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week6_lecture2

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7 views24 pages

week6_lecture2

Uploaded by

katherine.rinaldi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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more for loops.

Week 6 | Lecture 2 (6.2)


This Week’s Content
▪ Lecture 6.1
▪ for loops
▪ Reading: 9.3, 9.4
▪ Lecture 6.2
▪ for loops on indices, nested loops
▪ Reading: 9.5 – 9.9
▪ Lecture 6.3
▪ Design Problem: Wordle
for loops name = ‘Sebastian’

▪ A for loop starts with for character in name:


the keyword for. print(character)

Output:
S
e
b
a
s
t
i
a
n
for loops name = ‘Sebastian’

▪ Next, we provide the for character in name:


name of one of more print(character)
variables.
▪ We have called the
variable character, but
you can call it whatever
you like as long as it
for item1, item2 in iterable:
follows rules for naming do something.
a variable.
for loops name = ‘Sebastian’

▪ Our variable character for character in name:


will be bound to each of print(character)
the items in the
sequence in turn.
Output:
S
e
b
a
s
t
i
a
n
for loops name = ‘Sebastian’

▪ Specify what the values for character in name:


are in. print(character)
▪ What is the iterable?
▪ An iterable is an object
that can be iterated over. Output:
▪ Strings are iterable (we S

know these from last


e
b
week). a
s
▪ Lists (next week) are t
iterable. i
a
n
for loops name = ‘Sebastian’

▪ As with the while loop, for character in name:


the for loop statement print(character)
ends with a colon.
▪ This is how Python
knows you are going to Output:
create a new block of S
e
code. b
a
s
t
i
a
n
for loops name = ‘Sebastian’

▪ Indenting four spaces for character in name:


tells Python what lines of print(character)
code are in that block
you want to repeated.
Output:
S
e
b
a
s
t
i
aIndent
n
Breakout Session 1
▪ We want to do some analysis of
Dean Yip’s Tweets.
▪ Before we can do this, we’ll need Open your
to make the tweet all lower case
and replace all the punctuations notebook
with white space.
▪ ‘impact... Exciting’ → ‘impact exciting‘
Click Link:
1. Breakout Session 1
Today’s Content

▪Looping through indices with a for loop.


▪Nested for loops.
Looping Through Indices
▪ Last lecture we saw that we can use while loops to loop
over the indices of a string.
▪ Then we saw that a for-loop requires less code but it
iterates over the values, not the indices.

while for
i = 0 for character in chrome_4:
while i < len(chrome_4): print(character)
print(i, chrome_4[i])
i += 1
Looping Through Indices

▪Can we use a for loop to loop over indices?

while for
i = 0 for character in chrome_4:
while i < len(chrome_4): print(character)
print(i, chrome_4[i])
i += 1
Looping on a range()
▪Python has a built-in function called range() that
can be used to generate a sequence of numbers. The
general syntax of range is as follows:
range(start, stop, step)
▪ Similar to the string slicing syntax:
▪ The stop value is not included in the sequence of numbers
generated.
▪ Can omit start and step which will result in default values being
used. range(n) → range(0, n, 1)
Looping on a range()
▪ range() is typically used in a for
loop to iterate over a sequence of
numbers. Open your
▪ range() is an iterable.
notebook
This thing has to be an iterable.
Click Link:
for i in range(5): 2. Using range()
print(i)
Example 1

▪Add up all the even numbers


between 1 and 100 using a
for loop and range(). Open your
notebook
▪2+4+…..+96+98+100
Click Link:
3. Example 1
Breakout Session 2
▪ Write a function that returns the
number of times that a character
and the next character are the Open your
same.
▪ If you have a bug in a loop, with notebook
probability ~1 its an off-by-one
index error. Click Link:
count_adjacent_repeats('abccdeffggh’) 4. Breakout Session 2

>>> 3
Nested for Loops for item in iterable:
do something.
▪The bodies of loops
can contain any
statement, for i in range(10, 13):
including other for j in range(1, 5):
loops! print(i, j)
▪When this occurs, it Output
is known as a 10, 1
nested loop. 10, 2
10, 3
…
Nested for Loops

▪The bodies of loops


can contain any
statement, Open your
including other notebook
loops!
▪When this occurs, it Click Link:
is known as a 5. Nested for Loops
nested loop.
Turtles

▪Turtle is a pre-installed Python


library that enables users to
create pictures and shapes by Open your
providing them with a virtual notebook
canvas.
Click Link:
6. Turtles
Draw A Grid

▪Use Turtle and nested for


loops to draw a grid.
Open your
notebook

Click Link:
7. Grid
Breakout Session 3
▪ Use Turtle and nested for loops to
draw the pattern below.
We just finished this.
Open your
notebook

Click Link:
4. Breakout Session 3
Lecture Recap
▪The general form of a for loops.
for item in iterable:
do something.
▪Iterable types have indices and items.
▪For loops always iterate over the items in the
iterable variable.
▪Using range(start, end, step) we can keep
track of where we are in a sequence (i.e. index).
Advanced Turtles

▪Create a function that draws a


polygon at (x, y).
Open your
notebook

Click Link:
draw_polygon(x, y, 8. Advanced Turtles
num_sides,
side_length)
more for loops.
Week 6 | Lecture 2 (6.2)

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