LESSON 3: COMPUTER SYSTEM (TFT-LCD) thin panel, while older

monitors used a cathode ray tube

What is computer?​ (CRT) about as deep as the screen
● The word is derived from “compute”, size ​
which means to calculate.​ ● In computing, a Mouse is a pointing
● A computer is an electronic device device tat detects two dimensional
that can perform a variety of tasks motion relative to a surface. This
by executing a given set of motion is typically translated into the
instructions​ motion of a pointer on a display,
● It is versatile and can handle which allows for fine control of a
multiple tasks like documentation, graphical user interface.​
accounting, designing, airlines,
railways and other bookings, ● A keyboard typically has characters
weather forecasting and many more.​ engraved or printed on the keys and
● The acronym for COMPUTER is each press of a key typically
Common Oriented Machine corresponds to a single written
Particularly Used for Trade and symbol.
Education Research ​ ​
● The computer is a combination of ● Computer speakers, or multimedia
hardware and software resources speakers, are speakers external to a
which integrate together and computer that disable the lower
provides various functionalities to fidelity built-in speakers.​
the user.​
● In computing, a printer is a
Computer system​ peripheral which makes a persistent
- Is a collection of related components human readable representation of
that have all been design to work graphics or text on paper or similar
together. physical media​

Computer Hardware ​ ● A computer case, also known as a

- There are two types of computer computer chassis, is the enclosure
hardware: external and internal. that contains most of the hardware
External hardware devices include of a personal computer. The
monitors, keyboards, printers, and components housed inside the case
scanners, whereas internal are referred as the internal
hardware devices include hardware, while hardware outside
motherboards, hard drives, and the case are known as peripherals.​
RAM.​

Hardware Parts of computer ​

● A Monitor or a display is electronic
visual display for computers.​
● The display device in typically a thin
film transistor liquid crystal display
● A power supply unit (PSU) optimized with performance-boosting
converts mains AC to low-voltage software.​
regulated DC power for the internal
components of a computer. Modern ● A hard disk drive (HDD) is an
personal computers universally use internal or external computer
switched-mode power supplies. component that stores data, such as
Some power supplies have a the operating system, applications,
manual switch for selecting input and user files.​
voltage, while others automatically ● HDDs are “non-volatile” storage
adapt to the main voltage.​ devices, meaning they retain stored
data even when power isn't being
● A motherboard is the main printed supplied.​
circuit board (PCB) in a computer.
The motherboard is a computer's ● ​ emory unit. It is an essential
M
central communications backbone component of a digital computer. It is
connectivity point, through which all where all data intermediate and find
components and external results are stored. The data read
peripherals connect. Motherboards from the main storage or an input
can be found in virtually all unit are transferred to the computer's
computers, especially desktop and memory where they are available for
laptop PCs. processing. This memory unit is
​ used to hold the instructions to be
● A central processing unit (CPU) is executed and data to be processes.​
the electronic circuitry within a
computer that carriers out the Primary Memory: Primary memory has
instructions of a computer program direct link with input unit and output unit. It
by performing the basic arithmetic, stores the input data, intermediate
logical, control and input/output (I/O) calculation, result. ​
operations specified by the ➔ It can be further divided into two
instructions. It is the brain of the parts:​
computer system.​ ➔ RAM ( Random Access Memory)​
➔ ROM ( Read Only Memory)​
● A solid-state drive (SSD) is a new
generation of storage device used in Secondary Memory: The primary storage
computers. SSDs store data using is not able to store data permanently for
flash-based memory, which is much future use. So some other types of storage
faster than the traditional hard disks technology is required to store the data
they've come to replace. SSDs also permanently for long time, it is called
have no moving parts, and secondary or auxiliary memory. ​
upgrading to one is a great way to
speed up your computer and make it
more resilient. Learn how SSDs
work and how to keep them
SOFTWARE AND ITS TYPE SOFTWARE: OPERATING SYSTEM
● Software, simply are the computer ● The operating system is the most
programs. The instructions given to import program that runs on a
the computer in the form of a computer.​
program is called Software. Software ● Operating system is an interface
is the set of programs, which are between computer and user. ​
used for different purposes. All the ● It is responsible fro the management
programs used in computer to and coordination of activities and the
perform specific task is called sharing of the resources of the
Software.​ computer.​

SYSTEM SOFTWARE
● The system software is a collection
of programs designed to operate,
control, and extend the processing
capabilities of the computer itself.
These software products comprise
of programs written in low-level
languages, which interact with the
hardware at a very basic level.
System software serves as the
interface between the hardware and
the end users. Some examples of
Characteristics of a computer​
system software are Operating
● Speed​
System, Compilers, Interpreter,
● Accuracy​
Assemblers, etc. Visit
● Reliability​
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LESSON 04: - Often use touch screen interfaces
Why we use computers? Ex: smartphones
● Efficiency
- Time Casual or personal user ​
- Labor ➔ Limited office tasks​
- Resources ➔ Internet banking​
● Accuracy ➔ E-mail and browsing the web​
- Quality program & quality data >>> ➔ Social networking​
100% accuracy​ ➔ Skyping ​
- Essential in mass production on ➔ Viewing and sharing photos​
assembly lines ​ ➔ Entertainment: casual gaming, playing
● Reliability music, watching movies.​
- Computer can be relied on to do tasks
without tiring, complaining, and asking SOHO – Small Office Home Office
more money.​ ● Category dependent on type of business​
● Needs entry- level desktops for admin:​
Communication ➔ Accounting or bills​
● The efficiency, accuracy, reliability of ➔ Database with client, suppliers, stocks,
computer combined with the ability to etc.​
communicate enable us to:​ ➔ Electronics documents archiving​
● Eliminate time and distance as ➔ Planning and scheduling, etc.​
constraints ​
● Communication and share information Mobile ​
globally ​ ● Not necessary a separate category,
● Save on communication costs​ every category of user also use mobile
● Interact socially on a bigger scale​ technology.​
● Smartphones or tablets for tasks such
Types of computer system​ as​
● Non portable computers​ ➔ Browsing and e-mail​
- Generally consist of a system unit, ➔ Playing games​
monitor, mouse, and keyboard ➔ Reading books​
- ​Large​ ➔ Navigating with GPS​
- Not meant to be move ➔ Taking quick notes​
Ex: Computer ➔ Taking photos and video and​
➔ Recording sound​
● Portable computers ​
- An “ALL in ONE” design.​ Convergence
- Designed to fold to take up less space, ● The trend where separate
to be easy to carry and to protect the technologies that required difference
delicate parts of the computer. devices in the past are combined into
Ex: Laptop, Ipad one single device.​
● The smartphone and the consumer
tablet​
● Mobile computing devices ​
- Designed to maximize battery life and to
be “always on”.​
- Use operating systems designed to use
less power (iOS, Android, Windows
mobile)​