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Class 7 Chapter - Water (Handout)

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57 views2 pages

Class 7 Chapter - Water (Handout)

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prishaverma1012
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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AMITY INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL, NOIDA

SOCIAL SCIENCE—CLASS VII


CHAPTER 5-WATER
HANDOUT

KEY TERMS
1) Terrarium: It is an artificial enclosure for keeping small house plants.
2) Salinity: It is the amount of salt in grams present in 1000grams of water.
3) Precipitation: The sun’s heat causes evaporation of water vapour which condenses to form
clouds. From there it falls on the land and sea in the form of rain, snow and sleet.
4) Tsunami : Tsunami is a Japanese word that means “Harbour waves”. An earthquake, a volcanic
eruption or underwater landslides can shift large amounts of ocean water. As a result a huge
tidal wave called tsunami is formed.

QUESTION-ANSWERS
Q1. Describe the water cycle with the help of a diagram.
Ans 1. The process by which water continually changes it’s form and circulates between oceans,
atmosphere and land is known as water cycle. (Refer to the book for diagrams and draw it on the
blank page).

Q2. What are the major sources of water?


Ans 2. The major sources of fresh water are rivers, ponds, springs and glaciers. The ocean bodies
and seas contain salty water.

Q3. Describe the distribution of water bodies?


Ans 3. The distribution of water in percentage is as follows:
Oceans 97.3 Saline water
Ice caps 2.00
Ground Water 0.68
Fresh water lakes 0.009
Inland seas & Salt Lakes 0.009
Atmosphere 0.0019
Rivers 0.0001

Q4. Describe the movements that occur in the oceans.


Ans 4. The movements in the oceans can be categorised as:
a) Waves: When the water of the ocean rises and falls alternatively, they are called waves.
b) Tides: The rhythmic rise and fall of ocean water twice in a day is called tide.
- It is high tide when water covers much of the shore by rising to its highest level.
- It is low tide when water falls to it’s lowest level and recedes from the shore.
c) Ocean Currents: They are streams of water flowing constantly on the ocean surface in definite
directions. The ocean currents may be warm or cold.

Q5. What are the factors affecting the height of waves?


Ans 5. Waves are formed when gentle wind blows across the ocean surface. During a storm, the
wind blowing at very high speed form huge waves.

Q6. How are tides caused?


Ans 6. The strong gravitational pull exerted by the sun and the moon on the earth’s surface causes
the tides.

Q7. Describe the two types of tides. Draw diagrams.


Ans 7. (Refer to the book for diagrams and draw them on the blank page)
a) Spring Tides: During full moon and new moon days, the sun, the moon and the earth are in the
same line and the tides are highest. This is called Spring Tides.
b) Neap Tides: When the moon is in its first and last quarter, the ocean waters get drawn in
diagonally opposite directions by the gravitational pull of the sun and the Earth resulting in low
tides. These are called Neap Tides.

Q8. How are tides useful?


Ans 8. High tides help in navigation. They raise the water level close to the shores. This helps the
ships to arrive at the harbour more easily. The high tides also help in fishing. Many more fish come
closer to the shore during the high tide. This enables fishermen to get a plentiful catch. The rise and
fall of water due to tides is being used to generate electricity in some places.

Q9. Distinguish between Cold currents and Warm currents. Give an example of each type.
Cold Currents Warm Currents
They carry water from the They originate near the Equator and
higher latitudes to Tropical or move towards the poles.
lower latitudes.
They lower the temperature They bring about warm temperature
over land surface. over land surface.
Eg. Labrador cold current Eg. Gulf Stream warm current

Q10. Give reasons:


a) The quality of water is deteriorating because: People throw garbage, wash clothes, bathe their
animals in the the rivers. Industries discharge untreated chemical effluents into the rivers.
b) Ocean water is salty because: The water of the oceans is salty or saline as it contains large
amount of dissolved salts. Most of the salt is sodium chloride or the common table salt that you eat

MAP WORK
Mark the following on the political map of the world: (refer to the Fig 5.2 and Fig 5.6 of the book)
1. Cold Currents: Oyashio, Labrador
2. Warm Currents: Kuroshio, Gulf Stream
3. Black Sea
4. Red Sea
5. Caspian Sea
6. Mediterranean Sea
7. Arabian Sea

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