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Sec3 - Addressing

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29 views14 pages

Sec3 - Addressing

Uploaded by

maxiprok7
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Network

Addres s ing
IP AND MAC
MAC Address(48 bits Type )
• MAC (Media Access Control) address, sometimes referred to
as a hardware or physical address, is a unique, 12-character
alphanumeric attribute that is used to identify individual
electronic devices on a network. An example of a MAC
address is: 00-B0-D0-63-C2-26.
How to find out the mac address
• In terminal Write getmac
• In terminal Write ipconfig/all
IP address
• Internet Protocol (IP) is a layer 3 protocol. Recall that a primary
function of layer 3 is routing of packets across different subnets. Every
interface that is connected to the network needs to have an IP
address for identification.
• An IP address is a 32-bit identifier that uniquely identifies an endpoint
on an IP network. Remembering a 32-bit IP address would be a
nightmare, so the address is represented as a dotted decimal
notation.
• the 32 bits are grouped into four octets having 8 bits each.
• IP address is a logical address, it is easy to build a hierarchy in the
addressing schema, which is required for routing the packets from
one network to another. All interfaces connected on one network
have a common network that is a logical identifier for the network.
This network number is embedded in the IP address itself, and can be
derived from the IP address using the network mask. Another way of
looking at the network number being embedded in the IP address is
to look at the IP address as a combination of the network number and
host number. The 32 bits of the IP address are divided into two parts:
the Network Bits on the left, and the Host Bits on the right:
• his is appended to the IP address in the dotted decimal notation. As
an example, since the number of network bits in the preceding
example is 16, the IP address will be written as 166.75.229.22/16.This
means that the IP address is 166.75.229.22 and the network mask is
a/16.
• Sometimes the network mask is also represented in the dotted
decimal notation. To get the dotted decimal notation of the network
mask, write the first n bits in the 32 bits as 1, and the remaining
trailing bits as 0. Then, convert the resultant 32-bit number into the
dotted decimal notation. We use the method shown in the following
figure to convert the network mask of/16 into the dotted decimal
notation:
•
• If we look only at the network bits and replace all the host bits with a
0, the resultant 32-bit representation is called the network identifier.
For the IP address example that we considered earlier, and assuming
the network mask is /16, the network identifier is as derived in the
following figure:
IP Class

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