GENERAL PHYSICS MULTIPLE-CHOICE EXAM BANK

THERMAL
Chapter 1. Ideal gas

1) To study the thermal motion of matter, one uses:

a/ Statistical methods b/ Thermodynamic method
c/ Principle 1 Thermodynamics d/a and b.
2) The units of pressure measurement in the SI system are:
a/ J/m2 b/ N/m2
c/ Kg/m2 d/ Pa/m2
3) Temperature is a physical quantity that characterizes the degree to:
a/ Chaotic motion of molecules b/ Orderly movement of molecules
c/ Heating up of the object when there is friction d/ The object cools when it comes into
contact with ice.
4) The process of equivalence is the process of having:
a/ Constant temperature b/ Constant pressure
c/ zero implementation d/ Zero heat received
5) Thermalization is a process that has:
a/ Constant temperature b/ Constant pressure
c/ Constant volume d/ constant heat
6) Ideal gas state equation:
a/ P= P0aT b/ PV= RT
c/ V= V0aT d/ PV= C
7) Gas is considered the ideal gas:
a/ when the pressure is small b/ When the temperature is high
c/ When the volume is large d/ A and B
8) The internal energy of the ideal qi depends on:
A/ Pressure b/ temperature c/ Volume D/A, B and C
9) Ideal gas constant R= J/(Kmol.0K):
A/ 8.31 b/ 8,31.103 c/ 8.48 d/ 8,48.103
10) The degree of freedom of the biatomic gas molecule i =
a/ 1 b/ 3 c/ 5 d/ 6
11) Isothermic process when:
a/ A= 0 b/ Q= 0 c/ ∆U= 0 d/ T= 0
12) Ideal gas state equation PV = nRT, where n is:
a/ Number of gas molecules in volume V
b/ The number of kg of gas in volume V
c/ Number molar gas in volume V
d/ Constant depending on temperature T
13) For an ideal qi mass, we always have:
a/ PV/T = const b/ PV = const c/ V/T = const d/ All a, b, and c are true
14) When the pressure of the gas is constant, we have:
a/ PT = const b/ V/T = const c/ VT = const d/ PV = const
15) Look for the wrong sentence. The internal energy of an ideal qi mass is:
a) total kinetic energy of gas molecules
b) Total Interaction Potential Energy of Molecules
c) Energy stored inside the gas mass
d) A and C are both wrong
16) Find the following misstatement. An ideal gas is a gas with molecules:
a) always chaotic movement
b) always interacting with each other
c) Interact only on collision
d) very small size is considered as a point
17) Find the wrong sentence. An ideal gas is a gas with gas molecules:

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 a/ Always in chaotic motion
b/ Always interact with each other
c/ Interact with each other only in the event of a collision
d/ Completely obey the laws of experimentation
18) U, V are the internal energy and volume of an ideal gas mass. The line passing through the O root in
the graph (U, V) represents the transformation:
a/ Isobaric b/ Equivalence c/ Isothermic d/ Thermal insulation
19) Internal energy is the part of energy that corresponds to the internal movement of the system,
including:
a/ Kinetic energy is the chaotic movement of molecules, kinetic energy and potential energy of atoms
in molecules.
b/ Potential energy due to the molecular interaction force and energy of the electronic shell
c/ Whole A and b and also the energy in the nucleus
d/ Kinetic energy, potential energy of molecules, energy of atoms and nuclei
20) The energy of the system includes:
a/ Kinetic energy corresponds to the directional movement of the whole system
b/ Potential energy of a system in a force field
c/ Internal
d/ Both a, b, c are all correct
0
21) A block of nitrogen gas has a volume of 8.3 liters, a pressure of 15 at, a temperature of 27 C. The
mass of a gas mass is:
a) 1.37 g b) 0.137 kg c) 13.7 kg d) 0.137 g
−3
22) A vessel with volume V = 10 m³, containing Hydrogen gas with a mass of m = 2 g, temperature T
=
300 K. Finding the pressure of the gas:
a) 24,93 atm b) 33 atm c) 15 atm d) 10 ATM
23) There are 10 g of oxygen gas at a pressure of 3 atm, 10 degrees Celsius, we consider oxygen to be the
ideal gas. Which of the following values is the gas volume:
A/ 27.73 liters b/ 2.5 liters c/ 27.75 liters d/ 0.0024 liters
24) The internal energy of the oxygen gas mass (considered as the ideal gas) contained in a tank with a
N
2
volume of V = 10 liters, pressure p = 10 ( m ) is:
a/ U = 25 J b/ U = 0.25 J c/ U = 15 J d/ U = 0.15 J
25) In a tank with a volume of V = 1.8 liters, pressure P = 4.9,104 N/m2, temperature T= 3000K contains
an amount of m= 10-3 kg of a gas. This gas is:
a/ Oxygen b/ Hydro c/ Carbonic d/ Nitrogen
26) There are 10 kg of gas stored in 1 pressure tank of 107 N/m2. A gas is taken out of the cylinder until
the pressure in the cylinder is 2.5,106 N/m2. Considering the temperature in the flask as constant, the
amount of gas taken out of the flask is (kg):
A/2,5 b/ 5 c/ 7,5 d/ 8

27) There are 10 g of hydrogen gas in 1 pressure tank 8.2 at volume 20 liters. The temperature of the gas
mass is (0K):

A/ 39.5 b/387.2 c/ 395 d/ 300

Chapter 2. Principle 1 of thermodynamics

28) Gong is in the form of:

a/ Energy b/ Energy transfer
c/ Heat transfer D/B and C
29) The two quantities are in the form of:
a/ Energy b/ Energy transfer

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 c/ Heat transfer D/B and C
30) Expression of the 1st principle of thermodynamics:
a/ U= A + Q b/ ∆U= A + Q c/ U= A' + Q' d/ ∆U= A' + Q'
31) Which sentence is wrong:
a/ The heat has been a complete success b/ Completely transformed into heat
c/ Work and heat are mutually variable d/ Work and heat are functions of the process
32) The concept of temperature is given to characterize:
a/ The "heat" of the object b/ The "coldness" of the object
c/ "Degree" hot and cold of objects d/ The orderly movement of the molecules that make up the
object
33) Statistical temperatures are because:
a/ The temperature is associated with the average kinetic energy of the translational movement of the
molecule, there are countless molecules in a surveyed substance.
b/ Temperature is an additive physical quantity
c/ Statistically usable temperature
d/ All of them are wrong
34) Labor, heat:
a/ Work cannot be turned into heat and vice versa.
b/ Work and heat are state functions
c/ Public, Heat only occurs in the process of changing the state of the system
d/ Work and heat are a form of energy
35) System:
a/ Receiving labor, heat – internal energy decreases
b/ Receiving labor, zero heat – internal energy
c/ Heat-producing biowork – constant internal energy
d/ Birth Heat emission – reduced internal energy
36) The natural heat transfer between the 2 objects depends on:
a/ Their temperature b/ Their internal abilities
c/ Their solid, liquid and gaseous states d/ Their pressure
37) Look for the wrong sentence. The work and heat of the system are:
a) Function of the transformation process
b) Measurements of the energy fraction exchanged during the process
c) Movement energy of molecules
d) the unit of measurement in the SI system is the joule (J)
38) A sealed vessel with a volume of 2.5 liters contains Hydrogen at a temperature of 17°C and a pressure
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of 15.0.10 Pa. Hydrogen is cooled to a temperature of 0°C. Calculation of the internal energy
variability of hydrogen gas:
a) -5.5 J b) 3.0 J c) 0.8 J d) -0.8 J
39) A kilomole of gas is heated isobarically from 17°C to 75°C, at which time the gas absorbs a calorific
force of 1200 KJ. Calculation of the work that the qi has performed:
a) 720 KJ b) 480 KJ c) 1200 KJ d) 240 KJ
40) One kilo of gas at a temperature of 300°K is isolithically cooled until the pressure drops by half. It is
then isobarically stretched so that its temperature in the terminal state is equal to the initial
temperature. Calculate the calorific value of Q that the gas has absorbed during the whole process
from start to finish:
a) 0 b) 1246 KJ c) 1246 J d) 500 J
41) 16 grams of oxygen gas in the state of volume V1 , pressure P1 , temperature T1 = 27°C is
isothermically compressed to a state with volume V2 = V1 / 2, pressure P2 . The gas mass is then
given isobaric expansion to the state with the original volume V3 . Let's determine the internal energy
variation of the gas mass between the first (1) and last (3) states of the process:
a)3116 KJ b)3116 J c) 2500J d)2500 KJ

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42) A sealed tank with a volume of 2.5 litres contains hydrogen at a temperature of 27º C and a pressure
of 15.10³ N/m². Hydrogen is cooled to 0º C. Calculate the amount of heat that the gas has emitted (J):
a) 8,5 b) 5.5 c) 8,4 d) 6,5
43) An ideal kilo of gas performs an isothermal process at temperature T. After this process, the pressure
decreases e times (e is the base of the natural logarithm). Knowing the ideal gas constant is R =
8.31.103 J/kmol.K. The heat that the gas mass receives during this process is equal to:
a/ RT b/ 3RT/2 c/ 5RT/2 d/ 0
44) An ideal kilometre of single-atom gas transforms from the pressurized head state P, volume V
according to 2 successive processes are straight segments in the diagram (P, V): transform from state
(P, V) to state (P, 3V) and from state (P, 3V) to state (4P, 3V). The internal energy variation of the
gas mass after these two processes is equal to:
33 PV 15 PV 21 PV 27 PV
a/ 2 b/ 2 c/ 2 d/ 2
45) 0.16 kg of Oxygen gas is heated from 500C to 600C. Calculate the internal energy variability of the
gas mass during the equivalence process (J), for R= 8.31.103 J/(kmol.0K):
A/ 520 b/ 1040 c/ 260 d/ 940
46) Isothermically compress 3 liters of air at a pressure of 1 at. Find the heat emitted (J), knowing that
the final volume is only 1/10 of the original volume.
A/ 323 b/ 530 c/ 676 d/ 725
47) Two kiloliters of carbon dioxide (μ= 44 kg) are heated isobarically to increase the temperature by
500. Calculate the amount of heat that the gas receives (kJ), for R= 8.31.103 J/(kmol. 0K):
A/ 2500 b/ 830 c/ 3320 d/1520
48) One kilo of gas is heated at isobaric pressure from 17º C to 75º C. Calculation of the work that the gas
has performed in the process:
a) 450 h b) 480 h c) 720 kJ d) 480 kj

Chapter 3. Principle 2 of thermodynamics

49) The second principle of thermodynamics:

a/ ∆U= A + Q b/ Unable to build a type 1 permanent engine
c/ Q= ∆U + A' d/ Unable to build a Type 2 Eternal Engine
50) Which sentence is wrong. The performance of the Carbon cycle is equal to:
a/ A'/Q b/ 1 – Q'2/Q1 c/ 1 – T2/T1 d/ T2/T1
51) The isothermal process is the process of:
a) has the greatest efficiency in turning Q into A c) Having internal constant capacity
b) has a constant temperature d) both a, b, c, true
52) The isothermic process in an ideal gas system is one in which:
a/ The internal power of the constant system
b/ Entropy of a constant system
c/ The calorific value of the system is zero
d/ The work that the system receives is proportional to the pressure and volume.
53) The process of adiabatic in an isolated system is the process in which:
a/ Entropy of constant systems
b/ The system receives a certain amount of heat from another object with a greater temperature
c/ The temperature of the holding system is constant
d/ The system transmits a certain amount of heat to the external environment with a smaller
temperature.
54) In which process is the entropy of the system constant:
a/ Slow compression of the air mass that is well insulated from the outside.
b/ Cooling the gas block in the cylinder with a freely movable reciprocating piston
c/ Slow compression of the gas mass in contact with the thermostat
d/ Heating the gas mass in a sealed vessel
55) Which of the following statements is true:

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 In order to improve the efficiency of a heat engine, it is necessary to build an engine without a cold
source.
b/ The efficiency of a heat machine operating according to the carnot cycle is the greatest.
c/ To improve the efficiency of a heat engine, it is recommended to increase the heat source
temperature because this is easier than lowering the cold source temperature
To improve the efficiency of a heat motor, we can reduce the cold source temperature because it is
easier.
56) Thermal motors can successfully turn heat in the event of:
a/ The motor draws heat from a single heat source.
b/ The heat intake motor of two heat sources with different temperatures
c/ Heat exchanger motor with two heat sources with different temperatures
d/ The motor receives the heat of the hot source and transfers part of the heat to the cold source.
57) A heat motor works by taking heat from a source with a certain temperature and:
a/ Transform all success
b/ Variables Successfully change part and discharge the rest into a source with a lower temperature
c/ Transform some of them successfully and discharge the rest at the same temperature
d/ Transform some successfully and discharge the rest at higher temperatures
58) The natural dimension of heat transfer is from a source at high temperatures to a source at low
temperatures regardless of the heat contained within the sources. This event contains the content of:
a/ The first principle of thermodynamics
b/ Principle The second of thermodynamics
c/ The law of conservation of energy
d/ The Law of Conservation of Entropy
59) Generative power of heat motor:
a/ Equal difference between intake and exhaust heat energy
b/ Equal to the work of a Carno motor operating at the same temperature at the same inlet and outlet
temperature
c/ Depending on the temperature of the
d/ Only depending on the output temperature.
60) Find the right sentence. Statement of Principle 2 of Thermodynamics:
a) The temperature cannot be automatically transmitted from low to high
b) Heat cannot be transferred from a low temperature place to a high temperature place
c) Heat cannot be transferred from a low temperature place to a high temperature place
d) Heat cannot be automatically transferred from a low temperature place to a high temperature
place
61) An ideal heat motor that runs the Carbon-Release cycle gives the cold source 80% of the heat it
obtains from the hot source. The calorific value obtained in a cycle is 1.5 kcal. Calculate the
performance of the cycle.
a/ 0,2 b/ 0.4 c/ 0,6 d/ 0.7

62) An ideal heat motor that runs the Carbon-Release cycle gives the cold source 80% of the heat it
obtains from the hot source. The calorific value obtained in a cycle is 1.5 kcal. Calculation of the
work that the engine produces (kcal)
A/ 0,1 b/ 0,2 c/ 0,3 d/ 0.5
63) A heat machine operating according to the Carnot cycle in reverse receives heat at a source with a
temperature of 127 degrees Celsius and generates heat at a source with a temperature of -73 degrees
Celsius. Its performance is (%):
A/50 b/ 48 c/ 52 d/54
64) A thermostat that operates in a reversed Carnot cycle has an efficiency of 20% and generates heat at
a heat source with a temperature of 127°C. The heat source temperature of the heating machine is
equal to:
a/ 227oC b/ 215oC c/ 239oC d/ 251oC

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65) An ideal thermal motor works in the slave cycle. The temperature of the hot source is 127°C, the
cold source is 27°C. The amount of heat that the heat source receives in a cycle is 600 calories.
Calculation performed in a cycle:
a) 600 calories b) 150 calories c) 450 calories d) 300 calories

66) A two-atom mass of gas performs a cycle of processes: 12 is isothermal, 23 is isothermal, 31 is

isobaric. The temperature of the gas mass in state 1 is T1 = 300K. The volume of the gas mass in state
3 is V3 = 3V1 . Find the formula for calculating cycle performance:
a) η =1- Q12 /(Q23 +Q31 ) b) η =1- Q31 /(Q12 +Q23 )
c) η =1- Q23 /(Q12 +Q′31 ) d) η =1- Q′31 /(Q12 + Q23 )
67) When performing the cycle of Contraceptive Slaves, the gas generated is 8600 j and released to the
cold source with a calorific value of 2.5 kcal. The performance of the cycle is:
a) 34.4% b) 50% c) 25.5% d) 45%