I WISH / IF ONLY • ZERO CONDITIONAL (if // unless for negative sentences)
Used when we talk about things which are generally or always true. In the zero conditional the main clause is in simple present and the conditional clause is also in simple present or present continuous.
A.- TRANSLATE THESE SENTENCES INTO SPANISH.
1.- My mum gets cross (reprochar) with me if I get home late.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2.- If it rains, the cat always stays in the house. _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 3.- If you eat too much fast food, you get fat. _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 4.- We always walk to school unless it’s raining. _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 5.- John never makes his bed unless he has someone around. _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 6.- If the temperature is over 29ºC, we turn on the air conditioning. _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 7.- My mum always lets me use her tablet if I do my homework. _________________________________________________________________________________________________
B.- TRANSLATE THESE SENTENCES INTO ENGLISH.
8.- Siempre duermo en esta habitación si hace calor. _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 9.- Ella nunca llama a menos que necesite dinero. _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 10.- Si no tienes “whatsapp”, estás pasado de moda. _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 11.- Nunca salgo entre semana a menos que // a no ser que // como no sea para ir// tenga que ir a la biblioteca. _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 12.- Siempre intento comer en casa a menos que esté muy ocupado (=busy) _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 13.- Tu hermano nunca estudia a menos que tenga un examen. _________________________________________________________________________________________________
• FIRST CONDITIONAL In the first conditional, the conditional clause is in simple present and the main clause is in simple future.
A.- TRANSLATE THESE SENTENCES INTO SPANISH.
1.- If you make the beds, I will wash the dishes. ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2.- If you help me with this school project, I will be able to go to your party. ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 3.- If you drop by, I will be at home. ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 4.- She will come if you call her. ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 5.- I won’t talk to you unless you apologize for your bad behavior ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 6.- They will refuse to come unless we insist. ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 7.- What will you do if she doesn’t show up? _________________________________________________________________________________________________
47 B.- TRANSLATE THESE SENTENCES INTO ENGLISH.
8.- Si me tocas, gritaré.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________ 9.- Si llueve, nos quedaremos en casa. _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 10.- Iré al cine si tengo dinero. _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 11.- Si estudias, aprobarás el examen. _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 12.- No saldrás a menos que acabes tus deberes. _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 13.- Si no encuentro mi móvil, te mandaré un mail. _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 14.- Ellos acabarán rompiendo si no aprenden a respetarse. _________________________________________________________________________________________________
• SECOND CONDITIONAL In the second conditional, the conditional clause is in simple past and the main clause is in conditional simple.
A.- TRANSLATE THESE SENTENCES INTO SPANISH.
1.- I would break up with Marta if I saw her with someone else. _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2.- I would be happy if you were at home when I came back. _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 3.- I would stay at home if you stayed with me. _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 4.- If you wanted my old car, I would give it to you. _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 5.- I wouldn’t stay in front of the TV if I had enough money to go to the baseball game. _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 6.- If she were here, we would probably go to the cinema. _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 7.- Peter wouldn’t call me if he knew that I already have a boyfriend. _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 8.- Would you live here if you were a millionaire? _________________________________________________________________________________________________
B.- TRANSLATE THESE SENTENCES INTO ENGLISH.
9.- Haría cualquier cosa si ella me llamara
_________________________________________________________________________________________________ 10.- Si hablaras con él, te entendería. _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 11.- Si estudiaras, aprobarías los exámenes. _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 12.- El profesor no se enfadaría si todo el mundo hiciera los deberes. _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 13.- Si ella viniera, le diría que la quiero. _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 14.- Yo dejaría de fumar si tuviera suficiente fuerza de voluntad. (= will power) _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 15.- Te devolvería el libro si lo necesitaras. _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 16.- Te llamaría inmediatamente si descubriera quién ha puesto el móvil en el microondas. _________________________________________________________________________________________________
48 • THIRD CONDITIONAL In the third conditional, the conditional clause is in PAST PERFECT (= had+participle) and the main clause is in CONDITIONAL PERFECT “would have+ participle” (= Spanish “condicional compuesto”).
A.- TRANSLATE THESE SENTENCES INTO SPANISH.
1.- I would have gone to your house if I had known that your sister was back. _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2.- She would have broken up with you if she hadn’t loved you. _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 3.- If you had dropped by, I would have seen you. _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 4.- Your parents wouldn’t have punished you If you hadn’t come back so late. _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 5.- I’d have stayed at home if she hadn’t called me up tonight. _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 6.- We would have ended up sleeping in the car, if I hadn’t had my credit card with me. _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 7.- We would already be at home if we hadn’t run out of gas. _________________________________________________________________________________________________
B.- TRANSLATE THESE SENTENCES INTO ENGLISH.
8.- Ella habría venido si tú la hubieras llamado. _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 9.- Yo no habría gritado si no hubiera visto un ratón. _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 10.- ¿Qué habrías hecho si tus padres te hubieran visto? _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 11.- Si yo hubiera estado en tu lugar, hubiera/habría hablado con ella. _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 12.- ¿Qué habrías pensado si yo hubiera hecho lo mismo que tú? _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 13.- ¿Habrías roto con ella si la hubieras visto con otra persona? _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 14.- ¿Quién habría hecho los deberes si la profesora no os hubiera amenazado? _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 15.- ¿Habrías roto con ella si la hubieras visto con otra persona? _________________________________________________________________________________________________
• Wish + Infinitive A.- TRANSLATE THESE SENTENCES INTO SPANISH. 1.- I wish to see you in my office tomorrow by this time. _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2.- I wish to speak to you as soon as possible. _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 3.- My mother wishes to be treated as a special guest. _________________________________________________________________________________________________
B.- TRANSLATE THESE SENTENCES INTO ENGLISH.
4.- Deseo ver al profesor inmediatamente. _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 5.- My padre desea tomar un café en la terraza. _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 6.- Deseo hacer una reclamación (=make a complaint). _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 7.- Deseo sentarme junto al presidente. ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 49 • Wish + Noun/Pronoun + Past Simple A.- TRANSLATE THESE SENTENCES INTO SPANISH.
8.- I wish she weren’t so tired. We could go for a walk.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________ 9.- I really miss you, if only you were here with me. _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 10.- I wish I were more intelligent. I’ve always wanted to be a scientist. _________________________________________________________________________________________________
B.- TRANSLATE THESE SENTENCES INTO ENGLISH.
11.- Ojalá no estuvieras tan lejos, te echamos de menos.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________ 12.- Ojalá tuviera mi móvil aquí, podría llamarla. _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 13.- No me cae bien tu hermano, ojalá no viniera. _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 14.- Ojalá viera a tu hermana. Tengo que hablar con ella _________________________________________________________________________________________________
• Wish + Noun/Pronoun + Past Perfect
A.- TRANSLATE THESE SENTENCES INTO SPANISH.
1.- I wish I hadn’t said that. I never meant to hurt you. Sorry. _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2.- If only she had never met that guy. He’s bad news. _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 3.- I wish you had come sooner. We could have gone for a beer. _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 4.- If only my mother hadn’t sold her old car. At least I had a vehicle. ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 5.-I wish Paul hadn’t been here. We had a terrible argument in front of him. _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 6.- I wish I hadn’t drunk so much last night. I feel horrible. _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 7.- If only I had been here only a few minutes ago. _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 8.- If only she would give up smoking. _________________________________________________________________________________________________
B.- TRANSLATE THESE SENTENCES INTO ENGLISH.
7.- Ojalá no hubiera contestado el teléfono. Era ella.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________ 8.- Ojalá hubieras venido, nos lo pasamos genial. _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 6.- Ojalá hubiera llamado tu madre. _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 7.- Ojalá no hubiera visto la película. Ahora podríamos haber ido juntos. _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 8.- Ojalá hubiera comprado aquellos zapatos. Valían la pena. _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 9.- Ojalá hubiera tenido un poco de dinero para ayudarte. _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 10.- Ojalá hubieras estado aquí cuando ella llegó. _________________________________________________________________________________________________
50 • Wish + Noun/Pronoun + Could Con I wish I/she/ etc could, expresamos el deseo de que una acción futura pueda ocurrir. A.- TRANSLATE THESE SENTENCES INTO SPANISH. 1.- I wish I could speak Chinese. ( I can’t speak Chinese right now, but this situation may change) _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2.- If only she could hear me. I’d tell her how much I miss her. _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 3.- If only I could have a driver’s license. _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 4.-I wish you could be here with us. We miss you all the time. _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 5.- If only your mum could see you in your graduation party. _________________________________________________________________________________________________
B.- TRANSLATE THESE SENTENCES INTO ENGLISH.
6.- Ojalá yo supiera bailar. _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 7.- Ojalá pudieras estar ahí. _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 8.- Ojalá ella supiera cocinar mejor. _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 9.- Ojalá tu hermana supiera hablar inglés. _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 10.- Ojalá pudieras venir mañana. Necesito verte. _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 11.- Ojalá supiera conducir. _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 12.- Ojalá él no supiera hablar. Siempre dice tonterías (= tell nonsense) _________________________________________________________________________________________________
• Wish + Noun/Pronoun + Would
Expressing regret / complain. Example: I wish he wouldn’t talk to me like that (Ojalá no me hablara así) A.- TRANSLATE THESE SENTENCES INTO ENGLISH. 1.- Ojalá ella quisiera vivir en Valencia. _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2.- Ojalá tú quisieras trabajar para mi compañía. _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 3.- Ojalá ellos no hablaran tan alto. _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 4.- Ojalá vinieras a verme con más frecuencia. _________________________________________________________________________________________________
B.- TRANSLATE THESE SENTENCES INTO SPANISH.
1.- I don’t like him. I wish she wouldn’t go out with that guy. __________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2.- If only she would call me every day. __________________________________________________________________________________________________ 3.- I wish you and your sister wouldn’t quarrel day in day out. __________________________________________________________________________________________________ 4.- If only I had travelled more when I was younger. __________________________________________________________________________________________________ 5.-I wish Hellen wouldn’t play her music so loud. __________________________________________________________________________________________________ 6.- I know you don’t want to go, but I wish you would, at least tonight. __________________________________________________________________________________________________
