IOT Questions & Answers
IOT Questions & Answers
1. Interconnectivity: IoT devices are connected through various network protocols, enabling
seamless data exchange.
2. Sensing: Sensors collect environmental or operational data, crucial for IoT functionality.
3. Data Processing and Analysis: IoT systems process raw data to provide actionable insights using
AI and machine learning.
1. Healthcare: IoT devices like wearable health monitors track vital signs, enabling remote patient
care.
2. Smart Agriculture: IoT sensors monitor environmental conditions like soil moisture, improving
crop management.
3. Transportation: IoT enables real-time tracking of vehicles, improving logistics and reducing
delays.
1. Sensors and Actuators: Collect data and perform actions based on processed data.
2. IoT Gateway: Aggregates and pre-processes data before sending it to the cloud.
(a) Hydraulic Actuators: Use fluid pressure to create motion, ideal for heavy-duty applications like
cranes.
(b) Pneumatic Actuators: Employ compressed air to move devices, commonly used in manufacturing.
(c) Electric Actuators: Utilize electrical energy for precise movements, found in robotics and automation.
Power Source Do not require an external power source Require external power
9. Privacy and security are among the significant challenges of IoT, discuss.
• Weak Encryption: Poorly secured communication channels make IoT systems vulnerable.
10. With the help of examples, differentiate between IoT network protocol and data protocol.
• IoT Network Protocols: Handle device connectivity (e.g., Zigbee, LoRaWAN).
• IoT Data Protocols: Manage data format and transmission (e.g., MQTT, CoAP).
11. Differentiate between IPv4 and IPv6, give three features of each.
(a) IoT Node: Devices like sensors or actuators that interact with the environment.
(b) IoT Gateway: Facilitates data transfer between nodes and cloud.
(c) IoT Proxy: Optimizes communication by acting as an intermediary.
Gateway Prefix Allotment ensures unique identification of devices within a network, reducing data
collisions and improving routing efficiency.
• Methods:
o Multiple Link Multihoming: Multiple devices connected to various ISPs for better fault
tolerance.
RFID tags track and identify objects wirelessly, enabling applications in inventory management, smart
transportation, and retail.
20. Why is the need for Interoperability important to fulfill the IoT objectives?
Interoperability ensures seamless communication and operation among heterogeneous IoT devices and
systems, which is crucial for scalability and efficiency.