1. Define Open Source.

A software for which source code is freely available with a license to study, change and
further distributed to any other individual for any purpose is called open source software.

2. Difference between Free Software and Open-Source Software.

Free Software Free Software

Free software usually refers open source Your source code is accessible to anyone to
under GNU GPL license. Because the word read and modify and redistribute depending
free in English means without cost the terms on license conditions. Publishing source
open source was created. code online without the public being able to
modify them doesn’t make lots of sense.
Software freedom translates to social Ethics are to be associated to the people not
freedom. to the software.
Examples: The Free Software Directory Examples: Prime examples of open-source
maintains a large database of free- software products are the Apache HTTP Server, the e-
packages. Some of the best- known commerce platform or Commerce, internet
examples include the Linux kernel, Linux browsers Mozilla Firefox and Chromium (the
operating systems, the GNU Compiler project where the vast majority of
Collection and C library; the MySQL development of the freeware Google
relational database; the Apache web server; Chrome is done) and the full office suite
and the Sendmail mail transport agent. LibreOffice.

3. Advantages of Open-Source Software

1.Cost Effective
 Generally an open source software is free to use. The users does not require to pay for
the usage. It can be installed free of cost without any expenses.
2. Reliability
 High reliability can be ensured when using an open source software.
 The open source software is created by expert developers and guided by them.
Therefore, there is very less chance that someone will identify flaws in the software.
3.Flexibility
 Free to modify. Users do not need to stick to the provider's requirements.
4.Scalability
 Similar to a Linux operating system, an open source software can also be scaled easily.
 According to the needs, an open source software can be scaled up and down so that
businesses could achieve their desired results.
5.Licensing
 Open source software offers convenient license schemes. Thus, the users do not need to
worry about monitoring and tracking. And regardless of the location, an open source
software could also be used. Moreover, it does not pose any restrictions on the number of
times it can be installed.
 6.Error Free
 The number of people involve in maintaining an open source software is more in
hundreds and thousands. Usually they are present as a community. These people make sure
that the software is error free of bugs.
 Once a user identifies a bug, they could report it to the community so that the community
could fix it as soon as possible. Releasing a patch will not take longer time since the source
code is available to everyone.

4. What is Argo UML?

ArgoUML is an open source Unified Modeling Language (UML) modeling tool.

5. Configuration Argo UML

The configuration of ArgoUML is separated in different places.
 You have a classical "settings" menu where you are able to configure the user interface
options like language or appearances.
 It is also there that you enable or disable the associated modules, like the Java code
generator and some of their settings.
 The "Critique" menu allows to toggle design critics that create "todos" elements during
your modeling activity and to adjust the importance of critics.

6. Write the Features of Argo UML.

 Class diagram
 State chart diagram
 Activity diagram
 Use Case diagram
 Collaboration diagram
 Deployment diagram (includes Object and Component diagram in one)
 Sequence diagram

7. What is Git? Write the uses of Git.

Git (Global Information Tracker) is an open source version control system.
Git is used for:
 Tracking code changes
 Tracking who made changes
 Coding collaboration

8. What is Bugzilla?
Bugzilla is a bug tracking tool that helps to track the issues related to their product.

9. Write the Features of Bugzilla.

 Email Notifications controlled by user preferences
You will get an email if any changes are made in the Bugzilla, and the notifications that you
get on which bug is totally controlled by the user preferences.
 Time Tracking
Bugzilla also provides the feature of time tracking. You can determine how many hours a
bug will take to get fixed and you can also even track the hours that you need to spend on
the bug. You can also set the deadline by which the bug needs to be fixed.
 Request System
The request system is a way of asking other users to do something with a bug. The user can
either grant the request or deny the request, and Bugzilla will keep track of the answer.
 Reports and Charts
Bugzilla provides an advanced reporting system. If you want to know how the database of a
bug looks like, then you can create the two fields across the X-axis and Y-axis. With the help
of search criteria, you can limit the information of a bug. You can also export these reports
in CSV format.

10. What is Trac?

Trac is an open-source, web-based project management and bug tracking system. It has been
adopted by a variety of organizations for use as a bug tracking system for both free and open-
source software and proprietary projects and products.

11. What is Apache Web Server?

Apache Web Server is a free and open-source web server that delivers web content through the
internet.

12. What is Mozilla Firefox?

Mozilla Firefox is a Free/Open Source (FLOSS) browser supported by the Mozilla Foundation.

13. What is LibreOffice? Explain the applications.

LibreOffice is a powerful and free office suite, a successor to Open Office (.org), used by millions
of people around the world.
1. LibreOffice Writer
A word processor with similar functionality and file support to Microsoft Word or
WordPerfect.
Features:

1. Writing
LibreOffice Writer lets you create both basic documents, such as memos, faxes, letters ,
resumes and merge documents, as well as long and complex or multi-part documents,
complete with bibliographies, reference tables and indexes.

2. Desktop Publishing with LibreOffice Writer

LibreOffice Writer contains numerous desktop publishing and drawing tools to assist
you in creating professionally styled documents, such as brochures, newsletters and
invitations. You can format your documents with multi-column
layouts, frames, graphics, tables, and other objects.

3. Flexible Application Interface

The program interface is designed so that you can configure it according to your
preferences, including customizing icons and menus. You can position various program
 windows, such as the Styles window or the Navigator as floating windows anywhere on
the screen. You can also dock some windows to the edge of the workspace.

2. LibreOffice Calc
LibreOffice Calc is the spreadsheet component of LibreOffice. You can enter data (usually
numerical) in a spreadsheet and then manipulate this data to produce certain results.
Features:

1. Calculations
LibreOffice Calc provides you with functions, including statistical and banking functions,
that you can use to create formulas to perform complex calculations on your data.

2. Database Functions
LibreOffice Calc lets you drag-and-drop tables from databases, or lets you use a
spreadsheet as a data source for creating form letters in LibreOffice Writer.

3. Dynamic Charts
LibreOffice Calc lets you present spreadsheet data in dynamic charts that update
automatically when the data changes.

3. LibreOffice impress
A presentation program resembling Microsoft PowerPoint. Presentations can be exported as
SWF files, allowing them to be viewed on any computer with Adobe Flash Player installed.
Features:

1. Creating Vector Graphics

Many of the tools for creating vector graphics in LibreOffice Draw are available in
LibreOffice Impress.

2. Creating Slides
LibreOffice Impress provides you with templates to create professional-looking slides.
You can also assign a number of dynamic effects to your slides, including animation and
transition effects.

3. Creating Presentations
Several views or pages are available when you design a slide show. For example, the
Slide Sorter displays an overview of your slides in thumbnail form, while the Handout
page contains both the slide and the text you want to distribute to the audience.
LibreOffice Impress also lets you rehearse the timing of your slide show.

4. Publishing Presentations
You can publish your slides on-screen, as handouts, or as HTML documents.

5. Giving Presentations
LibreOffice Impress gives you the choice of running a slide show automatically or
manually.
4. LibreOffice Draw
A vector graphics editor and diagramming tool similar to Microsoft Visio and Corel DRAW. It
provides connectors between shapes, which are available in a range of line styles, and
facilitates building drawings such as flowcharts.
Features:

1. Vector Graphics
LibreOffice Draw creates vector graphics using lines and curves defined by mathematical
vectors. Vectors describe lines, ellipses, and polygons according to their geometry.

2. Creating 3D Objects
You can create simple 3D objects such as cubes, spheres, and cylinders in LibreOffice
Draw and even modify the light source of the objects.

3. Grids and Snap Lines

Grids and snap lines provide a visual cue to help you align objects in your drawing. You
can also choose to snap an object to a grid line, snap line or to the edge of another
object.

4. Connecting Objects to Show Relationships

You can connect objects in LibreOffice Draw with special lines called "connectors" to
show the relationship between objects. Connectors attach to gluepoints on drawing
objects and remain attached when the connected objects are moved. Connectors are
useful for creating organization charts and technical diagrams.

5. LibreOffice base
The LibreOffice base is a tool to create and manage databases.
Features:
1. Database Creation and Management
 File-based databases: Supports standalone databases using built-in engines like HSQLDB
or Firebird.
 Connection to external databases: Can connect to popular external database systems
such as MySQL, PostgreSQL, MariaDB, SQLite, Microsoft Access, and Oracle.
 Table creation and design: Includes a graphical interface for defining table structures,
data types, and constraints.

2. Query Design and Execution

 SQL support: Allows writing and executing SQL queries directly.
 Query wizard: Provides a user-friendly wizard for creating queries without needing SQL
knowledge.
 Graphical query builder: Drag-and-drop interface for defining relationships and
selecting fields.

3. Forms and Reports

 Form creation: Enables the design of user-friendly forms for data entry and navigation.
 Report generation: Includes tools to create detailed and customized reports for data
analysis and presentation.
4. Data Integration
 Cross-platform compatibility: Works seamlessly with other LibreOffice components like
Writer and Calc, enabling easy data import/export.
 Import/export capabilities: Supports formats like CSV, Excel, and other common
database file types.
 Mail merge support: Can integrate with Writer to perform mail merges using database
data

6. LibreOffice Math Formula

An application designed for creating and editing mathematical formulas.

1. Creating a Formula
As with charts and images, formulas are created as objects within a document. Inserting
a formula into a document automatically starts LibreOffice Math. You can create, edit
and format the formula using a large selection of predefined symbols and functions.

2. Typing a Formula Directly

If you are familiar with the LibreOffice Math language, you can also type a formula
directly into the document.
For example, type this formula into a text document: "a sup 2 + b sup 2 = c sup 2". Select
this text and choose Insert - Object - Formula. The text will be converted into a
formatted formula.

3. Creating a Formula in the Commands Window

Use the LibreOffice Math Commands window to enter and edit formulas. As you make
entries in the Commands window, you see the results in the document. To maintain an
overview when creating long and complicated formulas, use the Formula Cursor on the
Tools bar. When this function is activated, the cursor location within the Commands
window is also shown in the text window.

14. What is Vi editor? Mention the modes.

Vi editor is a powerful and widely used text editor in UNIX and Linux operating system. It allows
us to create, edit and manage text files.
1. Command mode
2. Insert mode
3. Exit mode