on October 18,2024,19.2C.
07
Meeting 4 : Software,Proggraming languege,Networking
1. Definition of Programming Languages:
Programming languages are sets of instructions or commands used to communicate with computers.
They act as intermediaries between humans (programmers) and computers, allowing us to create
programs, applications, or software. By using programming languages, we can instruct computers to
perform specific tasks.
2. Types of Programming Languages:
There are many different types of programming languages, each with its own unique characteristics and
purposes. Some common examples include:
Low-Level Languages:
Machine Language: The most basic language, using binary code (0s and 1s) to directly interact with
hardware.
Assembly Language: Slightly more readable than machine language, using mnemonics to represent
instructions.
High-Level Languages:
Procedural Languages: Focus on the sequence of steps to accomplish a task (e.g., Pascal, C).
Object-Oriented Languages: Emphasize objects with properties and behaviors (e.g., Java, C++).
Scripting Languages: Designed for automation and scripting tasks (e.g., Python, JavaScript).
Functional Languages: Focus on mathematical functions and expressions (e.g., Haskell, Lisp).
3.An information network is a system of interconnected devices that allow for the exchange and sharing
of information.
LAN (Local Area Network): A network that covers a relatively small area, such as within a building or
campus. LANs are used to connect computers, printers, and other network devices in a single location.
WAN (Wide Area Network): A network that covers a larger area, even spanning across the entire globe.
The internet is the most prominent example of a WAN, connecting numerous LANs together.
4. Daily Uses of Computers:
Computers have become an integral part of our daily lives. Some common uses include:
Communication: Email, social media, video calls.
Education: E-learning, research, digital content creation.
Entertainment: Gaming, watching movies, listening to music.
Banking: Online transactions, bill payments.
Office Work: Data processing, document creation, presentations.
Industry: Automation, machine control, product design.
5. Computer Viruses and Software Copyright:
Computer Viruses: Malicious programs that can harm computer systems, data, or networks. Viruses can
spread quickly and cause various problems, such as locking files, deleting data, or even damaging
hardware.
Software Copyright: A legal protection for intellectual property in the form of software. Copyright grants
the software owner exclusive rights to reproduce, distribute, or modify the software. Violating software
copyright is illegal.
