P(0<X<3)
8. From a lot of 10 bulbs, which includes 3 defectives, a sample of 2 bulbs is drawn at random.
Find the Probability distribution of number of defective bulbs
9. Three cards are drawn successively with replacement from a well shuffled deck of 52 cards.
If getting a card of spade is a success, then find the probability distribution of number of
successes.
10.A die is thrown again and again until three sixes are obtained. Find the probability of
obtaining third six in the six throw of die.