History
History
[Turn over]
Q.1. Read the source mentioned below and answer the questions that follow: [20 marks]
Source A
The most influential person in spreading Christianity was the disciple, Paul. He is fascinating in
that he had a combination of several main cultural features of that time. He was a Greek who
held Roman citizenship. Originally a Jew, he converted to Christianity. So, he had a combination
of several cultural movements of the time.
Following his conversion, he widely travelled around the Mediterranean, preached to people,
and tried to convert them to Christianity. At first, he went to Greek cities, visited their religious
places, and talked to other Jews in the hope of converting them.
But after some time, he changed his method and made his scope of addresses broader. He
travelled by Roman grain freighters to the western part of the empire. In every city that he
arrived, he would preach to anyone willing to listen. This broader scope of addressees led to a
giant leap in the number of Christians.
Another remarkable action that he took was writing a series of letters that set the trend for
other apostles. In those letters, he described his beliefs, his take on what had happened to
Jesus, and what he understood of Jesus’s message. When other Christian leaders took the same
approach, numerous copies of these documents were made and exchanged among those early
Christian communities. This was another action that led to the spread of Christianity among a
broader scope of audiences. These letters were collected and laid the foundation of
Christianity’s unique holy script, the New Testament.
https://www.wondriumdaily.com/the-main-causes-contributing-to-the-spread-of-christianity/
a) How did Paul initially go about spreading Christianity after his conversion?
[3]
Page 2 of 10
CNS/Term1/2023-2024/History/P1
b) What was the remarkable action taken by Paul which led to the spread of Christianity?
[3]
Source C
Alauddin Khilji was the greatest ruler of the Khilji Dynasty and was the first Muslim ruler to
extend his empire right up to the extreme South of India. He lavishly distributed money and gold
among his people, noble and ministers so that they might forget the murder of Jalaluddin and
support him. He also had a lot of experience and was also a smart guy. He was able to handle
the complex problems of the state beautifully.
He had a powerful army to protect the country from outside grievances. He was the first great
ruler who kept the religious class out of his administration and did not allow them to interfere.
He did not even allow his superiors to interfere in the affairs of the administration and was
certainly a dictator but a liberal and benevolent one. He reformed the land tax system. The land
has been recharged. The power of the zamindars was abolished from the chiefs.
He conquered the territories of northern India and annexed his kingdom. However, he had
conquered the territories of southern India, convinced them to accept his authority and give a
considerable amount of money annually as a tribute to him. Alauddin was illiterate, but he was
highly regarded by scholars. There were many great scholars, poets, historians, and
philosophers in his court. Amir Khusro previously lived in the court of Muhammad, son of
Balban. It came to him after his death. He was called Parrot of India. He was also a good singer.
https://www.historyjournal.net/article/10/1-1-10-519.pdf
a) What measures did Alaudin Khilji implement to establish peace and security within his realm?
Page 3 of 10
CNS/Term1/2023-2024/History/P1
[2]
[2]
a) What was unique about Alauddin Khilji's approach to governance and administration?
[3]
Source D
Mecca was a prosperous city whose wealth and influence were based on the caravan trade and
on the Kaaba, a shrine and a place of pilgrimage housing the pagan deities then being
worshipped by the Arabs. Muhammad’s message, heralding a new socio-religious order based
on allegiance to one God—Allah—was unpopular among the leaders of Mecca, and they forced
Muhammad and his followers to emigrate north to the oasis town Yathrib (Medina). This
occurred in 622, the
Page 4 of 10
CNS/Term1/2023-2024/History/P1
year of the hijra, or “emigration,” which marks the beginning of the Muslim calendar. In Medina,
Muhammad continued to attract followers, and, within a few years, Mecca had also largely
embraced Islam. Upon his return to Mecca, one of the Prophet’s first acts was to cleanse the
Kaaba of its idols and rededicate the shrine to Allah. Although Muhammad died in 632, his
followers, led by a series of four caliphs (Arabic: khalifa, “successor”) known as the Rightly
Guided, continued to spread the message of Islam. Under their command, the Arab armies
carried the new faith and leadership from the Arabian Peninsula to the shores of the
Mediterranean and to the eastern reaches of Iran. While the full formation of a distinctive
Islamic artistic language took several centuries, the seeds were sown during the Prophet’s time.
Because it is through writing that the Quran is transmitted, the Arabic script was first
transformed and beautified in order that it might be worthy of divine revelation. Thus,
calligraphy started to gain prominence, becoming essential also to Islamic ornament.
https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/isla/hd_isla.htm
a) What factors contributed to the prosperity of Mecca before the rise of Islam?
[2]
b) Who led the spread of Islam after Muhammad's death, and what were they known as?
[2]
c) What significant event in Islamic history is marked by the year 622 CE, and what is its
significance?
Page 5 of 10
CNS/Term1/2023-2024/History/P1
[3]
a) Under whose reign did the Arabs achieve their greatest heights of intellectual and cultural
excellence? Where was the House of Wisdom established?
[2]
b) Mention one important reason for the decline of Buddhism in India after the Turkish
invasion and by whom was this done?
[2]
c) Who established the Khilji Dynasty, and what was the name of his nephew?
[2]
Page 6 of 10
CNS/Term1/2023-2024/History/P1
d) Give two points under the reorganization of the army done by Alauddin Khilji?
[2]
e) How did the Crusades pave the way for the Renaissance?
[3]
[3]
Page 7 of 10
CNS/Term1/2023-2024/History/P1
g) What did Mahmud do with the vast treasures he had looted from India?
[3]
h) Who stated that the Indians were not receptive to Arab learning and civilization and why?
[3]
Page 8 of 10
CNS/Term1/2023-2024/History/P1
1.
[2]
[1]
[1]
d) In which century did Christianity become the official religion of the Roman Empire?
[1]
Page 9 of 10
CNS/Term1/2023-2024/History/P1
2.
[1]
[1]
[1]
[2]
Page 10 of 10