Lab Manual: Fundamentals of Computer Applications - I

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List of Experiments:

1. Introduction to Computer System and Basic Operations

2. MS Word – Document Creation and Formatting

3. MS Excel – Data Handling and Formulas

4. MS PowerPoint – Presentation Creation

5. Introduction to Internet and Web Browsing

6. Introduction to Programming Concepts (C Programming)

7. Basic File Handling and Directories

8. Introduction to Algorithms and Flowcharts

9. Debugging and Error Handling in C

10. Data Structures Basics (Arrays and Linked Lists)

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Experiment 1: Introduction to Computer System and Basic Operations

Aim: To understand the basic functioning of a computer system, components, and their usage.

Theory:

- Computer System Components: Hardware (Input, Output devices), Software (System Software,
Application Software).

- Operating System (OS): Role of OS, File management, User Interface.

- Types of Computers: Analog, Digital, Hybrid.

- Basic Operations: Booting, shutdown, file management (create, delete, move).

Procedure:

1. Start the system and log in to the computer.

2. Identify components : CPU, keyboard, monitor, mouse, etc.

3. Open the operating system interface (Windows/Linux).

4. Create a file using the text editor.

5. Save, rename, and delete files.

6. Shut down the system.

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Experiment 2: MS Word – Document Creation and Formatting

Aim:

To learn how to create, format, and manage documents using Microsoft Word.

Theory:

- Word Processing Software: Overview of MS Word features (menus, toolbars).

- Document Formatting: Text styles, paragraphs, tables, images, etc.

Procedure:

1. Open MS Word.

2. Create a new document and type sample text.

3. Apply font styles (bold, italics, underline).

4. Format paragraphs (alignment, indentation, line spacing).

5. Insert tables and images.

6. Save the document in different formats (e.g., .docx, .pdf).

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 Experiment 3: MS Excel – Data Handling and Formulas

Aim:

To understand data handling, formulas, and functions in MS Excel.

Theory:

- MS Excel Interface: Rows, columns, cells, and sheets.

- Formulas and Functions: SUM, AVERAGE, IF, COUNT, etc.

- Data Formatting: Cell alignment, number formats, and charts.

Procedure:

1. Open MS Excel and create a new workbook.

2. Enter data in rows and columns.

3. Use formulas to calculate SUM, AVERAGE, etc.

4. Create a simple chart using the data entered.

5. Format cells (currency, date, number).

6. Save the workbook.

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 Experiment 4: MS PowerPoint – Presentation Creation

Aim:

To create an interactive and visually appealing presentation using MS PowerPoint.

Theory:

- PowerPoint Interface: Slides, themes, text boxes, media insertions.

- Slide Transitions: Animation, background, slide layout.

- Presentation Skills: Preparing and organizing slides.

Procedure:

1. Open MS PowerPoint.

2. Create a new presentation.

3. Add slides with various layouts (Title Slide, Text Slide, Image Slide).

4. Insert images and charts.

5. Apply slide transitions and animations.

6. Save the presentation and practice presenting.

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 Experiment 5: Introduction to Internet and Web Browsing

Aim:

To understand the basics of the internet and web browsing techniques.

Theory:

- Internet Basics: Definition, services (WWW, email, FTP).

- Web Browsers: Google Chrome, Mozilla Firefox, etc.

- Searching and Browsing: Search engines, URL, hyperlinks.

Procedure:

1. Open a web browser (Chrome, Firefox, etc.).

2. Navigate to websites like www.google.com.

3. Use search engines to search for information.

4. Open links and explore websites.

5. Use bookmarking to save useful sites.

6. Close the browser.

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 Experiment 6: Introduction to Programming Concepts (C Programming)

Aim:

To learn the basics of C programming and structure of a C program.

Theory:

- C Programming Language: Introduction, syntax, structure.

- Basic I/O operations: `printf()`, `scanf()`.

- Variables and Data Types: Integer, float, character.

Procedure:

1. Open a C programming IDE (e.g., Turbo C++, Code::Blocks, DevC++).

2. Write a simple program that prints "Hello, World!".

3. Compile and run the program.

4. Modify the program to take user input and print the input.

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 Experiment 7: Basic File Handling and Directories

Aim:

To understand file handling concepts in the operating system.

Theory:

- File Operations: Creating, opening, reading, writing, and closing files.

- Directories: Structure, creation, navigation using commands (mkdir, cd).

Procedure:

1. Create a directory using `mkdir` (in Command Prompt or terminal).

2. Create a file using a text editor.

3. Write some content in the file and save it.

4. Read the file using the `cat` or `more` command (for Linux).

5. Delete the file and directory.

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 Experiment 8: Introduction to Algorithms and Flowcharts

Aim:

To learn how to design algorithms and represent them through flowcharts.

Theory:

- Algorithm Design: Step-by-step process for problem-solving.

- Flowcharting: Visual representation of algorithms using symbols.

Procedure:

1. Select a simple problem (e.g., sum of two numbers).

2. Write an algorithm for solving the problem.

3. Draw a flowchart for the same algorithm.

4. Execute the algorithm manually or programmatically.

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 Experiment 9: Debugging and Error Handling in C

Aim:

To understand and resolve common errors in C programs.

Theory:

- Syntax Errors: Incorrect use of language constructs.

- Runtime Errors: Errors occurring during program execution.

- Logic Errors: Errors in the logic of the program.

Procedure:

1. Write a program with common errors (e.g., missing semicolons, uninitialized variables).

2. Compile the program and fix the errors.

3. Run the corrected program.

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 Experiment 10: Data Structures Basics (Arrays and Linked Lists)

Aim:

To understand basic data structures like arrays and linked lists.

Theory:

- Arrays: Collection of elements of the same type.

- Linked Lists: A collection of nodes, where each node contains data and a pointer to the next node.

Procedure:

1. Write a C program to create and initialize an array.

2. Display the elements of the array using a loop.

3. Implement a simple linked list (inserting, displaying nodes).

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