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Little Human Eye Note

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17 views2 pages

Little Human Eye Note

Uploaded by

daramoralesss01
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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1.

The Role of the Eye in Image Formation

The human eye is a complex organ that enables vision by forming images
on the retina. Key parts involved in image formation include:

 Cornea: The transparent outer layer that refracts (bends) light into
the eye.

 Lens: A flexible, convex structure that fine-tunes the focus of light


onto the retina.

 Iris and Pupil: The iris controls the size of the pupil, regulating the
amount of light entering the eye.

 Retina: The light-sensitive layer where the image is formed. It


contains rods (for dim light) and cones (for color vision).

 Optic Nerve: Transmits visual information from the retina to the


brain.

2. Comparison of the Human Eye and a Camera

Feature Human Eye Camera

Lens Flexible lens changes shape Fixed or adjustable lens for


for focusing. focusing.

Aperture Pupil regulates the amount of Aperture controls light


light. entry.

Image Retina converts light into Image sensor records light


Sensor neural signals. as an image.

Focus Achieved by ciliary muscles Achieved by adjusting the


adjusting lens. lens position.

3. Defects of the Eye and Their Causes

 Myopia (Short-sightedness):

o Cause: Eyeball is too long or lens is too curved.

o Effect: Distant objects appear blurry.

 Hypermetropia (Long-sightedness):

o Cause: Eyeball is too short or lens is too flat.

o Effect: Close objects appear blurry.


 Astigmatism:

o Cause: Irregular curvature of the cornea or lens.

o Effect: Blurred or distorted vision.

 Presbyopia:

o Cause: Loss of lens elasticity due to aging.

o Effect: Difficulty focusing on close objects.

4. Correction of Vision Defects

 Myopia: Corrected using concave (diverging) lenses to spread


light before it enters the eye.

 Hypermetropia: Corrected using convex (converging) lenses to


focus light onto the retina.

 Astigmatism: Corrected using cylindrical lenses to address


irregular curvature.

 Presbyopia: Corrected using bifocal or progressive lenses to


accommodate both near and distant vision.

5. Conservation of Momentum (Extra Concept)

 Definition: The total momentum of a system of interacting objects


remains constant, provided no external force acts on it.

Formula: Where:

o : Masses of objects

o : Initial velocities

o : Final velocities

Examples:

o Collision between two objects.

o Recoil of a gun.

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