SL Fall Final Exam Review

1. At a conference of 100 mathematicians there are 72 men and 28 women. The men have a
mean height of 1.79 meters and the women have a mean height of 1.62 meters. Find the
mean height of the 100 mathematicians.

2. Find an estimation of the population mean and standard deviation of the following data:
Score Frequency Score Frequency
43 7 110 – 119 4
44 13 120 – 129 15
45 22 130 – 139 42
46 28 140 – 149 73
47 27 150 – 159 59
48 19 160 – 169 42
49 3 170 – 179 23

3. The table shows the scores of competitors in a competition. Find the value of k if the mean
score is 34.
Score 10 20 30 40 50
Number of
competitors with this 1 2 5 k 3
score

4. The following box-and-whisker plot shows the number of text messages sent by students in a school on a
particular day.

a. Find the value of the interquartile range.

b. One student sent 𝑘 text messages, where 𝑘 > 11. Given that 𝑘 is an outlier, find the least value of
𝑘.

The following Venn diagram shows a sample space U and events A and B.

U A B

n(U) = 36, n(A) = 11, n(B) = 6 and 𝑛(𝐴 ∪ 𝐵)′ = 21.

(a) On the diagram, shade the region (𝐴 ∪ 𝐵)′.
(b) Find
(i) 𝑛(𝐴 ∩ 𝐵);
(ii) 𝑃(𝐴 ∩ 𝐵).
(c) Explain why events A and B are not mutually exclusive.
5. The cumulative frequency graph below represents the weights, W, in grams, of 80 packets of
roasted peanuts. Use the graph to estimate, to the nearest gram, the following:

80

70

60

50
Number
of
packets
40

30

20

10

80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115

Weight (grams)
a. The median

b. The interquartile range

c. The weight of the top 20% of packets

6. In a school of 88 boys, 32 study economics (E), 28 study history (H) and 39 do not study
either subject. This information is represented in the following Venn diagram.

E(32) H(28)

a b c

(a) Calculate the values a, b, c.(4)

(b) A student is selected at random.

(i) Calculate the probability that he studies both economics and history.

(ii) Given that he studies economics, calculate the probability that he does not
study history.

(c) A group of three students is selected at random from the school.

(i) Calculate the probability that none of these students studies economics.

(ii) Calculate the probability that at least one of these students studies economics.

7. The events A and B are independent and 𝑷(𝑨 ∩ 𝑩) = 𝟎. 𝟔, P(B) = 0.8. Find:
a. P(A | B) b) P(A | B’)

8. X has probability distribution P(X = x) = kx for x = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5.

a. Find the value of k.

b. Find the probability of getting a 3 or higher.

9. A machine produces ornamental plates. It is know that 10% of the plates are cracked. A
random sample of 12 plates is selected.
a. Calculate the probability that:
i. None is cracked.
ii. Exactly one is cracked.
iii. There are fewer than 3 cracked plates.

b. Calculate the expected number of cracked plates and the standard deviation.
10. The table below shows the subjects studied by 210 students at a college.
Year 1 Year 2 Totals

History 50 35 85

Science 15 30 45

Art 45 35 80

Totals 110 100 210

(a) A student from the college is selected at random.

Let A be the event the student studies Art.
Let B be the event the student is in Year 2.

(i) Find P(A).

(ii) Find the probability that the student is a Year 2 Art student.

(iii) Are the events A and B independent? Justify your answer.

(b) Given that a History student is selected at random, calculate the probability that the
student is in Year 1.

(c) Two students are selected at random from the college. Calculate the probability that
one student is in Year 1, and the other in Year 2.

11. Given that E(X) = 3.1, find the value of a and b.

x 1 2 3 4 5
P(x) 0.1 0.2 a b 0.2
12. Bag A contains 2 red balls and 3 green balls. Two balls are chosen at random from the bag
without replacement. Let X denote the number of red balls chosen. The following table shows
the probability distribution for X.

X 0 1 2
3 6 1
P(X = x)
10 10 10

a. Calculate the mean number of red balls chosen.

Bag B contains 4 red balls and 2 green balls. Two balls are chosen at random from Bag
B.
i. Draw a tree diagram to represent the above information, including the
probability of each event.

ii. Hence, find the probability distribution for Y, where Y is the number of red balls
chosen.

b. A standard die with six faces is rolled. If a 1 or 6 is obtained, two balls are chosen from
Bag A, otherwise two balls are chosen from Bag B.
i. Calculate the probability that two red balls are chosen.

ii. Given that two red balls are obtained, find the conditional probability that a 1 or
6 was rolled on the die.

13. The mass of packets of a breakfast cereal is normally distributed with a mean of 750 grams
and standard deviation of 25 grams.

a. Find the probability that a packet chosen at random has mass:

i. Less than 740 g;

ii. At least 780 g;

iii. Between 740 g and 780 g.

b. Two packets are chosen at random. What is the probability that both packets have a
mass which is less than 740 g?

c. The mass of 70% of the packets is more than x grams. Find the value of x.

14. The speeds of cars at a certain point on a straight road are normally distributed with mean µ
and standard deviation σ. 15% of the cars traveled at speeds greater than 80 kmh-1 and 12%
of them at speeds less than 35 kmh-1. Find µ and σ.
15. Samantha goes to school five days a week. When it rains, the probability that she goes to
school by bus is 0.5. When it does not rain, the probability that she goes to school by bus is 0.3.
The probability that it rains on any given day is 0.2.

a. On a randomly selected school day, find the probability that Samantha goes to school
by bus.

b. Given that Samantha went to school by bus on Monday, find the probability that it was
raining.

c. In a randomly chosen school week, find the probability that Samantha goes to school
by bus on exactly three days.

d. After n school days, the probability that Samantha goes to school by bus at least once
is greater than 0.95. Find the smallest value of n.

16. At a café, the waiting time between ordering and receiving a cup of coffee is dependent upon the
number of customers who have already ordered their coffee and are waiting to receive it.
Sarah, a regular customer, visited the café on five consecutive days. The following table shows the
number of customers, 𝑥, ahead of Sarah who have already ordered and are waiting to receive their
coffee and Sarah’s waiting time, 𝑦 minutes.

The relationship between 𝑥 and 𝑦 can be modelled by the regression line of 𝑦 on 𝑥 with equation 𝑦 =
𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏.
a. Find the value of 𝑎 and the value of 𝑏.
b. Write down the value of Pearson’s product-moment correlation coefficient, 𝑟.
c. Interpret, in context, the value of 𝑎 found in part (a).
d. On another day, Sarah visits the café to order a coffee. Seven customers have already ordered
their coffee and are waiting to receive it.
e. Use the result from part (a) to estimate Sarah’s waiting time to receive her coffee.