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Check Sum

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Muhoza Aime lionel
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13 views2 pages

Check Sum

Uploaded by

Muhoza Aime lionel
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CHECKSUM (TCP/IP):

IP:-
16bit field
error detection
caluculation:- fully maths caluculation
For example, if an IP header is 0x4500003044224000800600008c7c19acae241e2b.
1)SUM:-4500 + 0030 + 4422 + 4000 + 8006 + 0000 + 8c7c + 19ac + ae24 + 1e2b = 2BBCF
2)16bit:-2 + BBCF = BBD1
3)one's complimamet:-BBD1 = one’s complement(1011101111010001) = 0100010000101110 =
442E

Checksum value:-442E
VALIDATION:-

2BBCF + 442E = 2FFFD, then 2 + FFFD = FFFF


FFFF=000000 <---which means IP header is correct.

TCP:-
16bit filed
error detection
checksum=TCPsegment+Pseudo header
source address: 32 bits/4 bytes, taken from IP header
destination address: 32bits/4 bytes, taken from IP header
reserved: 8 bits/1 byte, all zeros
protocol: 8 bits/1 byte, taken from IP header. In case of TCP, this should always be 6, which is
the assigned protocol number for TCP.
TCP Length: The length of the TCP segment, including TCP header and TCP data.
Note:- TCP pseudo header does not really exist, and it’s not transmitted over the network.
It’s constructed on the fly
Optional:-If a TCP segment contains an odd number of octets to be checksummed, the last
octect is padded on the right with zeros to form a 16-bit word. But the padding is not part of the
TCP segment and therefore not transmitted.

Difference:-
IPv4 uses the checksum to detect errors of packet headers. i.e. the source, destination
The TCP protocol includes an extra checksum that protects the packet "payload" as well as the
header.

Even if reassembled correctly, software or other errors could be introduced in the layers between
IP and TCP

Even if all software functions correctly, and TCP/IP is over ethernet, the limited size of the
checksums can be accidently correct

so having more than one checksum is helpful.

NOTE:-IPV6 does not uses chacksum

Happy Learning…

Follow for more updates: https://www.linkedin.com/in/rakesh-sa-b2b664167

Thanks:Rakesh

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