Physical Quantities and Units

4
4
1 2018 JUN P13 Q1
11 What
What is
is the
the best
best way
way of
of describing
describing a
a physical
physical quantity?
quantity?
A
A a quantity
a quantity with
with a
a magnitude
magnitude and
and a
a direction
direction but
but no
no unit
unit
B
B a quantity
a quantity with
with a
a magnitude
magnitude and
and a
a unit
unit
C
C a quantity
a quantity with
with a
a magnitude
magnitude but
but no
no direction
direction
D
D a quantity
a quantity with
with a
a unit
unit but
but no
no magnitude
magnitude

2 2018 JUN P13 Q2

22 Which
Which pair
pair includes
includes a
a vector
vector quantity
quantity and
and a
a scalar
scalar quantity?
quantity?
A
A displacement and
displacement and acceleration
acceleration
B
B force and
force and kinetic
kinetic energy
energy
C
C power and
power and speed
speed
D
D work and
work and potential
potential energy
energy

3 2018 JUN P13 Q3

33 A
A force
force F
F acts
acts at
at an angle θθ to
an angle to the
the horizontal.
horizontal.

F
F

θ
θ
horizontal
horizontal
What are the horizontal and the vertical components of the force?
What are the horizontal and the vertical components of the force?

horizontal vertical
horizontal vertical
component
component component
component
A F cosθ F cos (90° – θ )
A F cosθ F cos (90° – θ )
B
B F cosθ F sin (90° – θ )
F cosθ F sin (90° – θ )
C
C F sinθ F cosθ
F sinθ F cosθ
D
D F sinθθ
F sin F cos
F cos (90°
(90° –
–θθ ))

4 What will reduce the systematic errors when taking a measurement?

4 What will reduce the systematic errors when taking a measurement?
A adjusting the needle on a voltmeter so that it reads zero when there is no potential difference
A adjusting the needle on a voltmeter so that it reads zero when there is no potential difference
across it
across it
B measuring the diameter of a wire at different points and taking the average
B measuring the diameter of a wire at different points and taking the average
C
C reducing the parallax effects by using a marker and a mirror when measuring the amplitude
reducing the parallax effects by using a marker and a mirror when measuring the amplitude
of oscillation of a pendulum
of oscillation of a pendulum
D timing 20 oscillations, rather than a single oscillation, when finding the period of a pendulum
D timing 20 oscillations, rather than a single oscillation, when finding the period of a pendulum
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4
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4 2018 NOV P11 Q1
6
1
1 The
The radius of the Earth is approximately 6.4 ×
× 10 6 m,
6 and the radius of the Moon is approximately
1 The radius
radius
6
of
of the
the Earth
Earth is
is approximately
approximately 6.4
6.4 × 10
10 m,
m, and
and the
the radius
radius of
of the
the Moon
Moon isis approximately
approximately
1.7 × 10
1.7 × 6 m.
6 A student wishes to build a scale model of the Solar System in the classroom, using
10
1.7 × 10 m. A student wishes to build a scale model of the Solar System in the classroom, using
m. A student wishes to build a scale model of the Solar System in the classroom, using
a
a football
football of
of radius
radius 0.12
0.12 m
m to
to represent
represent the
the Earth.
Earth.
a football of radius 0.12 m to represent the Earth.
Which
Which object would best represent the Moon?
Which object
object would
would best
best represent
represent the
the Moon?
Moon?
A
A basketball
basketball
A basketball
B
B cherry
cherry
B cherry
C
C golf
golf ball
C golf ball
ball
D
D tennis
tennis ball
D tennis ball
ball
5 2018 NOV P11 Q2
2
2 When a beam of light is incident on a surface, it delivers energy to the surface. The intensity of
2 When
When aa beam
beam ofof light
light is
is incident
incident on
on a
a surface,
surface, it
it delivers
delivers energy
energy toto the
the surface.
surface. The
The intensity
intensity of
of
the beam
the beam is
beam is defined
is defined as
defined as the
as the energy
the energy delivered
energy delivered per
delivered per unit
per unit area
unit area per
area per unit
per unit time.
unit time.
time.
the
What
What is
is the
the unit
unit of
of intensity,
intensity, expressed
expressed in
in SI
SI base
base units?
units?
What is the unit of intensity, expressed in SI base units?
A kg m–2
–2 s–1
–1 B kg m222 ss–3
–3 C kg s–2
–2 D kg s–3
–3
A
A kg m
kg m–2 ss–1 B
B kg
kg m
m s–3 C
C kg
kg ss–2 D
D kg
kg ss–3

6 2018 NOV P11 Q3

3
3 A ship is travelling with a velocity of 8.0 km h–1
–1 in a direction 30° east of north.
3 A
A ship
ship is
is travelling
travelling with
with a
a velocity
velocity of
of 8.0
8.0 km
km h
h–1 in
in a
a direction
direction 30°
30° east
east of
of north.
north.
What
What are
are the
the components
components of
of the
the ship’s
ship’s velocity
velocity in
in the
the east
east and
and north
north directions?
directions?
What are the components of the ship’s velocity in the east and north directions?

component
component of of velocity
velocity component
component of of velocity
velocity
component of velocity component of velocity
in east
in east direction
east direction
direction in north
in north direction
north direction
direction
in –1 in –1
// km h–1 // km h–1
/ km
km h
h–1 / km
km h
h–1
A
A 4.0
4.0 4.0
4.0
A 4.0 4.0
B
B 4.0
4.0 6.9
6.9
B 4.0 6.9
C
C 4.6
4.6 6.9
6.9
C 4.6 6.9
D
D 6.9
6.9 4.0
4.0
D 6.9 4.0

©
© UCLES
UCLES 2018
2018 9702/11/O/N/18
9702/11/O/N/18
© UCLES 2018 9702/11/O/N/18
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7 2018 NOV P12 Q1 4
1
1 A car
A car is
is travelling
travelling at
at a
a speed
speed of
of 20 m ss–1
20 m –1. The table contains values for the kinetic energy and the
. The table contains values for the kinetic energy and the
1 A car is travelling
momentum of the at a speed of 20 m s–1. The table contains values for the kinetic energy and the
car.
momentum of the car.
momentum of the car.
Which
Which values
values are
are reasonable
reasonable estimates?
estimates?
Which values are reasonable estimates?
kinetic
kinetic energy
energy momentum
momentum
kinetic/ Jenergy momentum
// kg –1
/J kg m
m ss–1
/J / kg m s–1
5 4
A
A 3 ×
3 × 10 1055 3×
3 × 10
1044
A 3 × 10 3 × 10
5 6
B
B 3×
3 × 10105 5×
5 × 10
106
B 3 × 105 5 × 106
7 4
C
C 2×
2 × 10107 3×
3 × 10
104
C 2 × 107 3 × 104
7 6
D
D 2×
2 × 10107 5×
5 × 10
106
D 2 × 107 5 × 106
8 2018 NOV P12 Q2
2
2 What
What is
is the
the unit
unit of
of resistance
resistance when
when expressed
expressed in
in SI
SI base
base units?
units?
2 What is the unit of resistance when expressed in SI base units?
2 –2 –1
A kg m
A kg m2 ss–2 AA–1
A kg m2 s–2 A–1
2 –3 –2
B kg m
B kg m22 ss–3 A
A–2
B kg m s–3 A–2
–2 –1
C kg m
C kg m ss–2 A
A–1
C kg m s–2 A–1
–3 –1
D
D kg
kg mm ss–3 A
A–1
D kg m s–3 A–1

9 2018 NOV P12 Q3

3
3 Which
Which list
list contains
contains both
both scalar
scalar and
and vector
vector quantities?
quantities?
3 Which list contains both scalar and vector quantities?
A
A acceleration,
acceleration, momentum,
momentum, velocity,
velocity, weight
weight
A acceleration, momentum, velocity, weight
B
B area,
area, current,
current, force,
force, work
work
B area, current, force, work
C
C distance,
distance, kinetic
kinetic energy,
energy, power,
power, pressure
pressure
C distance, kinetic energy, power, pressure
D
D mass,
mass, temperature,
temperature, time,
time, speed
speed
D mass, temperature, time, speed

©
© UCLES
UCLES 2018
2018 9702/12/O/N/18
9702/12/O/N/18
© UCLES 2018 9702/12/O/N/18
 5
10 2018 NOV P12 Q4
4 Vectors P and Q are drawn to scale.

P Q

Which diagram represents the vector (P + Q)?

A B

C D

4
4
11 2018 NOV P13 Q1
1
1 Which
Which statement
statement is
is not
not a
a reasonable
reasonable estimate?
estimate?
5
A
A Atmospheric
Atmospheric pressure
pressure at
at sea
sea level
level is
is about 1×
about 1 × 10
105 Pa.
Pa.
2
B
B Light
Light takes 5×
takes 5 × 10
102 ss to
to reach
reach us
us from
from the
the Sun.
Sun.
12
C
C The
The frequency
frequency of
of ultraviolet
ultraviolet light
light is 3×
is 3 × 10
1012 Hz.
Hz.
9
D
D The
The lifespan
lifespan of
of a
a man
man is
is about 2×
about 2 109 s.
× 10 s.

12 2018 NOV P13 Q2

2
2 Three
Three of
of these
these quantities
quantities have
have the
the same
same unit.
unit.
Which
Which quantity
quantity has
has a
a different
different unit?
unit?
energy
energy
A
A distance
distance
B
B force
force
C
C power ×
power × time
time
D
D rate
rate of
of change
change of
of momentum
momentum

3
3 Which
Which group
group of
of quantities
quantities contains
contains only
only vectors?
vectors?
A
A acceleration,
acceleration, displacement,
displacement, speed
speed
B
B acceleration,
acceleration, work,
work, electric
electric field
field strength
strength
C
C displacement,
displacement, force,
force, velocity
velocity
D
© UCLES power,
D 2018
power, electric
electric field
field strength,
strength, force
force 9702/12/O/N/18 [Turn over
 distance R
B force
pulley
cable
C power × time
35°
D rate of change of momentum
35°
13 2018 NOV P13 Q3 jib cable
3 Which group of quantities contains only vectors? 1830 N

A acceleration, displacement, speed 4

The force R that the pulley exerts on the cable4 is in line with the jib. The cable and the pulley are
in
B equilibrium.
acceleration, work, electric field strength
1 A wave has a frequency of 5 GHz.
1 A C wave has a frequency of
displacement, 5 GHz.
What is the value offorce, R ? velocity
What is the period of the wave?
What
D 1000 is the period
power, of thestrength,
wave?
A N electric field
B 1500 N force C 2100 N D 3000 N
A 200 ps
A 200 ps
14 2018
B 2 ns NOV P13 Q14
4 B
14 An ammeter
What is a unitisforcalibrated
2 ns density? so that it shows a full-scale deflection when it measures a current of
2.0 A.
C 20 ns
C
A 20 Nm ns–3
B g mm–1 C kg cm–2 D µg mm–3
D 20 000 µs
The diagram shows the display of this ammeter when it is measuring a current.
D 20 000 µs
15 2019 FEB P12 Q2
15 Which statement about energy is not2 correct? 4 6
8
2 At temperatures close to 0 K, the specific heat capacity c of 1a particular solid is given by c = bT 33,
2 At temperatures
where
A Energy T is the close
temperature
is never to 0 K,
lost butand 0
the specific
b isbe
it may heat
a constant, capacity
3 between
2 characteristic
transferred a0of
c ofdifferent
particular solid is given by c = bT ,
the solid.
forms.
where T is the temperature and b is a 1 –1 –1 characteristic
constant, 4 of the solid.
The SI unit of specific heat capacity is J kg–1 K–1. 5
The
B In SIan unitinelastic
of specific heat capacity
collision, the total0 is J kg is
energy K constant.
.
What
C The is the unit of constant
efficiency of a system b, expressed
is the ratioin SI
thebase units?
What is the unit of constant b, expressed inofSI baseuseful energy output to the total energy input.
units?
2 –2 –3
A
D m Whens Ka machine does work, friction reduces the total energy.
A m2 s–2 K–3
B m22 s–2 K–4
B m s–2 K–4
16 CAn electric
kg m22 s–2 K–3 is rated as having an input power of 1.50 kW and an efficiency of 65.0%.
kettle
C
Whichkg m s–2 K–3
current is the ammeter measuring?
D
The kg m22 sis–2
kettle K –4
switched on for 2.00 minutes.
D
A kg 0.75m As–2 K–4 B 1.5 A C 3.8 A D 7.5 A
How much
16 2019 energy
FEB P12 Q3 is transferred to the water in the kettle?
3 The speed of an aircraft in still air is 200 km h–1 . The wind blows from the west at a speed of
3 85.0
The speed
km
A 0.975 h–1 .
kJof an aircraft
B in still
117 kJ air is 200 C km180h–1kJ. The wind D blows from
277 kJ the west at a speed of
85.0 km h–1.
In which direction must the pilot steer the aircraft in order to fly due north?
In which direction must the pilot steer the aircraft in order to fly due north?
© UCLES
A 2018
23.0° east of north 9702/13/O/N/18
A 23.0° east of north
B 23.0° west of north
B 23.0° west of north
C 25.2° east of north
C 25.2° east of north
D 25.2° west of north
D 25.2° west of north
4
17 2019 JUN P11 Q1
1 Which unit can be expressed in base units as kg m2 s–2?

A 2018
© UCLES joule 9702/13/O/N/18

B newton
C pascal
D watt

2 The luminosity L of a star is given by

L = 4πr 2σT 4

where
 A joule
A joule
B newton
B newton
C pascal
C pascal
D watt
D watt
18 2019 JUN P11 Q2
2 The luminosity L of a star is given by
2 The luminosity L of a star is given by
L = 4πr 22σT 44
L = 4πr σT
where
where
r is the radius of the star,
r is the radius of the star,
T is the temperature of the star and
T is the temperature of the star and
σ is a constant with units W m–2 K–4.
σ is a constant with units W m–2 K–4.
What are the SI base units of L ?
What are the SI base units of L ?
A kg m22 s–1 B kg m22 s–2 C kg m22 s–3 D kg m22 s–4
A kg m s–1 B kg m s–2 C kg m s–3 D kg m s–4
19 2019 JUN P11 Q3
3 A particle has velocity V at an angle θ to the horizontal.
3 A particle has velocity V at an angle θ to the horizontal.
The components of the particle’s velocity are Vv upwards in the vertical direction and Vh to the
The components of the particle’s velocity are Vv upwards in the vertical direction and Vh to the
right in the horizontal direction, as shown.
right in the horizontal direction, as shown.

V
Vv V
Vv
θ
θ
Vh
Vh

What are expressions for the magnitude of V and for the angle θ ?
What are expressions for the magnitude of V and for the angle θ ?

magnitude of V θ
magnitude of V θ
Vh
A (Vv22 + Vh22 ) tan–1 V
A (Vv + Vh ) tan–1 V h
V vv
Vv
B (Vv22 + Vh22 ) tan–1 V
B (Vv + Vh ) tan–1 Vv
Vhh
Vh
C (Vv 22 − Vh22) tan–1 V
C (Vv − Vh ) tan–1 V h
V vv
Vv
D (Vv 22 − Vh22) tan–1 V
D (Vv − Vh ) tan–1 Vv
Vhh

4
20 2019
© UCLES
© UCLES
2019JUN P12 Q1
2019
9702/11/M/J/19
9702/11/M/J/19
1 What is equivalent to 2000 microvolts?

A 2 µJ C–1 B 2 mV C 2 pV D 2000 mV

2 What is the number of SI base units required to express electric field strength and power?

electric field
power
strength

A 3 3
Worksheet 3