Components

of a Computer

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 A computer is an
electronic device that
manipulates information
or data. It has the ability
to store, retrieve, and
process data. It contains
both hardware
components and
software applications.
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Hardware Components

Input Devices
Input devices enter or send
data and instructions from the
user or from another computer
system on the internet.

Output Devices
Output devices send back the
administered data to the user
or to another computer
system.
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Common Input Devices
Keyboard Mouse Scanner
The most common Lets one select options Converts printed
from on-screen menus.
input device that It is used by moving it on material (such as
accepts letters, a flat surface, pressing text and pictures)
its two buttons (left and
numbers, and right), and scrolling the into a form the
commands from wheel that is located computer can use.
between the buttons.
the user.
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Flatbed scanner Handheld scanner Pen scanner

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 Trackball Touchpad Microphone
Has a ball that A touch- Allows a user to
can rotate using sensitive pad speak into the
4 a finger or the 5 that lets the 6 computer to
palm of a hand user move the input data and
to move the pointer by instructions.
pointer. touching and
dragging his or
her finger on the
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 PC Video Camera

• PC video camera is a
digital video camera that
enables users to create a
movie or take still
photographs electronically.
With the PC video camera
attached to the computer,
users can see each other as
they communicate via the
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 Digital Camera

Allows one to take

pictures then transfer the
photographed images to
the computer or printer
instead of storing the
images on a traditional
film.

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Common Output Devices

Printer Monitor
Produces text and Displays text,
graphics on a graphics, and
physical medium videos on a screen.
such as paper.

Speaker
Allows one to hear
music, voice, and
other sounds.
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 Impact Printer: Non-impact Printer:
Dot-matrix Laser printer, Inkjet

An impact printer makes contact A non-impact printer does not use a striking
with the paper by pressing an device to produce characters on the paper,
inked ribbon against the paper and because it does not hammer against the
using a hammer or pins.
paper, the printer produces less noise.
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 Monitor

Displays text, graphics,

and videos on a screen.
Many monitors look
similar to a television.

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Monitor Types

CRT (Cathode Ray Tube)

A vacuum tube containing an electron gun at
1 one end and a fluorescent screen at another
end.
LCD (Liquid Crystal Display)
A flat-panel display that consists of a layer of color
2 or monochrome pixels arranged schematically
between a couple of transparent electrodes and two
polarizing filters.

LED (Light-Emitting diode)

3 A flat-panel display that uses light-
emitting diodes for backlighting.
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 System Unit
The system unit is the enclosure
composed of the main elements of a
computer that are used to
administer data. This can be referred
to as a computer case or tower.

The circuitry of the system unit

containing the primary components
of a computer with connectors into
which other circuit boards can be
positioned is recognized as
motherboard.

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 Storage Devices

To make a computer very valuable, it also

needs a place to hold program files and all
related files when they are not in use. The
goal of using a storage is to keep data
permanently.

There are many types of storage devices

which include the flash disk drive, a small
portable storage device often referred to
as pen drives, thumb drives, or jump
drives.

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 It has a memory
capacity of 2GB, 4GB,
8GB, 16GB, 32GB, 64GB,
128GB, 1TB, and now up
to 2TB. Another type of
storage is the hard disk
drive.
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Most personal computers have
at least one non-removable
hard disk that is regarded as a
non-volatile memory which
permanently, stores and
retrieves data.

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 Another storage device is the
compact disc. It is a flat, round, and
portable metal disc. One type of
compact disc is a CD-ROM, which
can be accessed using most CD and
DVD drives. Another type of
compact disc is a DVD-ROM, which
has enough storage capacity to
store a full-length movie.
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Why Computers are
Powerful??

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 Computers are powerful
for a variety of reasons.
They work with
remarkable speed,
reliability, consistency,
and accuracy. Computers
can store large amounts of
data and information.

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 Also, computers allow users to communicate
with other users or computers. A user is anyone
who communicates and interacts with a
computer or makes use of the information it
generates.
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 Speed
- In the system unit, operations get
done through electronic circuits.
When data, instructions, and
information drift along these
circuits, they travel at incredibly fast
speeds. Most computers bring out
billions of operations in a single
second. The world's fastest
computer can perform trillions of
operations in one second.
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 Reliability and
Consistency
The electronic components
in modern computers are
dependable because they
have a low failure rate. The
high reliability of
components enables the
computer to produce
consistent results.
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 Accuracy
- Computers process large
amounts of data and generate
error-free results, provided the
data is inputted correctly and
the instructions work properly.
If data is inaccurate, the
resulting output is also
incorrect. A computing phrase
known as garbage in, garbage
out points out that the accuracy
of a computer's output depends
on the accuracy of the input.
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 Communication
It is unbearable to go
through a day without
communication.
Communication happens
between two or more
people sending and
receiving messages from
one another.
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The one sending the message is referred to as the
sender while the one receiving the information is
known as the receiver. The message being
transmitted can contain facts, thoughts,
perceptions, judgments, beliefs, attitudes,
commands, and even reactions.

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 Assessment: Let’s Create!

Create a flowchart that

outlines the different
components of computer.

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