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Session 15

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26 views6 pages

Session 15

Uploaded by

vksvs25
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Session 15: MongoDB Queries

o Create Operations
Create a database in MongoDB
Create a new database run any command against a non-existing database, and MongoDB
will automatically create it for you.
Use: insertOne() or insertMany() methods. If database is not available then first it will
create the database.
insertOne(): The insertOne() method is used to insert a new document into a collection.
[Note: cls command will be used for clear the screen.]
To show whether data base is created or not use
Show dbs command.
To switch between the database, use the command:
Use database_name;
Creating a New Collection:
Syntax: db.createCollection(name)
Example: db.createCollection("users")
Topic2.Creating Records: Create new documents to a collection in MongoDB:

1. insertOne():Adding a single document to a collection is done using this method. A


document to be added is the only argument it accepts, and it returns a result object
with details about the insertion.
Syntax: db.collectionName.insertOne()
Example: db.users.insertOne({ name: "Angela",age: 27,});
2. insertMany()
This method is used to insert multiple documents into a collection at once. It takes an
array of documents as its argument and returns a result object that contains
information about the insertion.
Syntax: db.collectionName.insertMany([ ]);
Example: db.users.insertMany([
{
name: "Angela",
age: 27,
},
{
name: "Dwight",
age: 30,
},
{
name: "Jim",
age: 29,
}
]);

B.[Read Operations]
1. Read: The process of retrieving or viewing data from your database. In MongoDB,
this is done using the find() and findOne() methods.
Syntax: db.collectionName.find(query, projection)
Query - It specifies the selection criteria for the documents to be retrieved.
Projection - It specifies which fields to include or exclude in the result set.
Note: Both query and projection are optional.
 to include (1) or exclude (0) the field in the result set.
A. Find() : db.students.find({"regNo":"3014"})
Example: db.users.find()
Example: db.users.find({ age: { $gt: 29 } }, { name: 1, age: 1 })
B. findOne():The findOne() method is used to retrieve a single document from a
collection.
Syntax: db.collectionName.findOne()
let student = db.collection('students').findOne({ name: 'Logged In Student' });
console.log(student);
Example: db.users.findOne({ name: "Jim" })
o Update Operations:
Update" operation is used to modify existing documents in a collection. We have
three updateOne(), updateMany(), or replaceOne() methods.
A. updateOne()
The updateOne() method is used to update a single document that matches a
specified filter.
Syntax: db.collectionName.updateOne(filter, update, options)
a.Update: an optional Boolean that specifies whether to insert a new
document if no document matches the filter.
 If Update is set to true and no document matches the filter, a
new document will be inserted. The default value of Update is
false.
Example: db.users.updateOne({ name: "Angela" },
{ $set: { email: "[email protected]" } })
Available operations:
 $set: Sets the value of a field in a document. If the field does not exist,
the set will create it.
 $unset: Removes a field from a document.
 $inc: Increments the value of a field in a document by a specified amount.
db.products.insertOne(

_id: 1,

Product: "Car",

quantity: 10,

metrics: { orders: 3, ratings: 4.5 }

 increase the "metrics.orders" field by 1


 increase the quantity field by -2 (which decreases quantity)
db.products.updateOne(

{ Product: "Car" },

{ $inc: { quantity: -3, "metrics.orders": 1 } }

db.products.find() // output
{
_id: 1,
Product: 'Car',
quantity: 7,
metrics: {
orders: 4,
ratings: 4.5
}
}
 $push: Adds an element to the end of an array field in a document. If the field does not
exist, push will create it as an array with the specified element.
db.sunil2.updateOne({ name: "Angela" },
{ $push : { "Gender":"Male" } })
 $pull: Removes all occurrences of a specified value from an array field in a document.
db.fruit.insertMany( [
{
_id: 1,
fruits: [ "apples", "pears", "oranges", "grapes", "bananas" ],
vegetables: [ "carrots", "celery", "squash", "carrots" ]
},
{
_id: 2,
fruits: [ "plums", "kiwis", "oranges", "bananas", "apples" ],
vegetables: [ "broccoli", "zucchini", "carrots", "onions" ]
}
])
db.fruit.find()

B. updateMany: The updateMany () method is used to update multiple documents


that match a specified filter.
Syntax: db.collectionName.updateMany(filter, update, options)
Example: db.users.updateMany({ age: { $lt: 30 } }, { $set: { status: "active" } })
Deleting Data
Delete: Used to remove documents from a collection. We can delete documents
using the deleteOne( ) or deleteMany( ) methods.
A. deleteOne() : The deleteOne() method is used to remove a single document
that matches a specified filter.
Syntax: db.collectionName.deleteOne(filter, options)
 filter: Specifies deletion criteria using query operators. Specify an
empty document { } to delete the first document returned in the
collection
Example: db.users.deleteOne({ name: "Angela" })
B. deleteMany():used to remove multiple documents that match a specified
filter.
Syntax: db.collectionName.deleteMany(filter, options)
Example: db.users.deleteMany({ age: { $lt: 30 } })
db.collection('students').deleteOne({ name: 'Aniket' });
db.collection('students').deleteMany({ major: 'Undeclared' });
3. drop() :The drop() method is used to remove an entire collection.
Syntax: db.collectionName.drop()
Example: db.users.drop() // Output: true
Note: This operation is irreversible, and all data in the collection will be permanently
deleted.
Querying NoSQL Stores: There are few key queries in NOSQL-
1. greater than [ $gt ]
test {
"Brand":"Benz"
"Max_Speed":250
"Color":"Green"
}
db.test.find({Max_speed: {$gt:100}}).pretty() // test is the database name
 pretty() method is used to configure the cursor to display results in an easy-to-read
format.
2. $eq – This operator is used to check 2 values and returns the data which is equal to the
specified value.
db.test.find({Max_speed: {$eq:250}}}.pretty()
3. $gte (greater than or equal to)
4. $lte (lesser than or equal to)
5. $lt(less than ),
6. $ne (Not equal)
7. ($and) operator.
db.test.find({$and:[{Max_speed:{$lt:500}},{Brand: {$eq:"Benz"}}}.pretty()}]})

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