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Week5 Lecture1

python lesson

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14 views22 pages

Week5 Lecture1

python lesson

Uploaded by

katherine.rinaldi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Objects & Strings: Operators & Methods.

Week 5 | Lecture 1 (5.1)


This Week’s Content
§ Lecture 4.1
§ Debugging
§ Lecture 4.2
§ Objects & Strings: Operators and Methods
§ Chapter 7
§ Lecture 4.3
§ Strings: Conversions, Indexing, Slicing, and
Immutability
§ Chapter 7
Let’s revisit our Turtle friend…
import turtle
LeBron = turtle.Turtle()

LeBron.right(90)
LeBron.forward(200)
LeBron.left(90)
LeBron.forward(100)

turtle.done()
Everything is an Object!
§ Python keeps track of every value,
variable, function, etc. as an object
§ There is a function that you can
call to confirm:
>>> isinstance(4, int) >>> isinstance(4, object)
True True
>>> isinstance(“Hello”, str) >>> isinstance(‘Hello”, object)
True True
Everything is an Object!

§ Remember the id (or identity) function


§ It returns each object’s location in memory

>>> id(4) >>> id(‘a’)


4482837280 140432546199344
>>> id(int) >>> id(str)
4482678880 4482716800
Memory Visualization Example
>>> difference = 20
>>> double = 2 * difference
>>> double
40
>>> difference = 5
>>> double
40
Objects have Methods
§ Each Python object has certain functions that can only be
applied to that object
§ These are called methods
§ The general form for calling a method is:

object_name.method_name(arguments)

§ Since methods are applied to objects, we need to provide


the object name with the “dot operator” (“.”) before the
method name. Look familiar?
Let’s revisit our friend LeBron…
import turtle
LeBron = turtle.Turtle()

LeBron.right(90)
LeBron.forward(200)
LeBron.left(90)
LeBron.forward(100)

turtle.done()
Let’s revisit our friend LeBron…
import turtle
LeBron = turtle.Turtle()

LeBron.begin_fill()
LeBron.color(‘red’)
LeBron.right(90)
LeBron.forward(200)
LeBron.left(90)
LeBron.forward(100)
LeBron.end_fill()

turtle.done()
Let’s Code!
§ Let’s take a look at how this works in
Python!
§ id function to get object’s memory address
§ isinstance function to determine object type Open your
§ Turtle LeBron drawing shapes!
notebook

Click Link:
1. String
Comparisons
RECAP: Input and Output
§ Python has a built-in Input/Output functions:
§ print – for displaying text to the user
§ input – for reading text from the user

§ These functions require a good


understanding of strings and string
formatting
Working with Strings
§ The string (str) type was briefly introduced in
previous weeks
§ Let’s take our string knowledge to the next level!
§ escape sequences
§ str operations
§ type conversion
§ str indexing and slicing
§ str methods
Escape Sequences
§ Special character called an escape character: \ (backslash)
§ When used in a string, the character following the escape
character is treated differently from normal.
Escape
Name Example Output
sequence
How
newline
\n “How\nare\nyou?” are
(ASCII - line feed)
you?
tab
\t ‘3\t4\t5’ 3 4 5
(ASCII - horizontal tab)
\\ backslash (\) ‘\\’ \

\’ single quote (‘) ‘don\’t’ don’t

\” double quote (”) “He says, \”Hi\”.” He says, “hi”.


Let’s Code!
§ Let’s take a look at how this works in
Python!
§ Working with the print function
§ Escape sequences!
§ New lines
Open your
§ Tabs
§ Quotes
notebook

Click Link:
2. Escape Sequences
String Operators
§ There are certain mathematical operators that can be applied on
strings
§ The * and + obey standard precedence rules (i.e. * before +)
§ All other mathematical operators and operands result in a TypeError

Expression Name Example Output


str1 + str2 concatenate str1 and str1 print('ab' + 'c') abc

str1 * int1 concatenate int1 copies of str1 print('a' * 5) aaaaa

int1 * str1 concatenate int1 copies of str1 print(4 * 'bc') bcbcbcbc


Let’s Code!
§ Let’s take a look at how this works in
Python!
§ Concatenation
§ + operator
§ * operator Open your
notebook

Click Link:
3. String Operators
Working with Strings
§ The string (str) type was briefly introduced in
previous weeks
§ Let’s take our string knowledge to the next level!
§ escape sequences
§ str operations
§ type conversion
§ str indexing and slicing
§ str methods
Type Conversion
§ The built-in function str takes any value and
returns a string representation of that value
§ Like our built-in functions int and float that
can take a string and attempt to return a number
representation of the string
>>> str(4) >>> int('12345') >>> float(‘-43.2’)
‘4’ 12345 -43.2

>>> str(4482678880) >>> int(-99.9) >>> float(’432’)


‘4482678880’ -99 432.0
Let’s Code!
§ Let’s take a look at how this works in
Python!
§ Type conversion
§ int/float to string
§ string to int/float Open your
notebook

Click Link:
4. Type Conversions
Breakout Coding Session!
§ Ask the user how many times they would like to see the string
”knock knock knock… Penny” repeated. Then, print it!
§ Can you customize the name?

Open Python
(Wing or Jupyter)

Work with your table


to solve this problem!
Consider this…
§ Ask the user how many times they would like to see the string
”knock knock knock… Penny” repeated, and print it!
§ Can you customize the name?

Hints for getting started:


§ Ask the user for a number of times (think: input function)
§ Remember input function returns a string…
§ Repeated string (think: concatenation, * operator might be useful)
§ Make the output readable (think: escape characters)
Objects & Strings: Operators & Methods.
Week 5 | Lecture 1 (5.1)

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