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Module 1 Lesson 2 Laws in Refrigeration

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183 views6 pages

Module 1 Lesson 2 Laws in Refrigeration

Uploaded by

Blaze Quiban
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Module 1

Name:
Year and Section:
Instructor: BLAZE R. QUIBAN, LPT
Remarks:
LESSON

2 LAWS IN REFRIGERATION

Module No.
MODULE 1: REFRIGERATION AND AIRCONDITIONING
and Title
Lesson No.
LESSON 2: LAWS IN REFRIGERATION
and Title
Learning
A. Describe the different laws in refrigeration.
Outcomes
Time Frame 3 Hours – Week 2
• One has to know the three basic laws in refrigeration in order to understand theoretically how a
refrigerator and air-conditioning unite operate. These laws revolve around the utility of heat
energy to produce and maintain cooling.

FIRST LAW

- Heat flows from high to low temperature.

- Heat travel through CONDUCTION from higher to lower temperature.

Example: Loss of heat from the condenser to the environment.

SECOND LAW

- Heat when applied to a liquid will convert it to vapor or gas.


Introduction - All liquid exposed to heat changes its state from liquid to vapor or gas when they attain their
respective boiling point. This process is called EVAPORATION.

Example: The transformation of liquid refrigerant to vapor from the evaporator coil to the suction line of
the system.

THIRD LAW

- Heat when eliminated from vapor or gas turns back to liquid.


- The external temperature that is relatively colder takes the heat from the vapor (through
conduction), this is known as CONDENSATION. Example: The transformation of hot refrigerant
vapor from the condenser into a liquid refrigerant.
Three Major concept involved in refrigeration and air-conditioning:

1. Heat – is a form of energy. As the temperature of a substance increases, atoms moves


rapidly, while the temperature decreases they slow down.
2. Temperature – is the degree of hotness and coldness of a substance it measures the heat
intensity or heat level of a substance.
3. Pressure – it is the force per unit area.

Answer the following questions to unlock and deepen your understanding.

Guide Questions:
Activity 1. What are the Laws in refrigeration? and how does it works?
2. How does the heat temperature convert into cold temperature?
3. How does each parts of the refrigeration and air- conditioning works?

1. What is the primary purpose of the refrigeration cycle?


Analysis 2. What are the environmental considerations associated with the refrigerants used in the cycle?
3. How the laws of refrigeration cycle helps the whole cycle of a refrigerator?
Four Major Mechanical Parts of a Refrigeration System

Abstraction
1. Compressor – (motor compressor) – considered as the
heart of the system. It compresses the refrigerant into a
superheated gas and pumps it to circulate in the entire
tube system. This is where the COMPRESSION stage
occurs. It is both a hermetic (totally sealed) and a
reciprocating (dual action – suction and discharge)
machine.

2. Condenser – cools down the superheated gas through


conduction. This is where the gaseous refrigerant is
turned to a liquid state that is known as the
CONDENSATION stage. The cooling medium of a
condenser can be water, brine or another refrigerant. The
total amount of heat ejected in the condenser by the
refrigerant is equal to the sum of the heat absorbed in the
evaporator plus the heat of compression.

Expansion Valve/ 3. Refrigeration flow control (expansion valve, capillary


Throttling device tube, or throttling device) – the part that reduced the high
pressure of the hot liquid refrigerant and at the same time
reduces its temperature before it enters the evaporator.
This is a process known as the EXPANSION stage.

Capillary tube

4. Evaporator – this is where the refrigeration takes place. The


cooled refrigerant absorbs latent heat and is transformed
from liquid to vapor or gas before it returns to the
compressor that is known as the EVAPORATION stage.
Other Accessories of the Mechanical Parts

1. The filter / Strainer – it cleans the refrigerant of any dirt or


impurity it collects while circulating around the system. It is
connected between the liquid line and the capillary tube.

2. The heat exchanger – it is a part where the capillary tube


and suction tube are soldered together to exchange the low
and high temperature that compensates one another.

3. The accumulator – it entraps the remaining liquid refrigerant


that may have escaped from the evaporation. This is
connected between the evaporator and the suction line.

The Three Passive Mechanical Parts

1. The Suction Line – found at the low side of the motor where the vapor from the evaporator
passes on its way to the compressor motor.
2. Discharge line – passage way at the high side that drives vapor to condenser for superheating.
3. Liquid line – allows the high pressure liquid passage on its way to the strainer.

The Cooling System and its Working Principles


The refrigerant or air-conditioning unit is cooled by means of a cooling agent known as refrigerant. This
substance is sealed inside the series of tubes of various sizes and is flowing in one direction in a cycle.
This is known as the refrigeration cycle.
Application • Create a graphic organizer that shows the flow of the refrigeration cycle.

Closure

References
Gore, D. F. (2021). Thermodynamic analysis of refrigeration cycles using advanced refrigerants. International Journal of
Refrigeration, 125, 180-189. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2021.07.004

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