5

MATHEMATICS
First Quarter-Week 5:
Solve routine and non-routine problems involving
addition and subtraction of fraction using
appropriate problem strategies and tools
 This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help
you master adding and subtracting fraction and mixed fractions with and without
regrouping. Real-life word problems involving addition and subtraction of fraction and
mixed fraction with and without regrouping were also given to support and understand
deeper the concept of this lesson.

At the end of this module, the learner will be able to: M5NS- Ie-84

Lesson 1: Add and subtract fraction and mixed fraction with and without
regrouping.
Lesson 2: Solve routine and non-routine problems involving addition and
subtraction of fraction using appropriate problem strategies and tools

Directions: Read each statement carefully. Choose the letter of the correct answer.

1 3
1. What is the sum of 2 and ?
4

3 1 1 1
A. B. 1 C. 2 D. 3
4 4 4 2

2. 3 added to 3 is equal to ________.

4 6
1 1 1 1
A. 1 B. 1 C. 1 D. 1
4 2 6 12

3 3
3. 6
subtracted from 4

1 1 1 1
A. 4
B.
2
C.
6
D.
12
1 1
4. 7 minus 3 8 is equal to _______.
4

1 1 1 1
A. 4 B. 5 8 C. 6 9 D. 7 10
8

1 1
5. Anna bought 5
2
kilogram of malagkit. She cooked 5 4 kilogram. How many kilograms
of malagkit were left?
A. ½ B. ¼ C. ¾ D. 1 ¼
 In the previous module, you have learned the different kinds of fractions.
 Fractions with the same denominators are called similar fractions.
 Fractions with different denominators are called dissimilar fractions.
 A fraction whose numerator is less than its denominator is called a proper fraction.
 A fraction with a numerator that is equal to or greater than the denominator is called an
improper fraction.
 A fraction with a numerator of 1 is called a unit fraction.
 A combination of a whole number and a fraction is called mixed number.

From the previous lesson, you learned about the different kinds of fractions. This
time, you are going to deal with adding and subtracting fractions and mixed numbers with
and without regrouping. Do this in a separate sheet of paper.

Problem No. 1
1 3
Mrs. Martinez bought 3 𝑚 of white cloth and 𝑚 of blue cloth. How many meters of
2 4
cloth did she buy in all?

Problem No. 2
1
Andrea is arranging pictures in two photo albums. She has filled 1 of the album with
4
colored and black and white photos of a picnic at the river. One-fifth of the filled pages
has black and white photos. What part of the filled pages have colored photos?
Solution: 1
We want to know how many meters of cloth that Mrs. Martinez bought. To solve
1 3
for the sum of 3 2 + 5, here are the following steps.

Step 1: Align the fraction and compare the denominators.

1
3
2
+ 3 different denominators
5

Step 2: Find the Least Common Denominator ( LCD ). Rename the given as similar
fractions.
1 x 6 = 5
3 3
2 6 10
LCD
+ 3 x 2 = 6
5 2 10

Step 3: add the fractions. Write the whole number before the fraction sum.
1 = 5
3 3
2 10 ( 10 ÷ 2 ) =5 x 1= 5
+ 3 = 6
5 10 ( 10 ÷ 5 )= 2 x 3 = 6
𝟏𝟏
= 𝟑 (5+6)=11 improper fraction
𝟏𝟎
 Or 1 ( 11÷ 10 )
1
10
+ 3
1
4
10
𝟏
Answer: Mrs. Martinez bought 𝟒 𝟏𝟎 𝒎 of cloth in all

Other Examples:
A. 3 = 6 (8 ÷ 4)x 3= 2 x 3=6
4 8
+ 1 = 4 ( 8÷ 2) x 1= 4 x 1 =4
2 8
= 10 6 + 4 ( numerator)
8 denominator

Or 2 or 1
1 1 final answer
8 4
B. 5 = 20
2 2
6 24 (24÷6) = 4 x 5 =20
+
3 = 9
3 3
8 24 ( 24÷ 8) = 3 x 3 = 9

= 29 5
5 1
24 ( 29÷ 24) 24
+ 5
𝟓
𝟔
𝟐𝟒
Solution 2:
Subtract 1 from 1
1
5 4

Step 1: Align the fraction and compare the denominators.

1
1
4

_ 1 different denominators
5

Step 2: Find the LCM of the two different denominators This will be the LCD the least
common denominator Rename the given as similar fractions.

1 = ___
1
4 20

+ 1 = ___ LCD
5 20
Step 3: Write the equivalent fractions .

1 = 5
1 1
4 20 ( 20 ÷ 4 ) =5 x 1= 5
__
1 = 4
5 20 ( 20 ÷ 5 )= 4 x 1 = 4
Step 4: Subtract the numerators. Write the difference over the common denominator.
1 = 5
1 1
4 20

__ 1 = 4
5 20 ( 5-4 ) = 1 1 numerator
20 common denominators
Answer: 1 of the albums is filled with colored photos.
1
20

Other Examples:

Find the difference of 1 and 2

6 2
4 3
Step 1: Align the fraction and compare the denominators.

1
6
4

_ 2 different denominators
2
3

Step 2: Find the LCM of the two different denominators This will be the least common
denominator (LCD). Rename the given as similar fractions.

1 = ___
6
4 12

___ 2 = ___ LCD

2
3 12
Step 3: write the equivalent fractions .

1 = 3
6
4 12 ( 12 ÷ 4 ) =3 x 1= 3
__

2 = 8
2
3 12 ( 12 ÷ 3 )= 4 x 2 = 8
 Step 4: Subtract the numerators. Write the difference over the common denominator.

1 = 3 3 12 15
6 6 = 5 + =5
4 12 12 12 12

__ 2 = 8 8
2 2 = 2
3 12 12

15 8 7
5 __ 2 = 3
12 12 12
Note :Since 3 is less than 8, we need to regroup 1 whole number or 12 from 6. Therefore
12 12 12

6 will become 12 .
5
12

B. 3 __ 1
4 2 = ___________
5 6

3 18
4 4
- 5 = 30

1 5
2 2
6 = 30

= 13
2
30
 Activity 1
Perform the indicated operation then reduce your answer to the lowest term whenever possible.
1 1
1. 3 + 5

1 1
2. 2 4 + 2

1 1
3. 3 4 + 2 2

6 1
4. 12 − 4

3 2
5. 3 6 − 1 5

Activity 2: Perform the indicated operation then reduce your answer to the lowest term
whenever possible.

𝟐 𝟑
1) 𝟓
+ 𝟕
𝟒 𝟑
2) 𝟗 + 𝟒
𝟑 𝟓
3) 𝟐 𝟒 + 𝟔
𝟖 𝟐
4) 𝟗 − 𝟑
𝟑 𝟏
5) 𝟒 𝟒 − 𝟐 𝟐
Activity 3: Perform the indicated operation then reduce your answer to the lowest term
whenever possible.

1. 2 + 2
10 3

2. 6 + 1
3
7 2
3. 5 + 3
2
8 4

4. 9 __ 3
8 5

5. 3 __ 1
7 5
6 4

 To add similar fractions, add the numerators and then copy the
common denominators.
 To add dissimilar fractions
Find the LCD.
Add the numerators.
Write the sum over the common denominator.
Simplify whenever possible.
 To subtract dissimilar fractions, change dissimilar to similar
fractions before subtracting.
Reduce the answer to lowest term if possible.
 Activity 1: Perform the indicated operation then reduce your answer to the
lowest term whenever possible.

1. 6 + 4
8 5

2. 2 3
4 + 3
4 4

3. 3 + 5
4
7 6

4. 9 5 __ 1
7 3

5. 5 __ 2
6 5
6 3

Additional Activities
Perform the indicated operation then reduce your answer to the lowest term whenever possible.

2½ 2¾ =
+

4
1
8
=

=
 In this module, you will learn how to solve the routine and non-routine problems
involving addition and subtraction of fractions, using appropriate problem strategies and tools.
In answering word problem, take note of word clues, to help you figure out which
operation will be used.

Study the steps and analyze the given word problems below:
A. Leona and Trisha dicided to walk around Gloria Park. Leona walked 2 1/3 km
while Leona walked 2 ¼ km . How many kilometers did the two girls walk
altogether?
a. What is asked? The no. of kilometers, the two girls walked altogether?
b. What are given? 2 1/3 km and 2 ¼ km
c. What operation should be used? Addition ( altogether as word clue)
1 3
d. What is the number sentence? 2 1/3 + 2 ¼ =N
e. Show your solution:
Step by step Solution:
1 = 4
2 2
3 12 ( 12÷ 3) =4 x 1= 4

+ 1= 3
2 2
4 12 ( 12÷4) = 3 x 1= 3

7
4
12 Total no. of kilometers, the two girls walked altogether

B. Martha bought 8 ¾ m of materials for her blouse and an additional 3/8 m for cloth covered
buttons. How many meters of cloth did she buy in all?
a. What is asked? The no. of meters of cloth that Martha bought in all
b. What are given? 8 ¾ m and 3/8 m
c. What operation should be used? Addition ( all as word clue)
 1 3
d. What is the number sentence? 8 ¾ + 3/8 =N
e. Show your solution:
Step by step Solution:
3 = 6
8 8
4 8 ( 8÷ 4) =2 x 3= 6

+ 3= 3
8 8 ( 8÷8) = 1 x 3= 3

8 9
8 rename the improper fraction to mixed number

or 9÷8 = 1
1
8

9 1/8 final answer

C. Lanie decided to make 10 ½ liters of kalamasi juice for her friends who are practicing for
their drama play. If 9 ¼ liters of juice were served, how many liters of juice were left?
a.What is asked? The amount/liters of juice left
b.What are given? 10 ½ liters and 9 ¼ liters
c.What operation should be used? Subtraction ( left as word clue)
d.What is the number sentence? 10 ½ - 9 ¼ =N
e.Show your solution:
Step by step Solution:
1 = 2
10 10
2 4 ( 4÷ 2) =2 x 1= 2

- 1= 1
9 9
4 4 ( 4 ÷ 4) = 1 x 1= 1

1 ¼ amount of juice left

D. A piece of bamboo is 3 4/5 m long. Pablo cuts 2 ¼ m to be used for making pole. How
long is the remaining bamboo?
a. What is asked? The length of the remaining bamboo?
a. What are given? 3 4/5 m and 2 ¼ m
c. What operation should be used? Subtraction ( remain as word clue)
d. What is the number sentence? 3 4/5 - 2 ¼ =N
e. Show your solution:
 Step by step Solution:
4 = 16
3 3
5 20 ( 20÷ 5) =4 x 4= 16

- 1 = 5
1 1
4 20 ( 20 ÷ 4) = 5 x 1= 5

11
2
20 the remaining bamboo

Directions: analyze and solve the problem.

Activity 1
1) Joan used 1 ¾ kg of native chicken for pansit and 2 ½ kg of ground meat for the shanghai
roll. How many kgs. of meat did she use?

Activity 2
1) Alexis ordered 50 kilograms of NFA rice. Only 45 ½ kilograms of rice were delivered. How
many kilograms of rice were left undelivered?

Activity 3
1) Rita’s kitten weighs 4 ¾ kilogram. Ella’s puppy is 7 3/6 kilogram. What is the total weight
of the two animals?

To solve word problem, follow the steps and most of all analyzed the given real-
life problem. State what is asked, indicate the given data, analyze what operation to use,
write the number sentence, and perform the solution.
 1. A tailor used 2 2/6 meters of cloth for a pair of pants and 1 3/7 meters for a skirt. How many
meters of cloth were used?

Directions: Read each statement carefully. Choose the letter of the correct
Answer and write them in a separate paper.
𝟏 𝟑
1. What is the sum of and
𝟑 𝟓
𝟏𝟒 𝟏𝟑
A. C.
𝟏𝟓 𝟏𝟓
𝟏𝟐 𝟏𝟎
B. D.
𝟏𝟓 𝟏𝟓
𝟑 𝟏
2. added to is equal to _____.
𝟏𝟎 𝟑
𝟏𝟕 𝟏𝟗
A. C.
𝟑𝟎 𝟑𝟎
𝟏𝟖 𝟐𝟏
B. D.
𝟑𝟎 𝟑𝟎
3 17
3. What is the difference between of and 30
5
3 5
A. C.
35 35
4 6
B. D.
35 35
4 1
4. 5 less than is equal to ______.
8 3
1 1
A. 5 C. 5
6 8
1 1
B. 5 D. 5
7 11
5. Alexa prepared guyabano juice. She mixed ½ liter of guyabano juice to 1 ¾ liters of
water. What is the total liters of liquid that she mixed?
A. 1 ¼ B. 2 ¼ C. 3 ¼ D. 4 ¼

1) Bhelle needs 7 /8 kg of red sugar for her shake. If she had 1/3 kg in her house, how
many kilograms of sugar does she need to buy?
2) Jarenz has 2 4/5 meters of ribbon. If he cuts 2 1/3 meters of ribbon, how many meters of
ribbon is left with him?
 Using Math in This Millennium 6
Growing Up with Math Third Edition 6
Lesson Guide in Elementary Mathematics 5
21st Century MATHletes 5
References:
Lesson 1- What I Know What’s New
1. B Problem 1= 4 1/10
2. A Problem 2= 1 1/20
3. A
4. A
5. B
Activity 1 Activity 2 Activity 3 What I can Do
1. 8/15 1. 29/35 1. 13/15 1. 11
2. 7 2. 7 2. 5 1
2 1 4 20
10 36 14 2. 1
3. 1/4 3. 7 3. 3 8
4. 5 ¾ 3 3 12
5. 2 1/6 12 8 3. 11
5
4. 2/9 4. 21 42
5. 1 40 4. 8
2 9
4 5. 1 21
2 5. 1
4 1
6
Additional Activity
1. 5 ½
2. 7
3. 6 ½
Lesson 2
Activity 1 Activity 2 Activity 3
1. 4 ¼ 1. 4 ½ 1. 12 ¼
What I Can Do Additional Activity
1.16 1. 13/24
3 2. 7/15
21
Answer Key