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Production Practices For Annual Crops

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17 views1 page

Production Practices For Annual Crops

Uploaded by

naif omar
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Production Practices for Annual Crops

1. Land Preparation-It is done in accordance with the requirements of the crops, whether
they grow under dryland or wetland systems. The two systems of land preparation and
water management (wetland and dryland) have contrasting features in terms of its
physical, biological and chemical nature of soils. Before seeding, the land is prepared by
the process of tillage. Tillage is the manual or mechanized manipulation of the soil to
provide a medium for proper crop establishment and growth. There are several purposes
of tillage, the major ones are:

A. Land Leveling – Land is leveled for several purposes.


B. Seedbed preparation – In order for germination to occur, the seed mustmake
good contact with the soil to be able to imbibe moisture. Seedbed preparation is
done according to the seed characteristics, especially size. The fineness of the
soil after tillage is called its tilth. A fine tilth is required for seeding small-sized
seeds.
C. Incorporating organic matter and soil amendments. Stubbles left aftercrop
harvesting can be mixed in the soil to improve its physical characteristics.
Fertilizers, organic and inorganic and soil amendments such as lime, may be
added to the soil during the preparation prior to seeding.
D. Weed control
Weeds compete with crop plats for growth factors and may harbor
diseases and insect pests. Weeds are controlled at various stages in crop
production.

E. Improve soil physical condition. Soil texture and structure are importantin crop
production. Soils structure can be destroyed with time, because of a variety
of reasons. Heavy traffic (vehicles, farm animals, humans) can compact the soil
and create an impervious soil barrier called a hard pan. Tillage can be used to
break up the hard pan for crop root growth and development.
F. Erosion control
Tillage may be conducted in a certain way to provide a rough soil surface
to impede the actions of the agents of soil erosion (conservation tillage).

G. Shaping soil
Tillage is used to crate raised beds for planting ort to crate furrows for
irrigation.

Tillage Systems
Tillage systems describe the nature and sequence of tillage operations used in
preparing a seedbed for planting. Tillage systems differ in the degree of the oil stirring
and nature of the finished product. The two classification of tillage are:

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