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2 - Number Systems

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17 views38 pages

2 - Number Systems

Uploaded by

ayusssssh100
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Number System

Chapter 1
Recap
 What is Computer?
 Main components of a computer
 Memory
 Types of Memory
 Programming Language
 Number System
Decimal Number: Number System
Set of values comprising a digit 0 to 9 (base-10)
Binary Number:
Set of values comprising a digit 0 and 1 (base – 2)
Octal Number:
Set of values comprising a digit 0 to 7 (base – 8)
Hexa – decimal Number:
Set of values comprising a digit 0 to 15 (base – 16)
10A, 11B, 12C, 13D, 14E, 15F
Conversion Among Bases
• The possibilities:

Decimal Octal

Binary Hexadecimal
Binary to Decimal Example

5 4 3 2 1 0
1 1 0 0 0 1

1 X 20 = 1
0 X 21 = 0
0 X 22 = 0
0 X 23 = 0
1 X 24 = 16
1 X 25 = 32
________________

49
Decimal to Binary Example
• Let n = 16
2 16
2 8 0
2 4 0
2 2 0
2 1 0
0 1
So, 16 = 10000
Binary to Octal
000 ---- 0
001 ---- 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0
010 ---- 2
011 ---- 3 5 4 6
100 ---- 4
101 ---- 5
110 ---- 6 (101100110)2=(546)8
111 ---- 7
Binary to Hexadecimal
Homework
1. (1001000101)2=(?)8 = (1105)8
2. (38)10=(?)2 = (100110)2
3. (10000111101110)2=(?)16 = (21EE)16
4. (1001110110)2=(?)10 = (630)10
5. (896)10=(?)2 = (1110000000)2
Solutions
Decimal to Octal
Decimal Octal

Binary Hexadecimal
Decimal to Octal
•Technique
•Divide by 8
•Keep track of the remainder
Example
123410 = ?8
8 1234
8 154 2
8 19 2
8 2 3
0 2

123410 = 23228
Decimal to Hexadecimal

Decimal Octal

Binary Hexadecimal
Decimal to Hexadecimal
•Technique
•Divide by 16
•Keep track of the remainder
Example
123410 = ?16
16 1234
16 77 2
16 4 13 = D
0 4

123410 = 4D216
Octal to Binary

Decimal Octal

Binary Hexadecimal
Octal to Binary
•Technique
•Convert each octal digit to a 3-bit
equivalent binary representation
Example
7058 = ?2
7 0 5

111 000 101

7058 = 1110001012
Octal to Decimal

Decimal Octal

Binary Hexadecimal
Octal to Decimal
•Technique
• Multiply each bit by 8n, where n is the
“weight” of the bit
• The weight is the position of the bit, starting
from 0 on the right
• Add the results
Example
7248 => 4 x 80 = 4
2 x 81 = 16
7 x 82 = 448
46810
Octal to Hexadecimal
Decimal Octal

Binary Hexadecimal
Octal to Hexadecimal
•Technique
•Use binary as an intermediary
Example
10768 = ?16
1 0 7 6

001 000 111 110


2 3 E
10768 = 23E16
Hexadecimal to Binary
Decimal Octal

Binary Hexadecimal
Hexadecimal to Binary
•Technique
•Convert each hexadecimal digit to a 4-bit
equivalent binary representation
Example
10AF16 = ?2
1 0 A F

0001 0000 1010 1111

10AF16 = 00010000101011112
Hexadecimal to Decimal
Decimal Octal

Binary Hexadecimal
Hexadecimal to Decimal
• Technique
• Multiply each bit by 16n, where n is the
“weight” of the bit
• The weight is the position of the bit, starting
from 0 on the right
• Add the results
Example
ABC16 => C x 160 = 12 x 1 = 12
B x 161 = 11 x 16 = 176
A x 162 = 10 x 256 = 2560
274810
Hexadecimal to Octal
Decimal Octal

Binary Hexadecimal
Hexadecimal to Octal
• Technique
• Use binary as an intermediary
Example
1F0C16 = ?8 1 F 0 C

0001 1111 0000 1100


1 7 4 1 4

1F0C16 = 174148
Exercise – Convert ...
Hexa-
Decimal Binary Octal decimal
33
1110101
703
1AF
Don’t use a calculator!
Exercise – Convert …

Answer
Hexa-
Decimal Binary Octal decimal
33 100001 41 21
117 1110101 165 75
451 111000011 703 1C3
431 110101111 657 1AF
Thank You

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