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PROGRAM 1:
Find the minimum, maximum and average in an array of integers
INPUT:
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int a[50], avg , s=0,i,j,temp,n;
printf("Enter n\n");
scanf("%d",&n);
printf("Enter elements\n");
for(i=0; i<n; i++)
{
scanf("%d",&a[i]);
s=s+a[i];
}
avg=s/n;
printf("Average: %d\n",avg);
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
for(j=i+1;j<n;j++)
{
if(a[i]>a[j])
{
temp=a[i];
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a[i]=a[j];
a[j]=temp;
}
}
}
printf("MINIMUM: %d\n",a[0]);
printf("MAXIMUM: %d\n",a[n-1]);
}
OUTPUT:
Enter n
6
Enter elements
123456
Average: 3
MINIMUM: 1
MAXIMUM: 6
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BVRIT HYDERABAD College of Engineering for Women

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PROGRAM 2:
Compute mean, variance, standard deviation, sorting of an array.
INPUT:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <math.h>
int main() {
float m = 0, v = 0, s = 0, s0 = 0, s1 = 0;
int i, n;
printf("Enter the number of elements: ");
scanf("%d", &n);
int a[n];
printf("Enter the elements: ");
for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
scanf("%d", &a[i]);
}
for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
s0 = s0 + a[i];
}
m = s0 / n;
for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
s1 = s1 + pow((a[i] - m), 2);
}
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v = s1 / n;
s = sqrt(v);
printf("Mean: %f\nVariance: %f\nStandard Deviation: %f\n", m, v, s);
for(i=0;i<=n-1;i++)
{
for(j=i+1;j<n;j++)
{
if(a[j]<a[i])
{t=a[j];
a[j]=a[i];
a[i]=t;}
}
}
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
printf("sorted array:%d",a[i]);
}
return 0;
}
OUTPUT:
Enter the number of elements: 5
Enter the elements: 1 2 3 4 5
BVRIT HYDERABAD College of Engineering for Women

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Mean: 3.000000
Variance: 2.000000
Standard Deviation: 1.414214
Sorted array:1 2 3 4 5
PROGRAM 3:
Functions: Matrices
I. Addition II. Multiplication III. Transpose
I. Addition of Matrices
INPUT:
#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
int n, i, j;
int a[50][50], b[50][50], c[50][50];
printf("Enter the size of the matrix (n x n): ");
scanf("%d", &n);
printf("Enter elements of the first matrix:\n");
for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
for (j = 0; j < n; j++) {
scanf("%d", &a[i][j]);
}
}
printf("Enter elements of the second matrix:\n");
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for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {

for (j = 0; j < n; j++) {
scanf("%d", &b[i][j]);
}
}
for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
for (j = 0; j < n; j++) {
c[i][j] = a[i][j] + b[i][j];
}
}
printf("Resultant matrix after addition:\n");
for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
for (j = 0; j < n; j++) {
printf("%d ", c[i][j]);
}
printf("\n");
}
return 0;
}
OUTPUT:
Enter the size of the matrix (n x n): 2
Enter elements of the first matrix:
BVRIT HYDERABAD College of Engineering for Women

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12
34
Enter elements of the second matrix:
56
78
Resultant matrix after addition:
68
10 12
BVRIT HYDERABAD College of Engineering for Women

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II. Multiplication of matrices

INPUT:
#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
int n, i, j, k, s = 0;
int a[50][50], b[50][50], c[50][50];
printf("Enter the size of the matrix (n x n): ");
scanf("%d", &n);
printf("Enter elements of the first matrix:\n");
for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
for (j = 0; j < n; j++) {
scanf("%d", &a[i][j]);
}
}
printf("Enter elements of the second matrix:\n");
for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
for (j = 0; j < n; j++) {
scanf("%d", &b[i][j]);
}
}
for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
for (j = 0; j < n; j++) {
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s = 0;
for (k = 0; k < n; k++) {
s += a[i][k] * b[k][j];
}
c[i][j] = s;
}
}
printf("Resultant matrix after multiplication:\n");
for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
for (j = 0; j < n; j++) {
printf("%d ", c[i][j]);
}
printf("\n");
}
return 0;
}
Enter the size of the matrix (n x n): 2
Enter elements of the first matrix:
12
34
Enter elements of the second matrix:
56
BVRIT HYDERABAD College of Engineering for Women

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78
Resultant matrix after multiplication:
19 22
43 50
III. Transpose of the matrix
INPUT:
#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
int n, i, j;
int a[50][50], b[50][50], transpose[50][50];
printf("Enter the size of the matrix (n x n): ");
scanf("%d", &n);
printf("Enter elements of the matrix:\n");
for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
for (j = 0; j < n; j++) {
scanf("%d", &a[i][j]);
}
}
for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
for (j = 0; j < n; j++) {
transpose[j][i] = a[i][j];
}
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}
printf("Transpose of the matrix:\n");
for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
for (j = 0; j < n; j++) {
printf("%d ", transpose[i][j]);
}
printf("\n");
}
return 0;
}
OUTPUT:
Enter the size of the matrix (n x n): 3
Enter elements of the matrix:
123
456
789
Transpose of the matrix:
147
258
369
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PROGRAM 4:
Recursive and non-recursive Functions:
I. Find the factorial of a given integer II. Find the GCD III. Find x^n
I. Find the factorial of a given integer.
Recursive:
INPUT:
#include<stdio.h>
int fact(int x);
int main(){
int a;
printf("Enter number: ");
scanf("%d", &a);
int f = fact(a);
printf("Factorial of the number is: %d", f);
}
int fact(int x){
if(x >= 1){
return x * fact(x - 1);
} else {
return 1;
}
}
OUTPUT:
Enter number: 5
BVRIT HYDERABAD College of Engineering for Women

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Factorial of the number is: 120

I. Find the factorial of a given integer.
Non-Recursive:
INPUT:
#include<stdio.h>
int fact(int);
int main(){
int n,a;
printf("Enter a value");
scanf("%d",&n);
a=fact(n);
printf("%d",a);
return 0;
}
int fact(int n)
{
int f=1;
while (n>0)
{
f=f*n;
n - -;
}
}
OUTPUT:
Enter a value: 5
BVRIT HYDERABAD College of Engineering for Women

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120
II. Find the GCD
Recursive:
INPUT:
#include <stdio.h>
int gcd(int x, int y);
int main() {
int a, b;
printf("Enter two numbers: ");
scanf("%d%d", &a, &b);
int g = gcd(a, b);
printf("The GCD of the two numbers is: %d\n", g);
return 0;
}
int gcd(int x, int y) {
if (y == 0) {
return x;
} else {
return gcd(y, x % y);
}
}
OUTPUT:
Enter two numbers: 56 98
The GCD of the two numbers is: 14
BVRIT HYDERABAD College of Engineering for Women

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II. Find the GCD

Non-Recursive:
INPUT:
#include<stdio.h>
int gcd(int,int);
int main(){
int n1,n2,t;
printf("Enter 2 numbers:\n");
scanf("%d%d",&n1,&n2);
t=gcd(n1,n2);
printf("GCD of the two numbers is %d",t);
return 0;
}
int hcf(int n1,int n2)
{ while(n2!=0){
int t=n2;
n2=n1%n2;
n1=t;
}
return n1;
}
OUTPUT:
Enter 2 numbers:
48 18
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GCD of the two numbers is 6

III. Find x^n
Recursive:
INPUT:
#include <stdio.h>
int power(int x, int n);
int main() {
int x, n;
printf("Enter the base and exponent: ");
scanf("%d %d", &x, &n);
int result = power(x, n);
printf("%d^%d = %d\n", x, n, result);
return 0;
}
int power(int x, int n) {
if (n == 0) {
return 1;
} else {
return x * power(x, n - 1);
}
}
OUTPUT:
Enter the base and exponent: 2 5
2^5 = 32
BVRIT HYDERABAD College of Engineering for Women

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III. Find x^n

Non-Recursive:
INPUT:
#include<stdio.h>
#include<math.h>
int power(int n1,int n2);
int main()
{
int base,a,result;
printf("Enter base number:");
scanf("%d",&base);
printf("Enter a positive power:");
scanf("%d",&a);
result=power(base,a);
printf("%d^%d=%d",base,a,result);
return 0;
}
int power(int base, int a)
{ int t;
t=pow(base,a);
return t;
}
OUTPUT:
Enter base number:3
Enter a positive power:4
BVRIT HYDERABAD College of Engineering for Women

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3^4=81
BVRIT HYDERABAD College of Engineering for Women

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PROGRAM 5:
Display the values of array using pointers.
INPUT:
#include<stdio.h>
int main() {
int a[10], i;
int *p;
printf("Enter array value:");
for(i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
scanf("%d", &a[i]);
}
p = a;
for(i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
printf("%d", *(p + i));
printf("\t");
}
return 0;
}
OUTPUT:
Enter array value: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
BVRIT HYDERABAD College of Engineering for Women

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PROGRAM 6:
Reverse the array using pointers.
INPUT:
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
int main() {
int n;
printf("Enter size of array: ");
scanf("%d", &n);
int *ptr;
ptr = (int*)malloc(n * sizeof(int));
printf("Enter the array elements: ");
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
scanf("%d", &ptr[i]);
}
printf("The reverse of the array is: ");
for (int i = n - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
printf("%d ", ptr[i]);
}
return 0;
}
OUTPUT:
Enter size of array: 5
Enter the array elements: 1 2 3 4 5
The reverse of the array is: 5 4 3 2 1
BVRIT HYDERABAD College of Engineering for Women

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PROGRAM 7:
Sum of array contents using pointers.
INPUT:
#include<stdio.h>
int main() {
int n, sum = 0;
printf("Enter the number of elements: ");
scanf("%d", &n);
int arr[n];
printf("Enter the elements of the array: ");
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
scanf("%d", &arr[i]);
}
int *ptr = &arr[0];
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
sum += *(ptr + i);
}
printf("The sum of the array elements is: %d\n", sum);
return 0;
}
OUTPUT:
Enter the number of elements: 5
Enter the elements of the array: 1 2 3 4 5
The sum of the array elements is: 15
BVRIT HYDERABAD College of Engineering for Women

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PROGRAM 8:
Display the contents of a file to screen.
INPUT:
#include<stdio.h>
int main() {
FILE *fptr;
char ch;
fptr = fopen("first.txt", "r");
printf("The content of the file is: ");
while(1) {
ch = fgetc(fptr);
if (ch != EOF) {
printf("%c", ch);
} else {
break;
}
}
fclose(fptr);
return 0;
}
OUTPUT:
first.txt: Hello, this is a sample file.
The content of the file is: Hello, this is a sample file.
BVRIT HYDERABAD College of Engineering for Women

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PROGRAM 9:
Copy one file to another, replacing all lowercase characters with their
uppercase.
INPUT:
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<stdio.h>
int main() {
FILE *fp1, *fp2;
fp1 = fopen("source.txt", "r");
if (fp1 == NULL) {
printf("ERROR");
exit(0);
}
printf("File opened successfully\n");
fp2 = fopen("destination.txt", "w");
if (fp2 == NULL) {
printf("ERROR");
exit(0);
}
printf("File opened successfully\n");
char ch;
while ((ch = fgetc(fp1)) != EOF) {
fputc((ch >= 'a' && ch <= 'z') ? ch - 32 : ch, fp2);
}
fclose(fp1);
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fclose(fp2);
return 0;
}
OUTPUT:
Content of source.txt:
Hello World
This is a Test
Content of destination.txt:
HELLO WORLD
THIS IS A TEST
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PROGRAM 10:
Count the number of times a character occurs in a text file using command line
arguments.
INPUT:
#include<stdio.h>
int main(int argc, char*argv[])
{
FILE *fp
fp=fopen(argv[1],"r");
char ch,t=argv[2][0];
int count=0;
while((ch=fgetc(fp))!=EOF)
{ if(ch==t)
{
count++;
}
}
printf("Count=%d\n",count);
fclose(fp);
return 0;
}
OUTPUT:
Input File (example.txt):
This is a sample text file.
It contains several characters.
Count = 5