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Calculations Tanker Cargo

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128 views12 pages

Calculations Tanker Cargo

Uploaded by

Joixe
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Written by: knowledge of sea

What is Gauging?

 Measurement of Ullage or Sounding


 Measurement of Temperature
 Measurement of Interface
Ullage and Sounding

Usually ullages are used for calculation. In rare cases soundings may be
used.
What is interface?
The water in the cargo settles after loading and is called free water.
Interface is the separation level between the cargo and the free water.

Trim Correction

To obtain the actual cargo quantity in a tank, Trim correction must be


applied to the measured ullage
List Correction

To obtain the actual quantity of cargo in a tank, List Correction must be


applied to the measured ullage.
The basics of Cargo Calculation
Various forms of Density
Density in one of the following forms is provided by the Supplier
a) Density at 15 C – This is the mass per unit volume of oil at 150 C.
b) Relative density at 60 F – This is the density of oil at 600 F divided
by the density of water
c) API gravity – Bears a purely mathematical relation to relative density
API gravity at 60 F = (141.5 / Relative Density at 60 F) minus 131.5

Standard Temperature

Volume of oil on board is measured at Observed temperature


Since the density and volume of oil change with change in temperature,
a Standard temperature has to be used for calculations
The standard temperatures used are 15 C and 60 F.
15 C is not the same as 60 F.
In fact 15 C = 59 F
Tank volumes

TOV : Total Observed Volume of cargo at observed temperature including


free water

GOV : Gross Oil Volume at observed temperature is TOV minus free


water.

GSV ( Gross Standard Volume ) : Gross oil volume at standard


temperature

GSOV : This is the Gross oil volume at standard temperature + the free
water

Tank volumes units


Tank Volumes are usually calculated in US Barrels
OR
Cubic Meters
1 Cubic Meter = 6.28981 US Barrels
Correction Factors

VCF
or
Volume Correction Factor
Also called Volume Reduction Factor Obtained from ASTM tables

GOV x VCF = Vol at standard temp.

WCF
or
Weight Correction Factor
Also called Weight Reduction Factor

Obtained from ASTM tables

Vol at standard temp x WCF = Mass

ASTM Tables
Tables for VCF

Table 6A – For crude oils

For correction of US Barrels at Observed temperature to US Barrels at


60 F.

Table 6B – For Products

For correction of US Barrels at Observed temperature to US Barrels at


60 F.

These tables are entered using the API and the observed temperature

Table 24A – For crude oils

For correction of US Barrels at Observed temperature to US Barrels at


60 F.

Table 24B – For Products

For correction of US Barrels at Observed temperature to US Barrels at


60 F.

These tables are entered using the Relative Density and the observed
temperature

Table 54A – For crude oils

For correction of Cubic meters at Observed temperature to Cubic meters


at 15 C.

Table 54A – For crude oils


For correction of Cubic meters at Observed temperature to Cubic meters
at 15 C.

These tables are entered using the Density at 15 C and the observed
temperature

Tables for WCF

Table 11 – For converting US Barrels at Standard temperature to Long


Tonnes using API.

Table 13 – For converting US Barrels at Standard temperature to Metric


Tonnes using API.
Table 29 – For converting US Barrels at Standard temperature to Long
Tonnes using Relative Density at 60 F.

Table 56 – For converting Cubic meters at Standard temperature


to Metric Tonnes using Density at 15C.

Table 57 – For converting Cubic meters at Standard temperature to


Long Tonnes using Density at 15C.

Tables for Interconversion of units

Table 1 – Interrelation between Various units of measurement.

Table 2 – For Temperature conversion. Centigrade to Fahrenheit and


vice versa.

Table 3 – Conversion of API gravity at 60 F to Relative density at 60 F


and Density at 15 C

Table 52 – For converting Barrels at 60 F to Cubic meters at 15 C and


vice versa.

ASTM tables can be broadly divided into three main


groups

Tables used for volume Correction Factors ( VCF )

Tables used for Weight Correction Factors ( WCF )

Tables used for conversion of volume and density measures

Other Factors
Line Content

Line content refers to the cargo in the bottom line of the ships cargo tanks.
•The ullage tables normally state whether the line content is included
within the tabulated volume of each tank or not.

•If not stated, it is implied that the line content is included within the
tabulated volumes for each tank.

•Line contents must be added to or subtracted from the GOV.

Add line content:


•If any lines passing through empty tanks are filled with cargo.
•Contents of all lines if the line content is not included in the tabulated
volume of each tank

Line content may have to be subtracted in certain cases.

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