MANUAL OF INSTRUCTIONS

FOR
DATA COLLECTION SCHEDULE
(PHASE-III)

TENTH INPUT SURVEY

2022-23

Government of India
Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare
Department of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare
(Agriculture Census Division)

Input Survey 2022-23: Manual of Instructions for data collection Schedule Page 1
 INDEX
S.N. Content Page No.
SECTION- A: General Guidelines
1 Introduction 4
2 Objectives 4
3 New initiatives in Agriculture Census 2021-22 4
4 Reference Year 4
5 Time Schedule 4-5
6 Scope of the Survey 5
7 Coverage 5-6
8 Unit for Enumeration 6
9 Methodology 6
10 Selection of Sample Villages 6-7
11 Training 7-8
12 Preparatory Steps for Input Survey 8
13 Visit to Villages 8
14 Fieldwork 8
15 Channel of submission & finalization of data 9-10
16 Monitoring & Supervision 10-11
17 Identification of Agency 11
18 Manual 11
19 Publicity 11-12
20 Seeking Clarifications 12
Section-B: Roles & Responsibilities
21 Roles & Responsibilities of stakeholders in data collection 14
State Agriculture Census Unit 14
Administrator 14
Supervisor 14
Enumerator 14
Section – C: Instructions for data collection
22 Flow diagram of activities for different users 16-17
23 Instructions for accessing the Agriculture Census portal 17
24 Instructions for System Administrator to create login credentials of 17-18
users
25 Instructions to Supervisor for undertaking scrutiny work 18
26 Step by Step Instructions to Primary Worker for updation of frame & 18-21
selection of samples
27 Instructions to Primary Workers for filling the Schedules of the 21-41
Selected Holdings
Section – D: Annexure
Annexure-I: Table-1 43

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 Annexure-II: Schedule-L 44
Annexure-III 45-56
Anneuxre-IV: List of Crops and their Codes 57-62
Annexure-V: List of Fertilizers and Pesticides 63-64
Annexure-VI: Machinery & Implement and their Codes and 65-87
descriptions
Annexure-VII: Concepts & Definitions 88-96

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 Section – A: General Guidelines

Input Survey 2022-23: Manual of Instructions for data collection Schedule Page 4
1. Introduction:
1.1 Starting with the second Agriculture Census 1976-77, Input Survey is also conducted
as a follow-up survey of the Agriculture Census to derive quantitative information on the
structure of Indian agriculture using the concept of 'Operational Holding' as the statistical unit
for data collection. In Input Survey, as evident by its name, data is collected on pattern of use
of various inputs, like, fertilizers, seeds, manures, pesticides, agricultural implements,
agricultural credit etc. by operational holders in the country. Nine Input Surveys with reference
years 1976-77, 1981-82, 1986-87, 1991-92, 1996-97, 2001-02, 2006-07, 2011-12 and 2016-17
have been completed so far. The next survey will be the tenth in the series with reference year
2022-2023 (1st July, 2022 to 30th June, 2023). The scope and coverage of the survey have been
expanding over the years keeping in view the requirements of data for planning and execution
of various Agricultural Programmes for welfare of farmers in the country.
2. Objectives:
The main objective of the survey is to generate data on consumption of various agricultural
inputs, according to major size-groups of operational holdings, viz., marginal (below 1 ha.),
small (1- 1.99 ha.), semi-medium (2- 3.99ha.), medium (4-9.99ha.) and large (10ha. And above),
for getting an insight into the consumption pattern of inputs by various categories of farmers.
The inputs covered in the survey include chemical fertilizers, HYV/Hybrid seeds, chemical
pesticides, bio-pesticides, farm yard manures/compost, bio-fertilizers, agricultural implements
& machineries and agricultural credit besides information on educational qualification, age and
size of household of operational holders.
3. New Initiatives in Input Survey 2022-23:
3.1 New initiatives introduced during Input Survey 2022-23 are as under:
3.1.1 Collection of data through App/Software using hand-held devices like
Smartphone/Tablet/Laptop/Personal computer.
3.1.2 Real time monitoring of progress and uploading/downloading of data/software
through web portal.
3.2 These measures will enable data collection in Phase-III with increased speed and accuracy.
Accuracy of data is expected to substantially improve due to reduced transcription and
aggregation errors. Monitoring of primary data collection will also expedite, so also data
dissemination, by the use of various ICT technologies.
4. Reference Year:
4.1 The reference period for collection of Phase-III data is from 1st July 2022 to 30th June
2023.
5. Time Schedule
5.1 The tentative schedule for implementing the phase-III of Agriculture Census 2021-22 is
given as under:
S.No. Item of Work Timeline
i) Organization of Master Trainers training for Phase-III Feb 2024
ii) Training of Master Trainers of all States/UTs on
software/technical issues by Technology Partner and
DAC&FW.

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 S.No. Item of Work Timeline
iii) Training to all field functionaries of States/UTs on March-June 2024
software/technical issues by the Master Trainers
iv) Fieldwork for collection of Phase-III data July-September
2024
v) Cleaning/validation and processing Phase-III data. by October 2024
vi) Finalization & Dissemination of Phase-III output tables By December 2024
of the Census.

5.2 The State Level Coordination Committees (SLCCs) constituted for Agriculture Census
2021-22 shall oversee and coordinate all the activities related to Phase-III (Input Survey) for
timely completion of each activities.
6. Scope of the Survey
6.1 The Input Survey covers the whole country. All types of agricultural holdings, except
institutional holdings and holdings operated by persons not residing in the sample village, are
enumerated. Thus, only selected individuals and joint holdings operated by resident cultivators
in the sample village will constitute the universe (population) for this Survey.
6.2 The basic statistical unit (target group) for the survey is the operational holding. Even
though an insignificant amount of agriculture takes place in urban areas also, the survey is
primarily intended to cover the rural area where agriculture is practiced as a profession. In some
States/UTs like Kerala, Goa and Puducherry, a significant portion of the operated area lies in
areas declared as urban. Keeping in view the recommendations of concerned State Governments
and the concepts followed in Agriculture Census, such areas would be covered in Phase-III also.
As a thumb rule, it is therefore, recommended that Input Survey be carried out in those
areas where previous phases of Agriculture Census have been conducted.
6.3 Like earlier surveys, the Input Survey 2022-23 would also be restricted only to the
resident Operational Holders of the selected villages. Operational Holders who are residing
outside the Tehsil of the sample village but operating some land in the sample village will not be
included in the sample as it would not be convenient to approach them for collecting information.
Information about the residential status (village or outside the village) will be collected at the
time of updation of sampling frame or listing. The data will be collected for All Social Groups
and not separately for SC, ST and Others. Institutional Holdings will not be covered in this
Survey.
7. Coverage
7.1 Under the Input Survey 2022-23, information will be collected according to five size-
groups of operational holdings for the following items:

7.1.1 Age, size of household, educational qualification of holders.

7.1.2 Membership/Users of Agricultural Services.
7.1.3 Agricultural credit availed.
7.1.4 Types of Seeds used (certified/Hybrids) and quality problems.
7.1.5 Integrated Pest Management (IPM) practices.
7.1.6 Practices of Organic Farming.
7.1.7 Soil health/Soil testing.
7.1.8 Use of agricultural equipment and machines (owned/hired/both).

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 7.1.9 Number of parcels.
7.1.10 Multiple cropping, separately for irrigated and unirrigated areas under crops;
7.1.11 Use of chemical fertilizers, seeds, organic manures, chemical pesticides and
bio-pesticides, separately for irrigated and unirrigated areas under crops.
8. Unit of Enumeration
8.1 The data is to be collected in respect of each sampled Operational Holding of selected
villages, which has been defined as "all land which is used wholly or partly for agricultural
production and is operated as one technical unit by one person alone or with others,
without regard to the title, legal form, size or location". The technical unit has been defined
as "a unit which is under the same management and has the same means of production
such as labour force, animals and machinery". It would be seen from this definition that the
actual cultivator and not the owner constitutes the statistical unit for the survey. Effort is thus
required to be made to contact the cultivator who operates the holding and who takes the
decisions in the farm business enterprise.
8.2 For purpose of Input Survey, District will be the boundary for pooling of parcels of an
operational holder, as estimates are to be generated at District level in Input Survey.
9. Methodology
9.1 A two-stage stratified sampling will be adopted for the Input Survey 2022-23. Tehsils/CD
Blocks would constitute the strata, villages within a stratum form first-stage units and
'Operational Holdings' in the selected villages would be second-stage units. The sample size of
first stage units will be 7 percent of the total number of villages from each stratum. These 7
percent villages are to be selected randomly out of the villages already selected for Phase-II of
Agriculture Census 2021-22.
9.2 It is important to note that the estimates of Input Survey are to be prepared for all
tehsils/blocks in the country. For this, it is necessary that the Survey be conducted in at least one
village in each tehsil/block. However, if there were only one or two villages found in a
tehsil/block where Agriculture Census was conducted, Input Survey is recommended to be
conducted in all these villages, to make the sample representative.
9.3 A simple random sample of four operational holdings will be selected from each of
the above five size-groups of holdings. If in a selected village, total number of operational
holdings are four or less in a particular size group, then all the holdings of that size-group
are to be selected and surveyed through household inquiries from selected operational
holders of selected villages.
10. Selection of Sample Villages
10.1 The selection of sample villages for the Input Survey is to be done at the State
Headquarters by the technical officers as per sampling procedures mentioned in para 9 above.
For making selection of villages, it is recommended that a list of villages where Agriculture
Census (Phase-II) was conducted, should be prepared for each Tehsil/Block. Using random
number tables, 35 per cent villages (rounded off to nearest integer and subject to a minimum of
one) be selected independently in each Tehsil/Block for further sampling of holdings for enquiry
if 20% of the villages were selected in phase-II, otherwise, the above mentioned proportion will
vary depending upon the percentage of villages selected in phase-II of Agriculture Census 2021-
22. It may be noted that the sample size should not be less than 7% of total number of
villages in a Tehsil/Block.

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10.2 The estimation procedure recommended for Input Survey utilizes the number of
holdings in the sample villages and number of villages in the tehsil as multiplier. Normally, it
is expected that in making random selection of villages, all types of villages, i.e., having small
or large number of holdings, will be represented in the sample. However, it was observed that
this procedure led to selection of villages having very few holdings, leading to an
unrepresentative sample and consequentially generation of unreliable estimates. It is,
therefore, recommended that at the stage of selection of sample villages itself the
representative-ness of the sample be ensured.
11. Training
11.1 It is necessary to impart thorough training, both to Primary workers as well as
Supervisory officers before the conduct of actual fieldwork. The training for primary and
supervisory staff could be arranged at 2/3 levels depending upon the conditions in each State.
District/Block/Tehsil (sub-district) level Officers, in-charge of the Agriculture Census operations
as Supervisors could be initially trained either at State Headquarter or at Divisional
Headquarters. They in turn, should impart training to Primary workers. The Training
programmes must be intimated in advance to the Government of India so that an officer of the
Agriculture Census Division, DA&FW could be deputed to clarify any doubts raised during the
training regarding concepts, definitions or procedures to be followed during fieldwork.
11.2 DA&FW would organize an All India Conference and training programmes for Master
Trainers of all the State Agriculture Census Officers directly involved in implementing the
Census and also provide user friendly training videos for use by primary as well as supervisory
staffs during data collection.
11.3 Copies of Instructions manual in local language may be provided to the trainees in
advance. The trainee may be instructed to go through the manual and schedules before coming
for the training. This would facilitate easy absorption of concepts, definitions and procedures of
data collection by trainees. The trainees could also come prepared to the training session to seek
clarifications for any doubts that might have arisen while going through the manual.

11.4 Training of supervisory and field level officials is the most important activity for
successful conduct of a survey. For Input Survey, the supervisory level training should
concentrate on the following:

11.4.1 Objective and methodology of the survey.

11.4.2 Concepts and definitions followed during conduct of Survey.
11.4.3 Understanding the schedule.
11.4.4 Coverage of crops, Inputs like fertilizers and pesticides etc.
11.4.5 Inspection of the progress of work, supervision and quality of data collected.
11.4.6 Importance of adherence to the timeline.
11.4.7 Unit to be used and decimal conventions.
11.5 Objective of the Survey and Legal Immunity
11.5.1 Respondents are likely to be reluctant to furnish information to enumerators
due to the apprehension that such information may disturb tenancy
arrangements, land rights, rent liability, etc. It is, therefore, necessary that all
Government functionaries, particularly those who come in direct contact with
the cultivators, clearly explain the objectives of the present sample survey
highlighting the following:

Input Survey 2022-23: Manual of Instructions for data collection Schedule Page 8
 (a) that the information furnished by the cultivators will be used only for
statistical purposes,
(b) that it will have nothing to do with matters like consolidation, ceiling,
tenancy arrangements, rent liability, etc.
(c) that the entire information furnished by the respondents will be treated
as confidential, and
(d) that it has no validity in court of law as a piece of record and/or
evidences.
12. Preparatory Steps for Input Survey
12.1 Before actual commencement of fieldwork for the Survey, following steps are to be
followed:

12.1.1 Identification of Agency to conduct the Survey.

12.1.2 Selection and identification of villages in each Tehsil/Block.
12.1.3 Communication of the number and names of villages selected for Input
Survey to the District Census Officers.
12.1.4 Allotment of villages to Primary Workers/Enumerators.
12.1.5 Updating of listing Schedules.
12.1.6 Selection of Holdings.
12.1.7 Training of District level staff at the State or Regional Headquarters.
12.1.8 Training of field enumerators.
12.1.9 Publicity in the selected villages.
13. Visit to Villages
13.1 It is necessary that the programmes of enumerator’s visit to the village is intimated to
concerned operational holders in advance through revenue officials. In absence of such
intimation, operators may not be available when enumerator visits the village. It is suggested that
operational holders to be interviewed as also the programme of visit should be finalized in the
joint training meeting itself so that patwaris can inform holders to be available in the village.
Village Level Workers (VLWs) should also be asked to remain in the village to assist the
enumerator in interpreting information furnished about high yielding varieties/hybrid and other
inputs, like, certified seeds, foundation programmes of seeds etc.
14. Fieldwork:
14.1 As data is to be collected using android or web application, the concerned nodal State/UT
Department should assign/allot villages to all primary workers/supervisors depending upon the
availability of manpower keeping in view the timeline for completion of work with quality. All
primary workers should download the developed Apps/Software as well as extracted data (from
Phase-I) in their own hand-held devices for starting the data collection work through household
enquiry approach.
15. Channel of submission & finalization of data.
15.1 An end to end software has been developed to cover all the constituent activities of the
Census operations staring from field level data collection to dissemination of final data. This will
not only reduce the time lag in publication of results but will greatly improve the quality of data.
15.2 The primary workers will collect the data using hand-held devices through apps/software
by visiting each and every selected household of the operational holders and submit the collected

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data to supervisors for scrutiny through online portal. The supervisors will then thoroughly
scrutinize the collected data at village level and if satisfied, will accept the data for
processing/estimation. However, if any erroneous schedules are observed at scrutiny or
processing level, then the same will be forwarded back to the concerned primary worker for
correction. This same cycle of data correction will be followed until all the submitted data are
made error free for processing/estimation.
15.3 Thereafter, the software will enable generation of tables atDistrict/State/All India Level.
For timely finalization of results, regional meetings of States / UTs are to be organized for
discussion of the results. After finalization, the data will be disseminated through portal and also
used for All India Report on Input Survey.
15.4 Data flow from collection to submission is depicted as under:

DATA FLOW DIAGRAM FOR DATA COLLECTION

Data Captured at Field using
Tabs [Phase – I, II, III]
Scrutiny Officer/Supervisor

Scrutinized Data

2A

Enumerated Data 2

Error Free
1
Server 3 Data

Estimation 4

2A
Reports/
Tables
Erroneous data entered at field level
Enumerators -- for Correction

16 Monitoring &Supervision

16.1 The progress of Input Survey of the Agriculture Census operations would be monitored
on real time basis through web portal. A dedicated team at the Centre as well as State/UT
Headquarter should proactively monitor the progress of work and resolve issues, if any, on
priority basis. In order to strengthen the monitoring system, multi-layer monitoring system would
be adopted at Centre/ State/ District, Tehsil (sub-district)/Block/Taluka level. Physical progress
of primary workers as well as supervisory officers of the States/UTs would be automatically
updated on the portal on regular basis. To improve the quality of data and complete the work in
time, State officials at Tehsil (sub-district)/block/District/State Headquarter as well as officers at
the Centre should undertake regular field visits/inspections during data collection period and
interact with field functionaries.

16.2 Effective supervision is to be organized so that the various phases of survey work are
carried out according to the prescribed time schedule and also according to the instructions.
Supervision plays an important role in ensuring quality of data collected. The extent of
supervision would vary from State to State depending upon the administrative set up. No uniform
guidelines can be laid down in this regard. However, the following minimum amount of
supervision can be ensured in each State.

16.3 The District Census Officers should inspect the fieldwork relating to listing of
households, collection of data on inputs etc., in respect of at least five villages selected for the

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Input Survey in the district. Similarly, the Taluk Census Officer should also inspect 25 per
cent of the villages selected for the Input Survey in the Tehsil.
16.4 The inspection should include following aspects.

16.4.1 Whether the frame of operational holdings has been correctly prepared?
16.4.2 Whether the selection of holdings in Input Survey has been correctly done?
16.4.3 Whether enumerator has correctly collected the information relating to inputs
like fertilizers, pesticides, seeds, soil health card, IPM?
16.4.4 Whether enumerator has correctly collected the information relating to
Agricultural Credit/Insurance/Services availed by operational holder?
16.4.5 Whether information relating to agricultural implements used has been recorded
correctly?
16.4.6 Any other points, which the Inspecting Officer wants to give on the quality of
data collected and any other problem faced.
16.5 It is, however, to be noted that the main purpose behind inspection is to ensure proper
compliance of instructions rather than mere fault finding. It is recommended that once a round
of inspection is completed, the supervisory officer should take a meeting of all the enumerators
and explain their mistakes to them so that these are avoided in allfuture work. Explaining this in
a meeting will facilitate learning from each other’s mistakes. If necessary, the supervisory officer
may explain various check-points applicable in each schedules to enumerators for improving
quality of data to be collected in the Survey, particularly of manure, pesticides and credit data,
the quality of which was not satisfactory in the last Input Survey 2016-17.

17. Identification of Agency

17.1 As household enquiry approach is to be followed for the Input Survey, it is requisite that
the information is collected by trained and skilled staff who have experience of similar work. As
the availability of Statistical staff for the purpose of Input Survey differs from State to State, the
technical staff available with the offices like District Statistical Office, Taluk Statistical Office
and Directorate of Agriculture may be utilized for the purpose. Depending on the administrative
set up in each State, the agency for carrying out the survey and number and names of villages to
be covered by individual officials needs to be notified.
18. Manual
18.1 This Instruction Manual will serve as broad guidelines for filing the schedules of
Phase-III of Agriculture Census 2021-22. It will also serve as a guide on the concepts, definitions
and procedures to be uniformly followed, outlines for training to staff associated with Census
work and nature of supervision. These guidelines should be elaborated by State Governments
keeping in view the local conditions, before translating into regional languages for dissemination
to field functionaries when they actually proceed for data collection. This Instruction Manual
should be distributed to all field functionaries before starting the fieldwork.
19. Publicity
19.1 It is necessary to explain the objectives of Input Survey to the respondents, clearly
pointing out the purpose for which the data are being collected. All the doubts and misgivings
of respondents need to be clarified. It may be clarified that the data would be kept confidential
and it will not be used for any other purpose like settling of tax, tenancy rights, liabilities, etc.
Due publicity in this regard before the actual commencement of the survey will help in

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collection of reliable data. The State/UT Governments may use print and electronic media
(radio and television), posters and boards in local languages for this purpose. The village
officials should be involved in this process. The fieldwork should be started only after giving
the necessary guidance to the village officials whose relations with the respondents would come
handy in getting the requisite cooperation from them.
20. Seeking Clarifications
Any issue regarding Concepts, Definitions and Procedures for Input Survey 2022-23, which
could not be clarified at the State level should be referred to the Government of India at the
following address:

Mrs. C.H. Honey

Deputy Director General-cum-Agriculture Census Commissioner,
Department of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare,
Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare,
Government of India, Krishi Bhawan, New Delhi-110001.
Tele No.: 011-23383708.
E-mail: [email protected]

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 Section – B: Roles and Responsibilities

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21. Role & Responsibilities of stakeholders in data collection:
The role and responsibilities of Officials involved in data collection are enumerated below:
21.1 State Agriculture Census Unit: The responsibility for execution of the Agriculture Census
Operations has been entrusted to the States / UTs with financial and technical support by the
Centre. This gigantic task of data collection for Agriculture Census is coordinated by the
Agriculture Census Unit established in each State/UT and carried out with the help of field
functionaries (like Patwaris / Talathis / Block Level Workers / Karnams / Investigators etc.) of
different Departments of the State/UT Government. Major responsibilities of the Officers in State
Agriculture Census Unit include: (i) preparatory activities for conducting Input Survey, (ii)
Selection of 7% Villages from each Tehsils/Blocks, (iii) Prepare and provide list of selected 7%
villages to DA&FW, (iv) Identification and assigning role of System Administrator, (v)
identification of primary workers /supervisors and creation of login credentials, (vi) allotment of
villages to primary workers as well as supervisors, (vii) coordination with NIC, Land Revenue
Departments and other stakeholders, (viii) organizes awareness/publicity campaigns, (ix)
organizes training programmes for primary workers/supervisors, (x) monitor progress of data
collection through the monitoring portal using the login credentials provided by System
Administrator, (xi) Undertake regular field inspections, (xii) scrutiny & finalization of data etc.
Besides technical aspects, Unit also maintains records on all aspects of fund release, utilization
and unspent balance, issue of UCs and monitors financial progress through monthly expenditure
statements as per requirements of the Department.

21.2 System Administrator: The role of System Administrator would be crucial as use of
technology in data collection is introduced for the first time. The major responsibilities of the
System Administrator of the State include: (i) Assigning/providing login credentials (user_id and
password) to all field functionaries at different levels in the State, (ii) Allotment of villages to field
functionaries (primary as well as supervisors) for undertaking data collection and scrutiny, (iii)
Regular technical guidance to field functionaries and personnel involve in Census operation, (iv)
Configuration of IT systems and resolving all technical issues related to Apps/web based
application for all field functionaries of the State etc.

21.3 Supervisor: The role of Supervisor is very critical as effective supervision of field
functionaries ensures flow of quality data from the field and completion of work according to
prescribed time schedule and instructions. At times, Supervisor may also be assigned the
responsibility of creation of login credentials (user_id& password) to all field functionaries who
are working under him or her depending on the prevailing administrative set up in respective State.
The Officers who are appointed as Supervisors (Tehsil (sub-district)/Block/District level officers)
for Agriculture Census work should proactively monitor the progress of Primary workers through
the online portal. The main responsibility of Supervisor is to scrutinize and approve all the data
collected by primary workers before submission for processing/estimation.
21.4 Enumerator: The task of data collection for Agriculture Census is carried out by the
enumerators or primary workers or field functionaries (like Patwaris /Talathis/ Block Level
Workers / Karnams/ Investigators etc.) of different Departments of the State/UT Government. The
primary worker is expected to first undertake complete updation of frame of the allotted village
and selection of sample operational holdings. Thereafter, Primary worker shall undertake
detailed data collection work by visiting each and every selected holdings of the
selected/allotted villages as per the instructions manual and ensure collection of quality data.
He / She will be using hand-held devices/laptop for data collection through prescribed apps /
software which come with basic identification from Phase-I database as prefilled.

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 Section – C: Instructions for Data Collection

Input Survey 2022-23: Manual of Instructions for data collection Schedule Page 15
22 Flow Diagram of activities for different users:
22.1 For System Administrator

Enter into ‘Data Capture module’ of the

web portal and login with the user id and
password provided by the Agency (NIELIT,
Kolkata)

Provide technical guidance

Create login credentials for
to users and resolving all IT
three types of users and reset
systems/ applications
password, if requested.
related issues

Supervisors
Officers of State Enumerators for
(Tehsil/Block/District
Agriculture Census unit for undertaking the data
officers) for monitoring the
monitoring the progress of collection work through
progress of field work and to
field work web based application.
undertake scrutiny work

22.2 For Supervisor

Login on web portal

(agcensus.gov.in)

Forward the error free data to server Create login credentials for
for prcessing. Generate tables of the enumerators if assigned the
village and ensure correctness of the role of System Administrator
data.

If the data is rejected, send back the Monitor the progress of

schedule to the concerned work & guide the
enumerator for rectification and enumerators
scrutinize again after carrying out
necessary correction by the
enumerator.
Scrutinize the data uploaded by
enumerators and accept/reject
the schedule. Also provide
feedback, if required.

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22.3 ForEnumerator

Login into
web-page
Supervisors will Update the frame
scrutinize the data of the allotted
and accept/reject village
the data

Undertake selection
Upload data of samples through
to Server
the system

Collect data through

household enquiry
approach

23 Instructions for accessing the Agriculture Census portal:

23.1 To access the Agriculture Census 2021-22 web portal, type ‘http: //agcensus.gov.in’ in the
address bar of the web browser or alternatively search for ‘agcensus.gov.in’ from the search
engine, like Google, and click on the link. Link to Agriculture Census 2021-22 web portal is also
available on ‘http: //agcensus.nic.in’. The following Home page of Agriculture Census will be
opened:

23.2 The homepage will have options for Dashboard, Data Capture, and Report & Useful
Documents. The process for undertaking field work would be started only after login into the Data
Capture option. Under Dashboard, one can view and monitor the progress of work at different
levels. Important documents like Manual of Instructions, Training Videos, and Operational
guidelines are available under ‘Useful Documents’.

24 Instructions for System Administrator to create login credentials of users :

24.1 The login credentials for various types of users will be generated only through web based
application/ software which would require internet connection. To enter into Data Capture module
of the web portal, you need to be a registered user. At first, the agency (NIELIT, Kolkata) would

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authorize the System Administrator of the State to have the privilege of creating login credentials
of all the personnel who would be involving in conducting the Input Survey work in the State. In
general, System Administrator would be required to create login credentials for three types of
users:

24.1.1 Officers of State Agriculture Census unit for monitoring the progress of field work.

24.1.2 Supervisors (Tehsil (sub-district)/Block/District officers) for monitoring the

progress of field work and to undertake scrutiny work. At times, they may also be
assigned the role of system administrator for creation of login credentials of the
primary workers who would be working under their jurisdiction.

24.1.3 Enumerators for undertaking the data collection work through android based or web
based application.

24.2 To start with, the System Administrator will first enter into ‘Data Capture Module’ of the
web portal and login with the user id and password provided by the Agency (NIELIT, Kolkata)
whereby the main menu page for different types of users to undertake their assigned
responsibilities will be displayed. Here, only the System Administrator will have the right to reset
the login credentials of users and at the request of any users the same will be reset or created again.
However, depending on the prevailing administrative system in the State, the System
Administrator may also delegate the responsibility of creating the login credentials of the
enumerators (primary workers) to Supervisors (Tehsil (sub-district)/Block/District level officers).

24.3 Step by step guide for creation of user credentials for different users are as under:

Before initiating this activity, information such as Name, Designation, Mobile Number etc.
of the users are required and therefore needs to be collected. Step by step guide for creation
of user credentials for different users are as under:

 By System Administrator:

24.3.1 State Officers: Go to User Creation option and create the login
credentials of State Officers for Phase-III by filling all the required fields
like name, mobile number, email-id etc.
24.3.2 Supervisors (Tehsil (sub-district)/Block/District Officers): Go to User
Creation under Setup option and create the login credentials of Supervisors
for Phase-III by assigning the Jurisdiction area such as District, Tehsil (sub-
district) and Village and filling all the required fields like name, mobile
number, email-id etc. of the Supervisors.
 By Supervisor/System Administrator:
24.3.3 Enumerators: If Supervisors are also assigned the role of creating login
credentials for enumerators by the System Administrator, he/she also has to
login with user_id and password provided by System Administrator and
follow the same following steps:

Go to Enumerator Creation option and create the login credentials of enumerators for
Phase-III by choosing the option of the mode of undertaking data collection either
through web based application and allot the jurisdiction area such as District, Tehsil
(sub-district) and Villages for undertaking data collection and finally fill the
enumerator credentials such as name, mobile number, email-id etc.

Input Survey 2022-23: Manual of Instructions for data collection Schedule Page 18
25 Instructions to
Supervisors for
undertaking
scrutiny work:
25.1 Login using user_id
and password provided by
the System Administrator.
Through this main menu
page, the Supervisor will
first go to ‘Phase-III’ menu
and then choose ‘Scrutiny
of data’ option whereby a
page will be displayed for
undertaking the scrutiny
work of Phase-III Schedule.
Select the village for which
the scrutiny work is to be
undertaken and view the collected data as well as the schedule.

25.2 After scrutiny, the Supervisor will either accept or reject the schedule depending on the
quality of data collected. The rejected schedule will then be sent back to the concerned primary
worker for rectification and resubmitted for scrutiny after necessary corrections by the enumerator.
On rejected schedules, the Supervisor should give reasons for rejection so as to enable the
concerned primary worker to easily rectify the erroneous data. Only accepted and verified data
will be made available at central server for further processing. The following points are to be
carefully checked during scrutiny whether:

(i) All sampled survey numbers/area in the selected village has been accounted for.
(ii) Area figures given in respect of each survey numbers forming part of the
Operational Holding have been correctly fetched from the Phase-I database.
(iii) All the fields in the schedules have been properly filled up.
(iv) The data given in the schedules are consistent.
(v) Correct codes have been used / filled / chosen.

26 Step by Step Instructions to Primary Worker for updation of frame &

selection of samples:
26.1 Log in the web-page using user_id and password provided by System Administrator. After
Login, Primary worker should follow the following steps for updation of frame (complete &
exhaustive), which is the foremost pre-requisite for successful conduct of the Input Survey and
generation of reliable estimates:
26.1.1 Step-1 Ledger of Operational Holder from Phase-I: The first and foremost step
is to update the frame of operational holders of the allotted village by visiting each
and every household. First go to the option “Ledger of Operational Holders
“under “Updation of Frame” and select the allotted village; and then download
the Ledger of Resident Operational Holders (excluding Institutional Holdings)
containing basic details of all resident operational holders of the allotted village
which has been fetched from Phase-I database.
26.1.2 The Ledger, which requires updation, comes with additional fields on type of
tenancy and its corresponding area of the leased-in operated area (Schedule-L:

Input Survey 2022-23: Manual of Instructions for data collection Schedule Page 19
 Annexure-II). It is important that the list (or frame) is complete, exhaustive and
up-to-date for the reference year of the Survey by visiting each and every
household of the allotted village. The primary worker should keep in mind the
following while undertaking updation exercise of the frame (Phase-I database):
26.1.3 Step-2 Update Operational Holder:

 To delete non-resident operational holders, deemed operational holders and

Institutional holdings from the list, if found, as these are out of the scope of the
survey.
 To include division or augmentation or change of status of operated area of the
holdings and consequential changes in size;
 To edit/add/delete the basic details of the holdings if any changes have taken
place during the intervening period.
 To delete or add operational holders if any changes have taken place during the
intervening period.
 To collect or record type of tenancy (1-fixed money, 2-fixed produce, 3-share
of produce, 4- no specific terms from relatives, 5-others) if the operational
holder is operating on the leased area, and its corresponding area of the leased
area, in addition to the data collected in Phase-I.
The enquiry during updation exercise should specially relate to:
 Whether any addition/deletion in operated area has taken place by way of
purchase/taking on lease of additional land or sale/leasing out of some land?
 Whether any additional land has been allotted by government for cultivation?
 Whether any partition of holding has taken place?
 Whether any person migrated to the village and has done cultivation during the
reference period?
 Whether the entire household of an old operational holder has migrated out of
the village?
 Any other relevant points which primary worker or enumerator thinks
necessary for Input Survey.

Input Survey 2022-23: Manual of Instructions for data collection Schedule Page 20
 26.1.4 Go to search option and fetch all the Operational Holders from Phase-I and then
select the operation holders for which the enumerator wants to fill the details and
Most of the fields such as Name, Fathers/Husband’s Name, Survey Number, Khata
Number etc. will be prefilled.

26.1.5 If splitting of a particular holding has taken place, then the name of original holder
may be placed at the same place with modified data but the name of the new holder
arising as a result of partition may be entered at the end with the remark that it is a
new holder. Also, any new household which might have come up during the
intervening period is to be listed at the end of the list and data should be collected
from this new household.
26.1.6 Step-3: After the frame of operational holders is updated by Primary Worker using
hard copy (pen & paper) of the Ledger of Operational Holders, the same should be
updated into the system by going to “Update Ledger of Operational Holders”
under “Updation of Frame”. The provision made available for
addition/deletion/edition may be used for updating the Ledger. If any issue arises
at the time of updation, System Administrator may be contacted for early resolution
and save the updated data by clicking on the Save button.

26.1.7 Step-4: Go to “Updated Ledger of Operational Holders” through the system

under “Updation of Frame” and GENERATE the updated list (size class-wise)
for verification / confirmation. If any erroneous data is observed, then the same
may be rectified by modifying the updated frame before undertaking actual sample
selection of operational holders in the village.
Sample Selection of Operational Holders:
26.1.8 Step-5: Go to “Sample Selection for Data Collection” and GENERATE sample
of six (6) operational holders from each of the five (5) size classes with SRSWOR
(two more samples are selected as reserve for casualty sample in addition to four)
by clicking “Sample Selection of Operational Holders” (size class-wise) and
“Table of Sample Selection”. These selection of random samples will be done
automatically generated through the system and sample tables for the same may be
seen at Annexure-I.

27. Instructions to Primary Workers for filling the Schedules of the Selected
Holdings:
27.1 The Primary worker can enter into this module “Data Entry Screen” only after the
completion of exercise of frame updation and selection of samples. Under this Module, there are
13 Blocks which are common to all villages which would be recorded or filled-in for all the
selected holdings in the selected villages. These Blocks are as under:

S.N. Name of Block Details

1. Block A Identification Particulars
2. Block B Demographic Profile
3. Block C Economic Profile
4. Block D Education and Technical Profile
5. Block E Membership/Uses of Agricultural Services
6. Block F Information on Organic Farming
7. Block G Agricultural Credit availed by operational holder during 2022-23

Input Survey 2022-23: Manual of Instructions for data collection Schedule Page 21
 S.N. Name of Block Details
8. Block H Information on use of Seeds, IPM and Soil testing during 2022-23
9. Block I Use of Agricultural implements/machines/equipments
10. Block J Parcel-wise cropping pattern
11. Block K1 Area under irrigated crops and usage of chemical fertilizers, seeds,
manures and pesticides during Agricultural Year 2022-23 (July
2022 – June 2023)
12. Block K2 Area under unirrigated crops and usage of chemical fertilizers,
seeds, manures and pesticides during Agricultural Year 2022-23
(July 2022 – June 2023)
13. Block K Validation status of all Blocks

The Primary workers, after clicking on the option “Data Entry Screen” under Phase-III menu
page, will enter into the data collection screen. The data is to be collected for all khata/survey
numbers of all the selected holdings which are made available in Block-A by fetching from the
database of the listing schedules.
27.1.1 Block-A: Identification Details: All the updated khata/survey numbers of
all the selected holdings in the selected villages will be made available in this
Block as pre-filled for conducting the house-house survey.

27.1.1.1 Item 1 &2: District & Tehsil: These two items will come as prefilled for
filling the schedules of the allotted villages.
27.1.1.2 Item 3: Village: Select the village from the drop-down list for filling the
schedules of the allotted villages. If the allotted village does not appear in
the drop down list, please consult the Supervisor /System Administrator.
27.1.1.3 Item 4 & 5: Serial Number & Operated Area: Since the basic details of
all the selected holdings are fetched from updated listing database, click the
available button “Schedules (Phase-I)” which will display a screen
showing all selected list of updated holdings comprising operational holder
and father’s name along with operated area for conducting the Input Survey.
Then select any record for which the data is to be filled in the remaining
Blocks. After selection, these two items in Block-A, and item-2 (Name of
Operational Holder) and item-3 (Fathers/Husband’s Name) of Block-B will
come as prefilled.

Input Survey 2022-23: Manual of Instructions for data collection Schedule Page 22
 27.1.2 Block B-Demographic Profile:
27.1.2.1 Item 2 & 3: Name of Operational Holder & Father/Husband’s Name:
These two items will be fetched from the updated listing database and
display as prefilled for the selected serial number in Block-A.
27.1.2.2 Item 4: House Number: The same House Number of the Operational
Holder which is recorded at the time of house-listing should be entered or
fetched from the updated listing database.
27.1.2.3 Item 5, 6 & 7: Household Size: All persons, irrespective of sex and age,
who are normal members of the household of the Operational Holder, who
may or may not be present at the time of data collection, would be taken
into account for recording the number of Male and Female under these
items.
Number of family members engaged in agriculture including allied activities
(18years & above)
27.1.2.4 Item 8-10: Fully (Male/Female/Transgender): Record the number of family
members of the operational holder who are fully engaged in agriculture including
allied activities whose age is 18 years & above.
27.1.2.5 Item 11-13:Partly (Male/Female/Transgender):Record the number of
family members of the operational holder who are partly engaged in
agriculture including allied activities whose age is 18 years & above.

27.1.2.6 Item 14: Operational holder engaged in farming activities other than
crop production: The enumerator will have to choose one option from the
drop-down list of activities if the Operational Holder is also engaging in

Input Survey 2022-23: Manual of Instructions for data collection Schedule Page 23
 farming activities other than crop production. Select option 1 for Livestock,
2 for Poultry, 3 for Fisheries, 4 for Others and 5 for None.
27.1.2.7 Item 15: Age of Operational holder (completed year as on 01.07.2023):
The Enumerator will record the Age of Operational Holder in completed
years as on 01.07.2023.

27.1.3 Block C: Economic Profile: Information on the economic profile of the

operational holder will be filled-in this Block as follows:

27.1.3.1 Item 2:Main source of income of operational holder: For this purpose,
only the operational holder's income earned from economic activities is to
be considered. An operational holder will be first categorized as ‘self-
employed’, ‘regular wage/salaried earning’, ‘casual labour’ or ‘others’
depending on the major source of income of the operational holder. The
codes are:1 for Self-employment, 2 for Regular wage/salaried earning, 3 for
Casual Labour and 4 for Others. For an operational holder, which do not
have any income from economic activities, shall be classified under
“others”.

Depending on the major source of income of the operational holder, the

operational holder is further classified into different categories as under:
Self –employment in:
crop production……………………............................... 1
livestock………..…………………................................... 2
other agricultural activities…………............................ 3
non-agricultural enterprise…………............................ 4
Regular wage/salaried earning in:
agriculture…………………………................................5
non- agriculture……………………..............................6
Casual labour in:
agriculture…………………………...............................7
non- agriculture…………………….............................8
Others (pensioners, remittance recipients, student, engaged in domestic
activities etc.)
The operational holder broadly classified as ‘self-employment’ will be further
classified into one of the four categories: ‘crop production’, ‘livestock’, ‘other
agricultural activities’ or ‘non-agricultural enterprise’.
(a) If the major income of the operational holder is from growing of field crops
(including fodder crops), fruits, grapes, nuts, seeds, seedlings in the nurseries,
bulbs, vegetables and flowers both in open and under glass, production of
fodder crops etc., or production of plantation crops like tea, coffee, cocoa,
rubber, etc., or from forest production in parcels of land which form part of
enumeration holding –household classification will be ‘crop production’
(b) If the major income of the operational holder is from production of livestock
and livestock products, poultry and poultry products, fish, honey, rabbits,
furbearing animals and silk-worm cocoons- household classification will be
‘farming of animals’.
(c) For the operational holder having major income from agricultural activities
other than crop production or livestock farming will be classified into ‘other
agricultural activities’.

Input Survey 2022-23: Manual of Instructions for data collection Schedule Page 24
 (d) Operational Holder having major income from self-employment in non-
agricultural enterprises will be classified into ‘non-agricultural enterprise’.

Within each of the broad category of regular wage/salaries earning and casual
labour, two specific operational holder types, viz., ‘in agriculture’ and ‘in non-
agriculture’ will be distinguished, depending on their major income from
agricultural activities and non-agricultural activities during the reference year.

27.1.3.2 Item-3:Main purpose of agriculture production: An operational holder

may be engaging in agricultural activities for self-consumption of the
produce or making profit. Thus, the main purpose will be recorded in terms
of the following codes:1 – Self Consumption, 2 – For Sale, 3 – Both (self-
consumption & sale).
27.1.3.3 Item-4: If Code 2 or 3 in Col.3 then to whom the agricultural products
are sold: For disposal of the agricultural products, the agency to which the
product was sold will be recorded in terms of the following codes:

1 – Local Market (including localtraders), 2 – APMC Market, 3 – Input

Traders, 4 – Cooperative, 5 – Government Agencies, 6 – FarmersProducer
Organizations (FPO), 7 – Private Processors, 8 – Contract Farming
Sponsors/Companies, 9 – Others.

When the product was sold to local market or mandi (markets in small
towns and cities to which farmers from nearby villages would bring the
agricultural produce at harvest time and where traders would buy this
produce from them) or local private traders or to other households’ code
‘01’ may be recorded. Code ‘02’ may be recorded when product was sold
to AMPC market (regulated by Agricultural Produce Market Committee, a
statutory market committee constituted by State Govt.).

Input dealers are those who are engaged in activities of providing

agricultural inputs such as seeds, fertilizers, insecticides, cattle /poultry
feed, fishing net, sprinkler/drip irrigation machinery, spare parts of oil
engine/tractor/fishing boats, tools required for poultry/horticulture etc.
Agency code may be recorded as ‘03’ when product was sold to input
dealers.

When the product was sold to co-operatives code ‘04’ is to be given. In

cases where the major disposal was made to Government agencies (e.g.,
Food Corporation of India (FCI), Jute Corporation of India (JCI), Cotton
Corporation of India (CCI), National Agricultural Co- Operative Marketing
Federation of India Ltd. (NAFED), State Food Corporation, State Civil
Supplies etc.) code ‘05’ may be recorded.

When the product was sold to Farmer producer organisations (FPO) code
‘06’ is to be recorded against the major disposal. Private processors are
those private agencies/persons engaged in activities carried out for
conservation and handling of agricultural produce and to make it usable as
food, feed, fibre, fuel or industrial raw material. Code ‘07’ may be recorded
for disposals made to private processors.

If the product is sold to ‘contract farming sponsors/ companies’ code ‘08’

may be given. For all other type of disposals, code ‘09’ will be recorded.
Input Survey 2022-23: Manual of Instructions for data collection Schedule Page 25
 27.1.3.4 Item-5:Are you satisfied with the sale outcome?For major disposal of
each of the harvested crop, the level of satisfaction of the operational holder
with the sale outcome will be recorded in terms of the following codes: 1
for Satisfactory and 2 for Not Satisfactory. If the sale outcome is not
satisfactory (i.e. code-2 is selected), then record its reason by selecting the
following code:1 for Lower than Market Price, 2 for Delayed Payments, 3
for Deductions for Loans Borrowed, 4 for Faulty Weighing and Grading, 5
for Other Cause of Dissatisfaction.

27.1.4 Block D-Education and Technical Profile: In this Block, primary

worker should fill the details of education and technical profile of the
operational holder in the following items:

27.1.4.1 Item 2: Education Qualification of the holder: The highest level of

education completed by the operational holder considering all the general/
technical/vocational educational level successfully completed by him/her,
will be recorded here in terms of the following codes. Illiterate–0; Upto
Primary (Standard-V)-1; Middle–2; High School / Secondary–3; Senior
Secondary / Pre-degree–4; Technical diploma below degree level–5;
Graduate and above–6.
27.1.4.2 Item-3: Whether attended any formal training in Agriculture?: If the
operational holder has attended any formal training in agriculture, record
“Yes” else “No”. Any training in agriculture generally conducted by an
institution and may be issuing certificate on successful completion is
considered as formal training in agriculture for the purpose of this item.
Those who have completed the full duration of the training or attending the
training at the time of the survey will be reported “Yes”.
Information on access to technical advice, main source of technical advice,
type of information accessed, adoption of the recommended advice by the
operational holder will be recorded in items 4-7.
27.1.4.3 Item-4: Whether had access to Technical advice related to agricultural
activity: Select “Yes” if the operational holder had access to Technical

Input Survey 2022-23: Manual of Instructions for data collection Schedule Page 26
 advice related to agricultural activity, else select “No”. If “Yes” is selected
then move to next item, else go to next Block-E.
27.1.4.4 Item-5: Main source of technical advice: If “Yes” is selected in item 4,
then select one option of the main source of technical advice accessed by
operational holder from the drop-down list under this item. Select code1 for
Progressive farmer, 2 for Input Dealers, 3 for Government Extension
Agent/ATMA, 4 for KrishiVigyan Kendra, 5 for Agriculture University /
College, 6 for Private Commercial Agents, 7 for Farmer Producer
Organizations (FPO), 8 for Private Processors, 9 for Agriculture Clinics &
Agriculture Business Centers (ACABC), 10 for NGO, Kisan Call Centre,
11 for Print Media / Radio / TV / Smartphone Apps based information /
Other Electronic Device.
Progressive farmer: Progressive farmers would also include the farmers’
organizations, which may be commodity-specific – whether registered or
unregistered. Many associations of growers of a particular commodity, e.g.,
grape, mango, onion, litchi, guava, exist in various parts of the country and
these often serve as important sources of information for the farmers.
Input dealers: Input dealers are those who are engaged in activities of
providing agricultural inputs such as seeds, fertilizers, insecticides, cattle /
poultry feed, fishing net, sprinkler/drip irrigation machinery, spare parts of
oil engine / tractor / fishing boats, tools required for poultry/horticulture,
etc.
Government extension agent/ Agricultural Technology Managing
Agency (ATMA): Extension agent/worker would mean an employee of the
government in the Department of Agriculture/Horticulture/Animal
Husbandry/Forestry/Soil Conservation or Agricultural Universities or
ICAR Institutes, Agricultural Technology Management Agency (ATMA).
Para-technicians/ para-veterinarians visiting from Government departments
will also be classified under this category.
Agricultural Technology Managing Agency (ATMA) is a society of key
stakeholders involved in agricultural activities for sustainable agricultural
development in the district. It is a focal point for integrating Research and
Extension activities and decentralizing day to day management of the
public Agricultural Technology System (ATS). It is a registered society
responsible for technology dissemination at the district level. As a society,
it would be able to receive and expend project funds, entering into contracts
& agreements and maintaining revolving accounts that can be used to
collect fees and thereby recovering operating cost. ATMA is supported by
Governing Board (GB) and Management Committee (MC). The Governing
Board is a policy making body and provide guidance as well as review the
progress and functioning of the ATMA. The Management Committee
would be responsible for planning and executing the day-to-day activities
of ATMA. They were set up as new institutional arrangements for
technology dissemination under the Agricultural Technology Management
Agency (ATMA) Scheme.
Krishi Vigyan Kendra (KVK): These are the centres set up by the State
Agricultural Universities, Indian Council of Agricultural Research Stations,
and Agricultural Research Stations of State Governments. These sometimes
have Farmers’ Training Centres also. The KVKs organize training,

Input Survey 2022-23: Manual of Instructions for data collection Schedule Page 27
 demonstration and on-farm trials on modern technological packages and on
various aspects of modern agriculture. These institutions work as
information-cum-service centers which make available information on new
technologies in the form of booklets to the farmers. It also supplies certain
inputs to the farmers which are not easily available in the market so as to
make the farmer adopt the technology without any difficulty. Besides these,
various agro- clinical services like soil, water, leaf and petiole analysis for
effective nutrient utilization and disease and pest analysis are also provided
by the KVKs.
Agricultural university /college: Agricultural Universities / colleges are
mostly public institutions that are engaged in teaching, research and
extension in agriculture and related disciplines.
Private commercial agents (including contract farming sponsors/
companies, drilling contractors, etc.): Private commercial agents are mostly
representative of private research organization, contract farming sponsors/
companies, drilling contractor etc.
Farmer Producer Organisations (FPOs): A Producer Organisation (PO)
is a legal entity formed by primary producers, viz. farmers, milk producers,
fishermen, weavers, rural artisans, craftsmen. A PO can be a producer
company, a cooperative society or any other legal form which provides for
sharing of profits/benefits among the members. In some forms like
producer companies, institutions of primary producers can also become
member of PO.
The main aim of PO is to ensure better income for the producers through
an organization of their own. Small producers do not have the volume
individually (both inputs and produce) to get the benefit of economies of
scale. Besides, in agricultural marketing, there is a long chain of
intermediaries who very often work non-transparently leading to the
situation where the producer receives only a small part of the value that the
ultimate consumer pays. Through aggregation, the primary producers can
avail the benefit of economies of scale. They will also have better
bargaining power vis-à-vis the bulk buyers of produce and bulk suppliers
of inputs.
Farmers Producer Organisation (FPO) is one type of PO where the
members are farmers. Small Farmers’ Agribusiness Consortium (SFAC) is
providing support for promotion of FPOs. Farmer Producer companies are
FPOs registered under Indian Companies Act.

Private processors: Private agencies/ individuals engaged in agro

processing are termed as private processors. Agro processing could be
defined as set of techno-economic activities carried out for conservation
and handling of agricultural produce and to make it usable as food, feed,
fibre, fuel or industrial raw material.

Agriculture Clinics and Agriculture Business Centres (ACABC): The

ACABC scheme was launched in 2002 and was targeted at young rural
agriculture graduates who wanted to turn entrepreneurs seeking to provide
fee-based agriculture services to farmers. The scheme involves mandatory
training and subsidy to set up a rural service center, often supported by a

Input Survey 2022-23: Manual of Instructions for data collection Schedule Page 28
 bank loan. ACABCs were to provide a range of services, including sale of
inputs, agriculture advice, marketing support etc. A mandatory two-month
training at the National Institute of Agricultural Extension Management
(MANAGE), at Hyderabad was designed to instill the basis of business
management among aspiring agriculture entrepreneurs.
NGO: These will include private sources of information only. The
government para-technician would be classed as ‘extension agent’.
Kisan Call Centre: In order to harness the potential of ICT in Agriculture,
Ministry of Agriculture launched the scheme "Kisan Call Centres (KCCs)"
on January 21, 2004. Main aim of the project is to answer farmers' queries
on a telephone call in their own dialect. These call Centres are working in
14 different locations covering all the States and UTs. A countrywide
common eleven-digit Toll Free number 1800-180-1551 has been allotted
for Kisan Call Centre. This number is accessible through mobile phones
and landlines of all telecom networks including private service providers.
Replies to the farmers' queries are given in 22 local languages.
Print media: Different print media also supply information on different
aspects of farming through specific columns regularly. For the purpose of
this item, print media include all types of print media including newspapers,
pages devoted to discussion and articles on agriculture of daily newspaper,
agricultural magazines, bulletins and leaflets published periodically.
Radio/TV/ other electronic media: Sources like radio and television also
supply information to the farmers regarding weather, farming practices to
be followed in different seasons, methods of farming of different crops,
technological developments on farming etc., through different programmes
on a regular basis. In this regard, it may be mentioned that both radio and
television will include private as well as government channels and no
distinction will be made between the two. Internet is a major source
nowadays where information on different aspects of farming can be
accessed. The growth of internet and mobile technology has reached even
remote areas of the country. Accessing Internet through PCs, laptops,
mobile, etc., all will be considered for this item.
Smartphone app based information: With increasing penetration of
smart phones in India with their affordable prices, it has been considered
necessary to create mobile Apps for agricultural extension activities. These
smartphone apps are available to farmers and all other stakeholders for
extracting information related to agriculture from the web. They are also
useful for remote location data entry where desktop PCs are not available.
Such apps are developed through government agencies (like C-DAC, NIC,
etc.) and independent Android enthusiasts/ private firms.

27.1.4.5 Item 6:Type of information/advice received: The type of information

received from the main source accessed will be recorded in this column in
terms of codes which are given below: 1 for Improved seed/variety, 2 for
Fertilizer application, 3 for Plant protection (pesticide etc.), 4 for Farm
machinery, 5 for Harvesting/ Marketing, 6 for Others.
27.1.4.6 Item 7: Whether recommended advice adopted: Adoption of
recommended practice means that recommended practice is followed by the
operational holder for the agricultural activity on a large scale after having

Input Survey 2022-23: Manual of Instructions for data collection Schedule Page 29
 been convinced about the gains of technology. This might happen with or
without trial. Thus, record “Yes” if the operational holder adopted the
recommended advice, otherwise “No” should be recorded.

27.1.5 Block E –Membership/user of Agricultural Services: In this Block,

primary worker should fill the details of membership/user of agriculture
services such as FPOs, beneficiary schemes, KCC etc for the following items:

27.1.5.1 Item 2: Are you a member of any Farmers Producer Organization:

Record “Yes” if the operational holder is a member of any Farmers
Producer Organization (FPO), otherwise “No” should be recorded.
27.1.5.2 Item3:Are you a member of any Self Help Groups: Record “Yes” if the
operational holder is a member of any Self Help Groups (SHGs), otherwise
“No” should be recorded.
27.1.5.3 Item 4: Do you have Kisan Credit Card: Record “Yes” if the operational
holder is having Kisan Credit Card (KCC), otherwise “No” should be
recorded.
27.1.5.4 Item 5: Have you taken any crop insurance? Record “Yes” if the
operational holder has insured any of the crops grown to get protection from
natural calamities, otherwise “No” should be recorded. If “Yes” is recorded,
then go to items 6 & 7 regarding the insured amount, else go to item 8.
27.1.5.5 Item 6: Total claim amount received during reference year (2022 - 2023):
Record the claim amount received by the operational holder during the
reference year against the availed crop insurance.
27.1.5.6 Item 7: Total claim amount received during last five years including
reference year (2022 - 2023): Record the claim amount received during
last five years including reference year against the availed crop insurance.
27.1.5.7 Item 8: Are you aware of any agricultural beneficiary schemes: Record
“Yes” if the operational holder is aware of any agricultural beneficiary
schemes launched by the Government of India, otherwise “No” should be
recorded. If “No” is selected, then go to next item 9. If “Yes” is recorded,
then select the schemes (one or more) for which the operational holder

Input Survey 2022-23: Manual of Instructions for data collection Schedule Page 30
 availed during the reference year. For easy of selection, the agricultural
beneficiary schemes are broadly classified into 6 as under: 1:PM-KISAN,
2:PMFBY, 3:KCC, 4:SHC, 5:MSP, 6:Others (PMKSY, e-NAM, RKVY,
NFSM, NMSA, AIF, ATMA etc.).
27.1.5.8 Item 9: Annual income of household of holder from economic activities
(in Rs.): Here, annual income generated by household of the operational
holder through different economic activities during the reference year
should be recorded. Select 1 if annual income is less than 50000, 2 if annual
income is 50000 to 1.25 lakh, 3 if annual income is 1.25 lakh to 2.5 lakh
and 4 if annual income is 2.5 lakh & above.
27.1.5.9 Item 10: Level of improvement in agricultural income during last five
years: To improve the conditions of farmers, Government of India has
taken up several measures and hasgiven priority to agricultural sector.
Therefore, to measure the outcome or improvement in agricultural income
during the last five years, record the level of improvement in terms of
percentage from the drop-down list by selecting appropriate code as per the
response of the operational holder as under: 1 for upto 25%, 2 for 25% to
less than 50%, 3 for 50% to less than 75%, 4 for 75% to less 100% and 5for
above 100%.

27.1.6 Block F: Information on Organic Farming: This Block will be filled

to collect information about organic farming practices as under:

27.1.6.1 Item 2: Did you practice organic farming? Record “Yes” if the operational
holder is practicing organic farming during the reference year, otherwise
“No” should be recorded. If “No” is recorded, then go to next Block-G. If
“Yes” is recorded, then go to items 3&4.
27.1.6.2 Item 3: Area under organic farming: If the operational holder has
practiced organic farming (Yes in item 2) during the reference year, then
record the area under organic farming.
27.1.6.3 Item 4: Is organic product produced by operational holder certified by
Government approved Certification agency:Record “Yes” if the organic
product produced by operational holder is certified by Government
approved agency, otherwise “No” should be recorded.

27.1.7 Block G: Agricultural credit availed by operational holder through

institutional sources during 2022-23:In this Block, record the details of
agricultural loans availed by operational holders through institutional sources

Input Survey 2022-23: Manual of Instructions for data collection Schedule Page 31
 during the reference year. Agricultural loansare availed by operational holder to
fund seasonal agricultural operations or related activities like purchase of
agricultural land or agricultural tools/implements, for which its tenure may also
vary (short term, medium term and long term) depending on the purpose of the
availed loan. There are 3 institutional sources from where he/she can avail the
agricultural loans, viz.,
(i) Primary Agricultural Credit Society (PACS),
(ii) Regional Rural Banks/Commercial Banks, and
(iii) Other Institution
27.1.7.1 First, record “Yes” under the item “Have you availed any agricultural loan”
if the operational holder has taken any agricultural loan during the reference
year, otherwise “No” should be recorded. If “No” is recorded, then the tab
will automatically move to next Block-H. If “Yes” is recorded, then select
one after another the tenure of loan from the drop-down list, viz., (a) Short
Term (Repayment period upto 18 months), (b) Medium Term (Repayment
period more than 18 months but less than 5 years) &(c) Long Term
(Repayment period more than or equal to 5 years) for filling the details of
the loan amount availed against the source and its purpose.

27.1.7.2 Within each of the tenure of loan, the amount availed is to be recorded by
ticking /selecting the appropriate purpose of loan, viz., 1. Fertilizer, 2.
Agricultural Machinery/Tools & 3. Other Agricultural inputs etc. against
different sources. It may be also being possible that an operational holder
may have availed only one agricultural loan. In this case, first select the
tenure of loan and record the loan amount by selecting the appropriate list
from the purpose of loan against the source.

27.1.8 Block H– Information on use of IPM and soil testing during 2022
- 23: The purpose of this block is to gather information on usage of Integrated
Pest Management (IPM) and Soil testing done on the area operated by
operational holder.

Input Survey 2022-23: Manual of Instructions for data collection Schedule Page 32
 27.1.8.1 Item 2: Was foundation/certified seed multiplication programme taken
up by the operational holder?: Record “Yes” if the operational holder has
taken up the foundation/certified seed multiplication programme during the
reference year, otherwise “No” should be recorded.
27.1.8.2 Item 3: Practices followed for protection of your crop from pests: This
item relates to information on package of practices followed by farmer for
Pest Management. This question is designed to know whether the farmer is
relying on package of practices recommended under Integrated Pest
Management (IPM) approach or is solely depending upon use of pesticides.
The various components of IPM programmes are discussed in Annexure-
VII. The investigator is required to ask open-ended question to the farmer
regarding his usual (normal, customary, most of the time) practice for pest
control. The farmer (respondent) should be allowed to reply at length
explaining all, what he does. After listening to the response, the investigator
would tick one or more of the 7 given options. Efforts should be made to
cover all the approaches adopted by the farmer in marking the response. It
is to be noted that the question allows for more than one response from the
farmer or operational holder.
Soil Health Card (SHC) is a Government of India flagship scheme
launched in February 2015 and promoted by the Department of Agriculture
& Farmers Welfare. Under the scheme, the State/UT government issues soil
cards to farmers across the country at an interval of 2 years. These cards
will carry crop-wise recommendations of balanced doses of fertilizers to
help farmers to improve productivity through judicious use of fertilizers
and ameliorants. All soil samples are being tested in various soil testing labs
across the country to check soil health i.e. the strength and weaknesses
(micro-nutrients deficiency) of the soil and suggest measures to deal with
it. The result and suggestion are being mentioned in the soil health cards.
27.1.8.3 Item 4: Whether soil testing done on the field of operational holder:Select
the appropriate option from thedrop-down list against the item depending
on the status of soil testing conducted on the field of operational holder as
under: 1. During reference year 2022-23, 2. During last five years including
reference year 2022-23, 3. No. If the selected option is “No” against this

Input Survey 2022-23: Manual of Instructions for data collection Schedule Page 33
 item, then other items 5-8 will be disabled and move to next Block-I;
otherwise go to next item 5.
27.1.8.4 Item 5: Please indicate area of the entire parcel(s) on which soil testing
was carried out:If the selected option in item 4 is either 1 or 2, then record
the area of the entire parcel on which soil testing was carried out.
27.1.8.5 Item 6: Do you have Soil Health Card: Select “Yes” if the operational
holder is having Soil Health Card (SHC), otherwise “No” should be
selected. If the selected option is “No” against this item, then next items 7
& 8 will be disabled and move to next Block-I; otherwise go to next item
7.
27.1.8.6 Item 7: Whether Recommendations of Soil Health Card (SHC)
adopted/applied? Select “Yes” if the recommendations of SHC is
adopted/applied by the operational holder, otherwise “No” should be
selected. If the selected option is “Yes” against this item, then go to next
item 8, otherwise item 8 will be disabled and move to next Block-I.
27.1.8.7 Item 8: Did it help to increase in production? Select “Yes” if the
adoption/application of the recommendations of SHC helped in increasing
the production, otherwise select “No” and move to next Block-I.

27.1.9 Block-I: Use of Agricultural Implements/Machines/Equipments:

This block has been designed to record the usage of various Agricultural
Machinery and Implements by the operational holder during 2022-23. The list
of 64 Agricultural Implements/Machinery is given in three Blocks:
A-Manual Machines/Equipments, B-Animal Drawn Implements, C-
Powered Equipments/Machines
Against each item, the enumerator would select whether the operational holder
has used the particular machine/equipment during the reference year 2022-23 or
not. If used, then it will further be probed whether the operational holder owns
the Agricultural implements/machinery/equipment or it has been hired or both
owned & hired. For definition of various items of machinery and equipment,
Annexure-VI may be referred.

Input Survey 2022-23: Manual of Instructions for data collection Schedule Page 34
 27.1.10 : Block J – Block J1: Parcel wise information & Block J2:
Holding wise information: In this block, the information is to be filled-
in separately for each parcel (one row for each parcel) constituting the total
operational holding.

27.1.10.1 Item 2: Number of Parcels: The District would be outer limit for pooling
of all the parcels of the operational holder as estimates are to be generated
at District level in Input Survey. Here, record the total number of parcels
operated by operational holders against the operated holding. However, it
to be noted that the total parcel number should not be more than the total
surveys against the holdings. For instance, if the operated holding consists
of 2 parcels, then enter 2 against this item 2 and fill the data for each of
the parcels from items 3 to 6before moving to next Block J2.

27.1.10.2 Item 3: Parcel Number: Running serial number starting from 1 upto the
total number of parcels mentioned in item 2 will be automatically
displayed by the system. Here, selects the parcel number one after another
for filling the details in items 3A to 6.
27.1.10.3 Item 3A: List of survey numbers: Identification details of all survey
numbers for the selected parcel in item 3 will be displayed. Generally,
this data will be available as prefilled from updated Phase-I listing
database. Here, select all the displayed survey numbers before moving to
next item 4.
27.1.10.4 Item4: Location of Parcel: This item relates to the location in which the
corresponding parcel is located. Here, selects the appropriate option from
the drop-down list depending on the location of the parcel as under: 1 for
parcel is within the village, 2 for outside the village but within tehsil and
3 for outside the tehsil but within same district/state.
27.1.10.5 Item 5: Method of irrigation: Select the option from the drop-down list
of method of irrigation through which the corresponding parcel is

Input Survey 2022-23: Manual of Instructions for data collection Schedule Page 35
 irrigated. Select 1 for surface/open channel, 2 for sprinkle, 3 for drip, 4
for others, 5 for Not irrigated. If option 5 for “Not Irrigated” is selected,
then the next item 6 will be disabled and move to next Block J-2.
27.1.10.6 Item 6: Type of energy used for irrigation: Please record the type of
energy used by operational holder to irrigate the corresponding parcel.
Select 1 for petrol, 2 for diesel, 3 for electricity, 4 for solar and5 for
Others.
27.1.10.7 Block J2: Holding wise information: In this block, the information
is to be filled-in separately for each holding. This block mainly relates to
intensity of cultivation. It is necessary that the enumerator is fully aware
of concepts, like, multiple cropping (Kharif, Rabi and Jaid), net and gross
area under irrigated and unirrigated crops, uncultivated area, etc. before
canvassing this schedule. Each form will contain data for one operational
holding only.
27.1.10.8 Item 7 to 24: Intensity of cultivation and irrigation: These columns aim
at gathering information about intensity of cultivation under irrigated and
unirrigated conditions. A particular parcel is classified as irrigated if it
receives at least one irrigation during a year. If it receives no irrigation, it
is classed as unirrigated. Under both irrigated and unirrigated conditions,
multiple cropping is, nevertheless, possible. But on irrigated land, it is
quite possible that only some of the crops taken on the land received
irrigation. A crop will be considered as irrigated if it receives at least one
irrigation. For the purpose of this schedule, number of times a
particular crop receives irrigation is of no consequence. Thus, on an
irrigated land there are six possibilities, if we were to classify the cropping
intensity in 3 broad categories. These categories under irrigated
conditions are: (i) One crop sown with irrigation, (ii) two crops sown but
only one crop received irrigation, (iii) two crops sown and both crops
received irrigation (iv) three or more crops sown but only one received
irrigation (v) three or more crops sown but only two crops received
irrigation (vi) three or more crops sown and all the crops received
irrigation.
The sequential logic to be followed for filling Cols. 7 to 17 of this block is
clarified in the tree diagram given in Box-1 below. The tree diagram indicates
successive divisions of area of parcel, which has been assumed to be 5.00 ha. as
an example for explanation.
The entire information required in this schedule could be obtained by posing a
series of six nodal questions. An illustrative list of questions to be asked by the
enumerator with reference to example adopted in Box-1 is given as modal
interview schedule in Box-2. The expected answers and the figures to be filled in
different columns are also given under the heading of Action.
It would be seen that the above logic works through successive elimination of
area and focusing on smaller and smaller segments of the area of the survey
number. The sequence of questions given in Box-2 is to be followed for all survey
numbers.
It is to be noted that this schedule has been designed to cover all possible situations
that could be encountered in the field. The example adopted for Boxes 1 & 2, is
such that figures are obtained in most of the columns of the Block-J2. However,
in practice it may be possible that there is no figure in some of the columns.

Input Survey 2022-23: Manual of Instructions for data collection Schedule Page 36
Box-1: Sequential Division of Area under various Categories in Block-J2

Area of the Holding: Col.3A:5 ha.

Uncultivated area: Area under current Net Sown Area: Col 21:
Col. 7:0.5 ha fallow: Col.8: 0.3ha 4.2 ha

Un-irrigated area: Irrigated area:

Col.19:2.0ha Col.20: 2.2ha

Cropped once: Col.9: Cropped more than

1.5 ha once: Col.10: 0.5ha

Cropped once: Col.11: Cropped twice: Col.14: Cropped thrice or more:

1.5 ha 0.5 ha Col.18: 0.2ha

Only one crop irrigated: Both crop irrigated:

Col.12: 0.3ha Col.13: 0.2ha

One crop irrigated: Two crop irrigated: Three or more crop

Col.15:0.0ha Col.16: 0.1ha irrigated: Col.17:0.1ha

Input Survey 2022-23: Manual of Instructions for data collection Schedule Page 37
Box-2:Model Interview Sequence for Block J2

Nodal Question Description

/Answer/Action
QuestionNo.1 How much of total 5ha. area of the Holding did you cultivate in the
Reference year?
Answer No.1 4.2 ha.
Auxiliary Question How much of 0.8ha. of uncultivated land was current fallow and
No.1(a) how much was under other uncultivated area?
AnswerNo.1(a) Only 0.3 ha. was current fallow and remaining 0.5 ha. Was old
fallow or culturable waste or not available for cultivation etc.
Action Fill-up figures in Col. 7, 8 and 21, ensuring that these figures total to
the figure in Col.3A.
Question No.2 How much of your Net Sown Area of 4.2 ha. receives no irrigation?
Answer No.2 2ha. Was totally unirrigated and 2.2ha. was irrigated.
Action Fill Cols. 19 and 2 0 , ensuring the figures in these columns total to
Col.21.
Question No.3 On how much your 2.0 ha. Un-irrigated land took only one crop and
on how much more than one crop?
Answer No.3 On 1.5 ha. Only one crop and on remaining more than one crop.
Action Fill column 9 and 10, ensuring they total to column 19.
Question No.4 On how much of your 2.2 ha. portion of the parcel which received
irrigation, you took one crop, two crop or more than two crops? (This
question may be put in two steps also by making auxiliary question,
as in question 1).
Answer No.4 Only one crop on 1.5 ha., two crops on 0.5ha. and three crops on 0.2
ha.
Action Fill columns 11, 14 and 18, ensuring that they total to col.20.
Question No.5 In how much of your 0.5ha. area which was irrigated and was
cropped twice only one crop was irrigated and in how much two
crops were irrigated.
Answer No.5 In 0.3ha. only one crop was irrigated, and in remaining both crop
was irrigated.
Action Fill Column 12 and13, ensuring that figures in these columns total to
column14.
Question No.6 In how much of your 0.2ha. area which was irrigated and was
cropped thrice or more only one crop was irrigated, two crops were
irrigated and three or more crops were irrigated? (This question may
be split in Auxiliary question as in question 1).
Answer No.6 In 0.1ha. two crops were irrigated and in remaining 0.1 ha. three or
more crops were irrigated. Thus there was no area under one crop
irrigated.
Action Fill Columns 15, 16 and17 ensuring that figures in these columns total
to Col.18.

27.1.11 Block K1 – Area under irrigated crops and usage of chemical

fertilizers, seeds, manures and pesticides during Agriculture year
2022-23(July 2022 to June 2023) (Kharif 2022, Rabi 2022-23 and
Jaid 2022-23): This Block is meant for collection of information pertaining
to area under irrigated crops, use of chemical fertilizers, organic manures, bio-
fertilizers and pesticides in respect of irrigated crops.

Input Survey 2022-23: Manual of Instructions for data collection Schedule Page 38
 Macro Nutrient [Code]-drop-down and can select more than one: [Area] [Kgs]
Micro Nutrient [Code]-drop-down and can select more than one: [Area] [Kgs]
Complex Mixture[Code-NPK]-Drop-down and can select more than one: [Area] [Kgs] –
option for adding extra code

27.1.11.1 Item 1: Number of Crops: Record the total number of irrigated crops
grown by the operational holder under irrigated area during the reference
year.
27.1.11.2 Item 2: Crop Code: Select Crop code along crop name from the drop-
down list.
27.1.11.3 Item 3 to 5: Select appropriate code from the drop-down list of type of
seed used, source from where seeds was purchased and quality of seeds
encountered respectively against each of the corresponding crop code
selected under item 2.
27.1.11.4 Item 6 to 8: Record the area irrigated, quantity of seeds (in kg)used and
area treated with one or more of chemical fertilizers respectively against
each of the corresponding crop code selected under item 2. The area
under the crop against item 8 is not the total of the areas indicated against
various fertilizers but the area treated with some chemical fertilizers. It
may be noted that area treated with one or more chemical fertilizers
under item8 should be either greater or equal to area treated with any
specific fertilizer under the crop. Similarly, area treated with one or more
chemical fertilizers at item8 would be either less or equal to area under
irrigated crop of item 6.

Input Survey 2022-23: Manual of Instructions for data collection Schedule Page 39
 27.1.11.5 Item 9: Particulars of area treated with different chemical fertilizers
under crop: Particulars listed in item 9 refer to the use of chemical
fertilizers. The information required is to be collected for each of the
fertilizers used by the operational holder against the corresponding crop
code selected at item 2. For each of the crop selected at item 2, the area
fertilized and the quantity of specific fertilizer used (in kg) for that crop
is to be recorded in rows corresponding to those specific fertilizers. A
comprehensive list of fertilizers and their codes is given in Annexure-
V. For convenience of investigators/enumerators, the names of seven
major fertilizers and their codes have been provided in the data entry
screen. For other popular brand of Macro Nutrients, Micro Nutrients
fertilizers and Complex Mixture, option for choosing particular
fertilizers used by operational holder is provided as drop-down list and
the corresponding Area Treated and Quantity used should be filled or
recorded. As this block of information is to be used for estimation of
nutrient wise consumption of fertilizers against each of the
corresponding crop code selected under item 2, it is important to know
the nutrient content of the fertilizers. However, in view of large number
of complex / mixture popular in different parts of the country, the
nutrient content of these fertilizers is to be provided under Complex
Mixture. For example, if the farmer tells the name of popular brand, the
same could be recorded at the time of interview. Suppose, it is known
that this brand contains 12% Nitrogen (N), 32% Phosphate (P) and 16%
Potash (K), the investigator will choose the fertilizer code for 12-32-16
and fill the corresponding fields. The unit recommended for recording
area is hectare and that for quantity of fertilizer in kgs only. If farmer
tells information in number of bags, it should be converted to equivalent
Kgs to fill this block.
27.1.11.6 Item 10 to 15: Item No.10 to 15 relate to the use of organic manures,
green manures, bio-fertilizers and Pesticides. The concepts of organic
manure, green manure and bio-fertilizers are discussed in Annexure-
VII. For the purpose of the survey, “Pesticide” would mean all types of
chemicals used for killing pests on plants and would thus include
insecticide, weedicide and fungicides.

In case of long duration crops which cover both Kharif and Rabi/Jaid
seasons, it should be ensured that the area is taken into account only once
during the year and the quantity of various fertilizers, etc. used for the
entire duration of the crop may be indicated.

27.1.12 Block K2– Area under un-irrigated crops and usage of chemical
fertilizers, seeds, manures and pesticides during Agriculture year
2022-23 (July 2022 to June 2023) (Kharif 2022, Rabi 2022-23 and
Jaid 2022-23): This block is meant for collection of information pertaining
to area under unirrigated crops, use of chemical fertilizers, seeds, organic
manures, bio-fertilizers and pesticides etc in respect of unirrigated crops.

The instructions for canvassing this block is the same as adopted for Block
K1above.

27.1.13 Block- K: Validation status of all blocks: This block has been added to
check/verify the status of progress or completion of each Block to ensure that

Input Survey 2022-23: Manual of Instructions for data collection Schedule Page 40
 no information is left out during data collection work for the corresponding
selected serial number or operational holder in Block-A. In this Block, the status
of progress is displayed for each Block in terms of Completed or Pending. Also,
the enumerator can go directly to any completed or pending Block by clicking
on the status and fill the incomplete information or edit any information.

After ensuring that all the Blocks for the corresponding selected serial number or
operational holder are completely filled, click on the button “Final Save”
available in this Block to save the collected information and then move to next
selected serial number or operational holder for filling the information.

Input Survey 2022-23: Manual of Instructions for data collection Schedule Page 41
 Section – D: Annexure

Input Survey 2022-23: Manual of Instructions for data collection Schedule Page 42
 Annexure-I

Tabe-1: Information on Number of Villages and villages selected in Tehsils/ Blocks

1. State:

2. District:

3. Total Number of Tehsils/Blocks in the District:

No. of Names of selected villages with

Tehsil Villages their codes
Sl. Number of
Tehsil/Block /Block selected
No. Villages in
Name Code for Name of
Tehsil/Block Codes
Input village
in Phase-II
Survey
1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Note: 35% villages are to be randomly selected with SRSWOR from Phase-II villages.

Generation of Tables through the system after updation of frame (Schedule-L)

Table-2: Size-class wise list of operational holders in the sample Village (Generate after
completion of L Schedule)
Name of the operational
Sl. No. Father/Husband name Operated Area (in Ha.)
holder
1 2 3 4

Table-3: Size-class wise selected operational holders in sample Village

Name of the operational
Sl. No. Father/Husband name Operated Area (in Ha.)
holder
1 2 3 4

Note: Sample of 4 are to be selected randomly with srswor from each size class and additional 2 sample each as reserve
for casualty sample.

Table-4: Total number and selected holders in Sample Village (District/Tehsil/Village level)
Number and Area of total and selected holdings in sample village
Marginal Small Medium Large
Semi-medium (2.00 to 3.99 ha.)
(below 1.00 ha.) (1.00 to 1.99 ha.) (4.00 to 9.99 ha.) (10.00 ha. & above)

Total In Sample Total In Sample Total In Sample Total In Sample Total In Sample
No. Area No. Area No. Area No. Area No. Area No. Area No. Area No. Area No. Area No. Area
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

Note: to be updated as and when the data is collected depending on number of casualty.

Input Survey 2022-23: Manual of Instructions for data collection Schedule Page 43
 Annexure-II

Schedule-L: List of Operational Holders and their record of selection in the selected
village.

Block-A: Identification particulars:

1. State: 2. District 3. Block/Tehsil

4. Village: 5. Name of Enumerator:

6. Area Unit: Hectare/Acre/Others (Specify):

Block-B: List of Operational Holders for all households in the Village:
Area operated
Sl. No. of House Name of Father / Total
Sl. Survey Other- Total area Tenancy
operational No. operational husband Owned & self Leased- area
No. No. wise operated Status
holder holder name operated in operated
operated (Col.7+8+9)
(in ha.)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

Note: Code for Tenancy Status in Col.12: 1 - Wholly owned and self-operated, 2 – Partly owned and partly leased-in, 3
– Wholly leased-in, 4 – Wholly otherwise operated, 5 – Partly owned and partly otherwise operated, 6 – Partly leased-in
and partly otherwise operated, 7 – Partly owned, partly leased-in and partly otherwise operated.

Block-C: Area operated by Tenancy Status (Fill this block if information in Col.8 of Block-B
is filled)
Sl. No. of area leased- Type of tenancy on leased-in area (1- Area of leased-in
in Fixed Money, 2-Fixed produce, 3-share
of produce, 4 –no specific terms from
relatives, 5-others)
1 2 3

Input Survey 2022-23: Manual of Instructions for data collection Schedule Page 44
 Annexure-III

Block-A: Identification particulars

1. State: 2. District 3. Block/Tehsil

4. Village: 5. Name of Enumerator:

Block-B: Demographic Profile

Number of family members (18 years & above) engaged in Operational
Household size
agriculture holder engaged
House Age (as on in other farming
Number the last activities like
Name of Father /

Transgender
Sl. birthday of Male Female Transgender livestock rearing
operational husband

Female
No. holder) (in / fishery /

Male
holder name
completed poultry etc along
year) with
Fully Partially Fully Partially Fully Partially Agriculture
(Code 0 - 4)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15

Note: Code for Col.15 : 0 – No, 1 – Livestock, 2 – Poultry, 3 – Fisheries, 4 – Others.

Block-C: Economic Profile
Main Source of income of Main purpose of agriculture If Code 2 or 3 in Col.3 then to Are you satisfied with the
Sl. No. Operational holder production whom the agricultural products sale outcome?
(Code 1 – 7) (Code 1 – 3) are sold ( Code 1 – 9) (Code 1 – 6)
1 2 3 4 5

Note:1. Codeformain source of incomein Col.2: 1 – Crop Production, 2 – Livestock, 3 – Poultry, 4 – Fisheries, 5 – Non-farming
business, 6 – Wages/regular salaried, 7 – Others.
2. Codeformain purpose of agriculture production in Col.3: 1 – Self Consumption, 2 – For Sale, 3 – Both.
3. Code for Col.4: 1 – Local Market (including localtraders), 2 – APMC Market, 3 – Input Traders, 4 – Cooperative, 5 –
Government Agencies, 6 – FarmersProducer Organizations (FPO), 7 – Private Processors, 8 – Contract Farming
Sponsors/Companies, 9 – Others.
4. Code for Col.5: 1 – Satisfactory, 2 – Not Satisfactory: Lower than Market Price, 3 – Delayed Payments, 4 – Deductions for
Loans Borrowed, 5 – Faulty Weighing and Grading,, 6 – Other Cause of Dissatisfaction.

Block-D: Education and Technical Profile

Whether access to If Yes in col. 4, source of technical
Educational Whether attended Type of
technical advice advice Whether recommended/
Sl. Qualification of any formal training in information/advice
related to advice adopted
No. holder (code 1- Agriculture Source of Technical advice received
agricultural activity? Sl. No. (Yes-1/No-2)
6)$$ (Yes-1/No-2) (Code 1 – 11) (Code 1-15)
(Yes-1/No-2)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Note: 1. Code for education in Col.2: Illiterate – 0; Primary (Standard V) – 1; Middle–2; High School/Secondary – 3; Senior
Secondary / Pre-degree – 4; Technical diploma below degree level – 5; Graduate and above – 6.
2. Code for Sources of Technical advice in Col.6: 1 – Progressive farmer, 2 – Input Dealers, 3 – Government Extension
Agent/ATMA, 4 – Krishi Vigyan Kendra, 5 – Agriculture University / College, 6 – Private Commercial Agents, 7 – Farmer
Producer Organizations (FPO), 8 – Private Processors, 9 – Agriculture Clinics & Agriculture Business Centers (ACABC),
10 – NGO, Kisan Call Centre, 11 – Print Media / Radio / TV / Smartphone Apps based information / Other Electronic
Device.
3. Code for Type of technical advice received in Col.7: Cultivation: 1 – Improved seed/variety, 2 – Fertilizer application, 3-
Plant protection (pesticide etc.),4- Farm machinery , 5 – Harvesting/ Marketing, 6 – Others, Animal husbandry : 7 –
Breeding, 8 – Feeding, 9 – Health care, 10 – Management, 11- Others, Fishery: 12 – Seed production, 13 – Harvesting,,
14 – Management and marketing, 15 – Others.

Input Survey 2022-23: Manual of Instructions for data collection Schedule Page 45
Block-E: Membership/Uses of Agricultural Services
Are you
Are you satisfied Is there any
Have you taken aware of
Are you a If yes in col. 5, Name of the availed with the schemes improvement in income
Do you have any crop any
Sl. member of any then no. of schemes (Code 0 – 14) (1 – Fully during the last 5 years
KCC (Yes-1 insurance agricultural
No. FPO(Yes-1/No- Schemes satisfied, 2 – after availing the govt.
/No-2) during 2022-23 schemes
2) availed Partially satisfied, beneficiary schemes
(Yes-1/No-2) (Yes-1/ No-
3 – No satisfied) (Code 0 – 4)
2)
Sl. No. Name
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Note: 1. Code for agricultural scheme in Col. 8: 0-No, 1 –PM-KISAN, 2 – PMFBY, 3 – PMKSY, 5 – e-NAM, 6 – KCC,
7 – RKVY, 8 – NFSM, 9 – AIF, 10 – SHC, 11 – MSP, 12 – NMSA, 13-ATMA, 14-Others.
2. Code for Col. 10: 0 – No, 1 – 0 to 25%, 2 – 25 to 50%, 3 – 50 to 75%, 4 – Above 75%.

Block-F: Information on Organic Farming

Is organic product produced by operational holder certified
If Yes in Col.2, provide area under organic
Sl. No. Do you practiced organic farming (Yes – 1 / No- 2) by government approved certification agency (Yes – 1 / No –
farming
2)
1 2 3 4

Note: ##Organic farming is a system of agriculture without the use of chemical fertilizer & pesticides with an environmentally
and socially responsible approach;

Block-G: Agricultural Credit availed by operational holder during 2022-23

Purpose of loan (1- fertilizer, 2-
Tenure of loan seeds, 3-
Have you availed any
Sl. No. of Source of loan ( 1- short term (less than 1 Agricultural Machinery/tools , Amount of loan availed (in
Sl. No. agricultural loan (Yes-1/No-
loan availed* year), 2- long term (more than 4- capital formation in Rs.)
2)
1 year) agriculture, 5- other
agricultural inputs)

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Note: Code for source of loan in col. 4: 1 – Primary Agricultural Credit Society, 2 – Regional Rural Bank Branch / Commercial
Bank Branch, 3 – Other Institutions, 4 - Non-Institutional sector (including money lender).
* A gricultural loan includes loan taken through Kisan Credit Card.

Block-H: Information on use of Seeds, IPM and Soil testing during 2022-23
SEEDS
Whether
Source from where
HYV/Hybrid seeds If yes in col. 2, Sl. Crop name along Quality of seeds
Sl. No. HYV/Hybrid seeds was
was used (Yes-1/No- No. of crops with code encountered
purchased
2)
1 2 3 4 5 6

Note: 1. Codes for source of HYV/Hybrid in col 5: State Department of Agriculture – 1, Seed Corporation – 2,
State Agriculture University Farms – 3, Cooperatives / Federations – 4, Private Seed Companies – 5, Private
Seed Dealers / Retailers – 6, local market-7,FPO-8, Others-9 .
2. Codes for quality of seeds in col. 6: 1 - good, 2 - Varietal impurity, 3 – Germination failure, 4 - Physical
impurity, 5 – Insect damage, 6 - Others.

Integrated Pest Management (IPM)

Was foundation /certified seed multiplication programme taken up by the Practices followed for protection of your crop
Sl. No.
operational holder? (Yes-1/No-2) from pests (multiple options)
1 2 3

Note: Code for Practices in col. 3: 1- crop rotation, 2-agronomic & cultural practices other than crop rotation, 3-
mechanical control, 4- biological, nature based or environmental methods, 5- chemical methods, 6- others
(specify), 7- no efforts/practices.

Input Survey 2022-23: Manual of Instructions for data collection Schedule Page 46
 SOIL HEALTH CARD
Whether
If yes in col. 2, whether If yes in
Whether soil testing If yes in col 2, please Do you have recommendations
soil testing carried out Col.6, did it
ever done on the field indicate area of the of Soil Health
Sl. Soil Health help to
of holder up to 30 entire parcel(s) on during last five years (i.e. Card (SHC)
No. Card (SHC)? increase in
June, 2023? which soil testing from 01.07.2018 to adopted /
(Yes-1/No-2) production
(Yes-1/No-2) was carried out. 30.06.2023) (yes-1/No-2) applied? (Yes-
(Yes-1/No-2)
1/No-2)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Block-I: Use of Agricultural implements/machines/equipments

Whether used
S.No. Item Codes Yes
Owned Hired No
1 2 3 4 5 6
A. MANUALMACHINES/EQUIPMENTS
1.Hand seed fertilizer drill 101
2.Winnowingf an 102
3.Hand maize sheller 103
4.Chaff cutter 104
5.Hand-operated knapsack sprayer/duster 105
6.Sugarcane crusher 106
7.Others 107
B. ANIMAL-DRAWNIMPLEMENTS
8.Wooden plough 201
9.Cultivator (Triphali) 202
10.Seed-cum-fertilizer drill /seed drill 203
11.Levelling karah 204
12.Seedplanter 205
13.Animal drawn puddler 206
14.Others 207
C. POWEREDEQUIPMENTS/MACHINES
15.Powersprayer 301
16. Power tillers 302
17. Agricultural tractors 303
18.Tractor drawn mould board plough 304
19.Tractordrawndischarrow 305
20. Tractor drawn seed drill/seed-cum-fertilizer drill 306
21. Tractor drawn planter 307
22. Tractor drawn leveler 308
23. Tractor drawn potato digger 309
24. Power threshers (wheat, paddy, multi crop) 310
25.Power chaff cutter 311
26.Power cane crusher 312
27.Combine harvester (tractor powered) 313
28.Combine harvester (self-propelled) 314
29.Cultivator (tractor-drawn) 315
30.Rotavator 316
31.Cage wheels used for puddling 317
32.Self-propelled reaper 318
33.Powermaizesheller 319

Input Survey 2022-23: Manual of Instructions for data collection Schedule Page 47
 Whether used
S.No. Item Codes Yes
Owned Hired No
1 2 3 4 5 6
34.Groundnutdecorticator 320
35.Tractormounted reaper 321
36.Raised–bed planter / BBF planter (tractor drawn) 322
37.Zero–Till Seed–cum–Fertilizer Drill (tractor drawn) 323

38.Strip–Till –Drill(tractor drawn) 324

39.Sugarcane cutter planter (tractor drawn) 325
40.Vegetable trans planter (tractor driven) 326
41.Aero-blast sprayer 327
42.Power weeder (self-propelled) 328
43.Pneumatic planter (tractor drawn) 329
44.Self propelled rice transplanter (both riding type and walk 330
behind)
45.Straw combines (tractor drawn) 331
46.Tractor drawn disc plough 332
47.The laser land leveler 333
48.Straw baler 334
49.Reaper binder 335
50.Sugarcane harvester 336
51.Tractormountedpostholedigger 337
52. Happy seeder 338
53.Tractor mounted spray pump 339
54.Brush cutter 340
55.Chain saw 341
56.Portable augur digger 342
57.Hedge trimmers 343
58.Diesel engine pumpset 344
59.Electric pumpsets 345
60.Sprinkler irrigation sets / micro sprinkler /rain gun 346

61.Drip irrigation set 347

62.Solar pumping set 348
63.Drone Technology 349
64.Tractor operated Check Basin Former 350
65.Tractor operated Sugarcane Seedling Trans planter (Two
351
rows)
66.ractor operated inter row-cum-intra row weeder for
352
Orchards
67.Tractor operated Horizontal Two side Discharge Shredder
353
for Orchards
68.Tractor operated Hydro-Mechanically controlled Offset
354
Orchard Manager
69.Tractor operated Manure Spreader for Orchards 355
70.Tractor operated Two Row forward-reverse Rotavator for
356
Sugarcane crop
71.Tractor operated Banana Stem Shredder 357
72.Tractor operated Sugarcane Leaf Shredder 358
73.Tractor drawn Super Seeder 359

Input Survey 2022-23: Manual of Instructions for data collection Schedule Page 48
 Whether used
S.No. Item Codes Yes
Owned Hired No
1 2 3 4
6 5
74.Tractor Operated Smart Seeder 360
75.Hey Rack 361
76.Super SMS 362
77.Tractor drawn crust breaker/weed Slasher 363
78.Tractor drawn Ridger/Furrow Opener 364
79.Tractor drawn Bund Former 365
80.Self- propelled Combine Maize Harvester 366
81.Others 367
Note: Codes for Col. 4, 5 & 6: Agricultural implements/machines/equipment owned & used by operational holder
Code – 1 will be recorded in Col.4; Used on hire basis Code – 2 will be recorded in Col.5; Not used any
Agricultural implements etc. Code – 3 will be recorded in Col.6.

Block-J: Parcel-wise cropping pattern

Location of Parcel
Identification Method of Type of energy used
S. No. of Outside village Outside tehsil / irrigation (Code1-
particulars of parcel / Area of parcel Within for irrigation
Parcel but within block but within
survey number village 4) (code1-4)
tehsil/block district / State
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1.
2.
Total:
Note: (1) Code for method of irrigation in col.7: 1 - surface/open channel, 2 - sprinkle, 3 - drip, 4-others;
(2) Code for type of energy in col.8: 1 - petrol, 2 - diesel, 3 - electricity, 4 - solar.
(3) Col.3 (Total) = Col.9+Col.10+Col. 11

Net Area Sown Net Unirrigated Area

Uncultivated Area under
area current fallow Cropped Cropped more than
Total Unirrigated Irrigated
once once
11 12 13 (Col.16 + Col.17 +
9 10 14 15
(Col. 12+ 13) (Col.14 +15) Col.20)

Total:

Net Area Irrigated

Cropped twice
Cropped once
Total One crop irrigated Both crop irrigated
16 17 (Col.18+Col.19) 18 19

Total:

Net Area Irrigated

Cropped thrice or more
Total One crop irrigated Two crop irrigated Three or more crop irrigated
20 (Col.21 + Col.22 + Col.23) 21 22 23

Total:

Input Survey 2022-23: Manual of Instructions for data collection Schedule Page 49
 Gross Cropped Area
Gross unirrigated area†+ Gross irrigated area†+ Total (Col.24+25)
24 25 26
Total:
The following calculations may be done for Col.24 and Col.25:
1. Col.24 = Col.14 + 2*Col.15 + Col.18 + 2*Col.21 + Col.22
2. Col.25 = Col.16 + Col.18 + 2*Col.19 + Col.21 + 2*Col.22 + 3*Col.23.
Note: †+Cols.24 and 25 will be filled-upon the basis of ‘Totals’ given in cols.14 to 23 after applying the above
mentioned formulae.

Input Survey 2022-23: Manual of Instructions for data collection Schedule Page 50
Input Survey 2022-23: Manual of Instructions for data collection Schedule Page 51

Block-K1: Area under irrigated crops and usage of chemical fertilizers, seeds, manures and pesticides during Agricultural Year 2022-23 (July 2022 –
June 2023).
Irrigated Crops
Crop: Crop: Crop: Total of Irrigated Crops
Sl.
Items (Code) (Code) (Code)
No.
HYV Hybrid Others HYV Hybrid Others HYV Hybrid Others HYV Hybrid Others
Code1 Code2 Code3 Code1 Code2 Code3 Code1 Code2 Code3 Code1 Code2 Code3
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
1. Area irrigated under crop
2. Seeds used – Quantity applied (kg)
3. Area treated with one or more chemical
fertilizers under crop
4. Particulars of area treated with different chemical fertilizers under crop
(a) Urea [02]
1. Area treated
2. Quantity (kg.)
(b) Calcium Ammonium Nitrate (CAN) [04]
1. Area treated
2. Quantity (kg.)
(c) Muriate of Potash (MOP) [11]
1. Area treated
2. Quantity (kg.)
(d) Super Phosphate (SP) [05,06]
1. Area treated
2. Quantity (kg.)
(e) Triple Superphosphate [07]
1. Area treated
2. Quantity (kg.)
(f) Di-Ammonium Phosphate (DAP) [13]
1. Area treated
2. Quantity (kg.)
(g) Zinc Sulphate [51]
1. Area treated
2. Quantity (kg.)
(h) Complex/Mixed [ ]
Input Survey 2022-23: Manual of Instructions for data collection Schedule Page 52

Irrigated Crops
Crop: Crop: Crop: Total of Irrigated Crops
Sl.
Items (Code) (Code) (Code)
No.
HYV Hybrid Others HYV Hybrid Others HYV Hybrid Others HYV Hybrid Others
Code1 Code2 Code3 Code1 Code2 Code3 Code1 Code2 Code3 Code1 Code2 Code3
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
1. Area treated
2. Quantity (kg.)
(i) Complex/Mixed [ ]

1. Area treated
2. Quantity (kg.)
(j) Complex/Mixed [ ]

1. Area treated
2. Quantity (kg.)
(k) Complex/Mixed [ ]

1. Area treated
2. Quantity (kg.)
5. Particulars of area treated with different organic manures under crop
a) Farm Yard Manure (FYM)/Compost/Bio-gas manure [80]
1. Area treated
2. Quantity (kg.)
b) Oil Cakes [81]
1. Area treated
2. Quantity (kg.)
c) Other organic manures [82]
1. Area treated
2. Quantity (kg.)
6. Area treated with Green Manure [87]
7. Bio-fertilizers
a) Area treated with Rhizobium [83]
b) Area treated with Azetobactor [84]
c) Area treated with Blue-green algae
[85]
Input Survey 2022-23: Manual of Instructions for data collection Schedule Page 53

Irrigated Crops
Crop: Crop: Crop: Total of Irrigated Crops
Sl.
Items (Code) (Code) (Code)
No.
HYV Hybrid Others HYV Hybrid Others HYV Hybrid Others HYV Hybrid Others
Code1 Code2 Code3 Code1 Code2 Code3 Code1 Code2 Code3 Code1 Code2 Code3
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
d) Area treated with Phosphate
Solubilizing Bacteria (PSB) [86]
e) Area treated with Azospirillum [88]
8. Area treated with Chemical Pesticides
[89]
9. Area treated with Bio-Pesticides [90]
10. Area treated with Gypsum
1. Net area under a crop <= net sown area.
2. Net irrigated area under a crop <= net irrigated area.
3. Area treated with one or more chemical fertilizers under a crop >= area treated with any specific chemical fertilizer under that crop.
4. Area treated with one or more chemical fertilizers under a crop ≤ area under that crop.
Input Survey 2022-23: Manual of Instructions for data collection Schedule Page 54

Block-K2: Area under unirrigated crops and usage of chemical fertilizers, seeds, manures and pesticides during Agricultural Year 2022-23 (July 2022
– June 2023).
Unirrigated Crops
Crop: Crop: Crop: Total of Unirrigated Crops
Sl.
Items (Code) (Code) (Code)
No.
HYV Hybrid Others HYV Hybrid Others HYV Hybrid Others HYV Hybrid Others
Code1 Code2 Code3 Code1 Code2 Code3 Code1 Code2 Code3 Code1 Code2 Code3
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
1. Area unirrigated under crop
2. Seeds used – Quantity applied (kg)
3. Area treated with one or more chemical
fertilizers under crop
4. Particulars of area treated with different chemical fertilizers under crop
(a) Urea [02]
3. Area treated
4. Quantity (kg.)
(b) Calcium Ammonium Nitrate (CAN) [04]
3. Area treated
4. Quantity (kg.)
(c) Muriate of Potash (MOP) [11]
3. Area treated
4. Quantity (kg.)
(d) Super Phosphate (SP) [05,06]
3. Area treated
4. Quantity (kg.)
(e) Triple Superphosphate [07]
3. Area treated
4. Quantity (kg.)
(f) Di-Ammonium Phosphate (DAP) [13]
3. Area treated
4. Quantity (kg.)
(g) Zinc Sulphate [51]
3. Area treated
4. Quantity (kg.)
(h) Complex/Mixed [ ]
Input Survey 2022-23: Manual of Instructions for data collection Schedule Page 55

Unirrigated Crops
Crop: Crop: Crop: Total of Unirrigated Crops
Sl.
Items (Code) (Code) (Code)
No.
HYV Hybrid Others HYV Hybrid Others HYV Hybrid Others HYV Hybrid Others
Code1 Code2 Code3 Code1 Code2 Code3 Code1 Code2 Code3 Code1 Code2 Code3
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
3. Area treated
4. Quantity (kg.)
(i) Complex/Mixed [ ]

3. Area treated
4. Quantity (kg.)
(j) Complex/Mixed [ ]

3. Area treated
4. Quantity (kg.)
(k) Complex/Mixed [ ]

1. Area treated
2. Quantity (kg.)
5. Particulars of area treated with different organic manures under crop
a) Farm Yard Manure (FYM)/Compost/Bio-gas manure [80]
1. Area treated
2. Quantity (kg.)
b) Oil Cakes [81]
1. Area treated
2. Quantity (kg.)
c) Other organic manures [82]
1. Area treated
2. Quantity (kg.)
6. Area treated with Green Manure [87]
7. Bio-fertilizers
a) Area treated with Rhizobium [83]
b) Area treated with Azetobactor [84]
c) Area treated with Blue-green algae
[85]
Input Survey 2022-23: Manual of Instructions for data collection Schedule Page 56

Unirrigated Crops
Crop: Crop: Crop: Total of Unirrigated Crops
Sl.
Items (Code) (Code) (Code)
No.
HYV Hybrid Others HYV Hybrid Others HYV Hybrid Others HYV Hybrid Others
Code1 Code2 Code3 Code1 Code2 Code3 Code1 Code2 Code3 Code1 Code2 Code3
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
d) Area treated with Phosphate
Solubilizing Bacteria (PSB) [86]
e) Area treated with Azospirillum [88]
8. Area treated with Chemical Pesticides
[89]
9. Area treated with Bio-Pesticides [90]
10. Area treated with Gypsum
1. Net area under a crop <= net sown area.
2. Net unirrigated area under a crop <= net unirrigated area.
3. Area treated with one or more chemical fertilizers under a crop >= area treated with any specific chemical fertilizer under that crop.
4. Area treated with one or more chemical fertilizers under a crop ≤ area under that crop.
 Annexure-IV
List of Crops and their Codes
SL. NO. CROP CODE CROPS
1. 9999 All Crops
2. 0101 All Paddy (Total Of 0111, 0121, 0131)
3. 0111 Pre Kharif Paddy
4. 0121 Summer Paddy
5. 0131 Kharif Paddy
6. 0102 Jowar
7. 0103 Bajra
8. 0104 Maize
9. 0105 Ragi
10. 0106 Wheat
11. 0107 Barley
12. 0108 Small Millets
13. 0109 Jobstears
14. 0110 Grim
15. 0186 Sawan
16. 0187 Ramdana
17. 0188 Other Cereals
18. 0199 Total Cereals
19. 0201 Gram
20. 0202 Tur (Arhar)
21. 0203 Urad
22. 0204 Moong
23. 0205 Masur
24. 0206 Horsegram
25. 0207 Beans (Pulses)
26. 0208 Peas (Pulses)
27. 0209 Moth
28. 0288 Other Pulses
29. 0299 Total Pulses
30. 0399 Total Foodgrains
31. 0401 Sugarcane
32. 0402 Palmvriah
33. 0488 Other Sugar Crops
34. 0499 Total Sugar Crops
35. 0501 Pepper (Black)
36. 0502 Chillies
37. 0503 Ginger
38. 0504 Turmeric

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 SL. NO. CROP CODE CROPS
39. 0505 Cardamom (Small)
40. 0506 Cardamom (Large)
41. 0507 Betelnuts (Arecanuts)
42. 0508 Garlic
43. 0509 Coriander
44. 0510 Tamarind
45. 0511 Cumin Seed
46. 0512 Fennel / Anise Seed
47. 0513 Nutmeg
48. 0514 Fenugreek
49. 0515 Cloves
50. 0516 Cinnamon
51. 0517 Cocoa
52. 0518 Kacholam
53. 0519 Beetlvine
54. 0520 Ajwain
55. 0521 Saffron
56. 0522 Bayleafs (Tejpatta)
57. 0588 Other Condi. & Spices
58. 0599 Total Spices & Condiments
59. 0601 Mangoes
60. 0602 Orange
61. 0603 Mosambi
62. 0604 Lemon / Acid Lime
63. 0605 Other Citrus Fruits
64. 0606 Banana
65. 0607 Table Grapes
66. 0608 Wine Grapes (Black)
67. 0609 Apple
68. 0610 Pear
69. 0611 Peaches
70. 0612 Plum
71. 0613 Kiwi Fruit
72. 0614 Chiku
73. 0615 Papaya
74. 0616 Guava
75. 0617 Almond
76. 0618 Walnut
77. 0619 Cashewnuts
78. 0620 Apricot
79. 0621 Jack Fruit

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 SL. NO. CROP CODE CROPS
80. 0622 Lichi
81. 0623 Pineapple
82. 0624 Watermelon
83. 0625 Musk Melon
84. 0626 Bread Fruits
85. 0627 Ber
86. 0628 Bel
87. 0629 Sahatoot
88. 0630 Aonla (Amla)
89. 0631 Pomegranate
90. 0632 Custard Apple
91. 0633 Passion
92. 0634 Remputan
93. 0635 Jamun
94. 0636 Plantain
95. 0637 Kinnoo
96. 0638 Strawberry
97. 0688 Other Fruits
98. 0699 Total Fruits
99. 0701 Potato
100. 0702 Tapioca (Cassava)
101. 0703 Sweet Potato
102. 0704 Yam
103. 0705 Elephant Foot Yam
104. 0706 Colocasia/Arum
105. 0707 Other Tuber Crop
106. 0708 Onion
107. 0709 Carrot
108. 0710 Radish
109. 0711 Beetroot
110. 0712 Turnip (Shalgam)
111. 0713 Tomato
112. 0714 Spinach
113. 0715 Amaranths (Chaulai)
114. 0716 Cabbage
115. 0717 Other Leafy Vegetable
116. 0718 Brinjal
117. 0719 Peas (Vegetable) (Green)
118. 0720 Lady’s Finger (Bhindi)
119. 0721 Cauliflower
120. 0722 Cucumber

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 SL. NO. CROP CODE CROPS
121. 0723 Bottle Gourd (Lauki)
122. 0724 Pumpkin
123. 0725 Bitter Gourd
124. 0726 Other Gourd
125. 0727 Vench (Guar)
126. 0728 Beans (Green)
127. 0729 Drumstick
128. 0730 Green Chillies
129. 0731 Ridge Gourd
130. 0732 Tinda
131. 0733 Snake Gourd
132. 0734 Koval (Little Gourd)
133. 0788 Other Vegetables
134. 0799 All Vegetables
135. 0899 Total Food Crops
136. 1001 Groundnut
137. 1002 Castorseed
138. 1003 Sesamum (Til)
139. 1004 Rapeseed & Mustard (Toria/ Taramira)
140. 1005 Linseed
141. 1006 Coconut
142. 1007 Sunflower
143. 1008 Safflower
144. 1009 Soyabean
145. 1010 Nigerseed
146. 1011 Oil Palm
147. 1088 Other Oilseeds
148. 1099 Total Oilseeds
149. 1101 Cotton
150. 1102 Jute
151. 1103 Mesta
152. 1104 Sunhemp
153. 1188 Other Fibres
154. 1199 Total Fibres
155. 1201 Indigo
156. 1288 Other Dyes & Tanning Materials
157. 1299 Total Dyes & Tanning Materials
158. 1301 Opium
159. 1302 Tobacco
160. 1388 Other Drugs & Narcotics
161. 1399 Total Drugs & Narcotics

Input Survey 2022-23: Manual of Instructions for data collection Schedule Page 60
 SL. NO. CROP CODE CROPS
162. 1401 Guar
163. 1402 Oats
164. 1403 Green Manures
165. 1488 Other Fodder Crops
166. 1499 Fodder & Green Manures
167. 1501 Tea
168. 1502 Coffee
169. 1503 Rubber
170. 1588 Other Plantation Crops
171. 1599 Total Plantation Crops
172. 1601 Orchids
173. 1602 Rose
174. 1603 Gladiolus
175. 1604 Carnation
176. 1605 Merigold
177. 1606 Jasmine
178. 1607 Chrysanthemum
179. 1608 Tuberose
180. 1609 Gerbera
181. 1610 Gaillardia
182. 1611 Anthurium (Flower)
183. 1688 Other Flowers
184. 1699 Total Floriculture Crops
185. 1701 Asgandh
186. 1702 Isabgol
187. 1703 Sena
188. 1704 Moosli
189. 1705 Other Medicinal Plant
190. 1706 Mehandi
191. 1707 Allovera
192. 1708 Bacopamonnieri
193. 1711 Lemon Grass
194. 1712 Mint
195. 1713 Menthol
196. 1714 Eucalyptus
197. 1715 Other Aromatic Plant
198. 1716 Sandalwood
199. 1717 Vanilla
200. 1799 Total Aromatic And Medicinal Plants
201. 1801 Canes
202. 1802 Bamboos

Input Survey 2022-23: Manual of Instructions for data collection Schedule Page 61
 SL. NO. CROP CODE CROPS
203. 1803 Mulberry Crop
204. 1804 Thespesia
205. 1805 Teak
206. 1806 Subabul
207. 1807 Casuarina tree
208. 1888 Other Non-Food Crops
209. 1899 Total Other Non-Food Crops
210. 1999 Total Non-Food Crops

Input Survey 2022-23: Manual of Instructions for data collection Schedule Page 62
 Annexure-V
List of Fertilizers and Pesticides
Sl. Nutrient Content
Description Code
No. N P K
1 2 3 4 5 6
A. Macro Nutrient
1 All Chemical Fertilizers 00 00.0 00.0 00.0
2 Ammonium Sulphate 01 20.6 00.0 00.0
3 Urea 02 46.0 00.0 00.0
4 Ammonium Chloride 03 25.0 00.0 00.0
5 Calcium Ammonium Nitrate 04 25.0 00.0 00.0
6 Single Super Phosphate 05 00.0 16.0 00.0
7 Single Super Phosphate 06 00.0 14.0 00.0
8 Triple Super Phosphate 07 00.0 46.0 00.0
9 Bone Meal (Raw) 08 00.0 20.0 00.0
10 Bone Meal (Steamed) 09 00.0 22.0 00.0
11 Rock Phosphate 10 00.0 18.0 00.0
12 Muriate of Potash 11 00.0 00.0 60.0
13 Potassium Sulphate 12 00.0 00.0 50.0
14 Diammonium Phosphate 13 18.0 46.0 00.0
15 Ammonium Phosphate Sulphate 14 16.0 20.0 00.0
16 Ammonium Phosphate Sulphate / Nitro Phosphate 15 20.0 20.0 00.0
17 Ammonium Phosphate Sulphate 16 18.0 9.0 00.0
18 Urea Ammonium Phosphate 17 28.0 28.0 00.0
19 Urea Ammonium Phosphate 18 24.0 24.0 00.0
20 Urea Ammonium Phosphate 19 20.0 20.0 00.0
21 Mono Ammonium Phosphate 20 00.0 52.0 00.0
22 Nitro Phosphate 21 23.0 23.0 00.0
23 Ammonium Nitrate Phosphate 22 23.0 23.0 00.0
24 Nitro Phosphate Potash 23 15.0 15.0 15.0
25 N P K Mixture 24 10.0 26.0 26.0
26 N P K Mixture 25 12.0 32.0 16.0
27 N P K Mixture 26 22.0 22.0 11.0
28 N P K Mixture 27 14.0 35.0 14.0
29 N P K Mixture 28 17.0 17.0 17.0
30 N P K Mixture 29 14.0 28.0 14.0
31 N P K Mixture 30 19.0 19.0 19.0
32 N P K Mixture 31 16.0 16.0 16.0
33 N P K Mixture 32 13.0 33.0 0.0
34 N P K Mixture 33 12.0 61.0 0.0
35 N P K Mixture 34 10.0 10.0 04.0
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 Sl. Nutrient Content
Description Code
No. N P K
1 2 3 4 5 6
36 N P K Mixture 35 10.0 10.0 10.0
B. Micro Nutrient
37 Zinc Sulphate Heptahydrate/Monohydrate 51 00.0 00.0 00.0
38 Manganese Sulphate 52 00.0 00.0 00.0
39 Sodium Tetraborate (Borax) 53 00.0 00.0 00.0
40 Solubor 54 00.0 00.0 00.0
41 Copper Sulphate 55 00.0 00.0 00.0
42 Ferrous Sulphate 56 00.0 00.0 00.0
43 Ammonium Molybdate 57 00.0 00.0 00.0
C. Organic Fertilizer/Manure
44 FYM 80 000 000 000
45 Oil Cakes 81 000 000 000
46 Other Organic Manures 82 000 000 000
D. Bio-fertilizers
47 Rhizobium 83 000 000 000
48 Azetobactor 84 000 000 000
49 Blue Green Algae 85 000 000 000
50 Phosphate Sublizing Bacteria (PSB) 86 000 000 000
51 Azospirillum 88 000 000 000
E. Green Manure
52 GREEN MANURE 87 000 000 000
F. Others
53 Gypsum 41 000 000 000
54 Chemical Pesticides 89 000 000 000
55 Bio-pesticides 90 000 000 000

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 Annexure-VI
Machinery & Implement and their Codes and descriptions
Sl.
Code Item/Definition Picture
No.
A. Manual Tools /Machines / Equipment
1. 101 Hand Seed Fertilizer Drill
This is a small manually
operated single row seed cum
fertilizer drill in which fluted
roller metering mechanism is
provided. A ground wheel is
provided to drive the metering
rollers. Seed and fertiliser are
stored in a small hopper and a
long beam is provided by which
the implement could be pulled by
one operator. Another worker
guides the machine.
2. 102 Winnowing Fan
This is a mechanical device for
generating winds for cleaning of
grains from chaff when natural
wind is not available. It consists
of a frame, 3-bladed fan, bicycle
pedal drive arrangement with
seat, pulley belt transmission
system and a grill partition.

3. 103 Hand Maize Sheller

The Octagonal Hand Maize
Sheller is a manually operated
simple device to remove maize
grains from the dehusked cobs.
The sheller consists of 4 mild
steel fins tapered along their
length, one edge of the fin is
taper. For operation, the sheller
is held in left hand and the
dehusked maize cob in right
hand (for right hand person). The
cob is inserted in the sheller and
is given forward and backward
twist or given clockwise and
anticlockwise strokes repeatedly.

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 Sl.
Code Item/Definition Picture
No.
4. 104 Chaff Cutter
Two persons operate the
machine, one feeds the forage or
grass in the feeding trough and
another rotates the flywheel with
handle. The material fed in the
hopper is gripped between the
feed rolls which pull it and the
material get chopped between
blades mounted on the flywheel
and stationary shear plate. Dry or
green fodder can easily be
chopped with the machine.
5. 105 Knapsack Sprayer
Knapsack sprayer consists of a
pump and a air chamber
permanently installed in a 9 to
22.5 liters tank. The handle of the
pump extending over the
shoulder or under the arm of
operator makes it possible to
pump with one hand and spray
with the other. Uniform pressure
can be maintained by keeping the
pump in continuous operation.
6. 106 Sugarcane Crusher
The vertical type sugarcane
crusher, consists of crushing
roller, king and extracting roller.
The crusher can be operated
either by a pair of bullocks or
electric motor/stationary engine
with gear drive. The crushing
roller has horizontal V -grooves
on its periphery that help in
crushing the sugarcane. The
other rollers have straight
grooved for extracting and
removing juice.
7 108 Others

B. Animal Drawn Implements

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 Sl.
Code Item/Definition Picture
No.
8. 201 Wooden Plough
This plough is suitable for
ploughing in wetlands for raising
rice crop using a pair of bullocks.
The depth of cut in black soil is
3.5 cm and the width is 100-130
mm. The shoe is made of single
casting with ribbed surface. The
pole shaft is made of babul or
vengai wood.
9. 202 Cultivator (Triphali)
The unit consists of reversible
tines, frame, handle and a
wooden beam. The working
width of the cultivator can be
adjusted by varying the spacing
between the tines or expanding
the frame. For operation the
implement is attached to a pair of
bullock by beam and moved in
the soil. The tines dig into the
soil and cut a small furrow slice.
10. 203 Seed Drill/Seed Cum Fertilizer
Drill
It is a standardized animal drawn
seed cum fertilizer drill which is
suitable for crops like wheat,
gram, sorghum, soybean, lentil,
pea, sunflower, safflower etc.
The shoe type furrow openers
with non clogging boot place the
seed at desired depth.

11. 204 Levelling Karah: The animal

drawn leveling Karah consists of
a heavy batten made of Sal wood
having 1500mm length and
100mm thickness on which a
Mild Steel angle frame is fixed
by means of screws. The frame
carries a bar to which curved and
pointed hooks are attached. It is
secondary tillage equipment for
clod crushing, stubble or trash
collection, levelling and
smoothing of land surface before
seeding.

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 Sl.
Code Item/Definition Picture
No.
12. 205 Seed Planter
Animal drawn 3-row inclined
plate planter is a multi-crop
planter for planting of bold and
small seeds. The planter consists
of a frame with tool bar, modular
seed boxes; furrow openers and
ground wheel. It has three
independent seed boxes with
inclined plate type seed metering
mechanism. Seed plates for
sowing different seeds can be
selected and easily changed.
13. 206 Animal Drawn Puddler
It is rectangular blade type
puddller suitable for puddling
operation under wetland
conditions. It has a wooden
frame on which bushes are
mounted. Shaft carrying the
blades fixed in a staggered
fashion rotates in the bushes. The
blades are fixed at an angle to the
direction of motion. The blades
on the implement rotate and
impart a lateral and turning
action on the soil particles, thus
achieving a good puddle.
14. 207 Others
C. Powered Equipments/Machines
15. 301 Power Sprayer
The motorized knapsack mist
blower has a small 2-stroke
petrol/ kerosene engine of 35 cc
to which a centrifugal fan is
connected. The centrifugal fan is
usually mounted vertically. The
fan produces a high velocity air
stream, which is diverted
through a 90-degree elbow to a
flexible (plastic) discharge hose,
which has a divergent outlet. The
spray tank that has also a
compartment for fuel and
engine-fan unit is mounted on a
common frame, which fits to the
back of operator.

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 Sl.
Code Item/Definition Picture
No.
16. 302 Power Tiller
The power tiller is powered with
a diesel engine. The engine
power is transmitted to ground
wheels through V –belt pulley. A
tail wheel is provided at the rear
to maintain the operating depth.
The rotary weeding attachment
does weeding.

17. 303 Agricultural Tractor

It is prime-mover used for
operating various agricultural
equipments/ machines.

18. 304 Tractor Drawn MB Plough

It is a tractor-operated implement
and consists of share point,
share, mouldboard, landslide,
frog, shank, frame and hitch
system. The working of the
plough is controlled by hydraulic
system lever and three-point
linkage.
19. 305 Tractor Drawn Disc Harrow
The tractor mounted disc harrow
consists of two gangs of discs
mounted one behind the other.
The discs on the front gang throw
soil outward and the rear gang
inward. Therefore, no soil
remains uncut by the offset disc
harrow.

20. 306 Tractor Drawn Seed Drill/Seed

Cum Fertilizer Drill
It consists of seed box, fertilizer
box, seed metering mechanism,
fertilizer metering mechanisms,
seed tubes, furrow openers, seed
rate adjusting lever and transport
cum power transmitting wheel.

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 Sl.
Code Item/Definition Picture
No.
21. 307 Tractor Drawn planter
It has a hopper, ground wheel
and seed metering mechanism,
which are mounted on a common
frame and hitched to the tractor
with the three point linkage. It
consists of modular frame,
individual hopper for each row
with seed and fertilizer chamber,
vertical roller metering
mechanism ground wheel etc. It
is suitable for planting
groundnut, soybean Bengal gram
etc.
22. 308 Tractor Drawn Leveller
It consists of hitch system,
replaceable cutting blade with
sharp edge, and a curved plate
with side wings, which form a
bucket. The blade is made from
medium carbon steel or low alloy
steel, hardened and tempered to
suitable hardness. During
operation, the blade digs into the
soil and extra soil is collected in
the bucket, which is released in
the depressions of the field. The
angle and pitch of leveller is
adjustable. The leveller can also
angled left or right, or reversed
for back filling.
23. 309 Tractor Drawn Potato Digger
The tractor pto operated potato
digger elevator consists of a
crescent/ convex/ triangular
shape-cutting blade, elevator
rollers generally made of iron
bars, power transmission device
and a tractor hitching system.
The crescent shape blade helps in
digging of the potatoes, which
are carried to the shaking
conveyor belt and finally
delivered at the rear of the
machine in windrows form

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 Sl.
Code Item/Definition Picture
No.
24. 310 Power Thresher
It consists of spike tooth
cylinder, aspirator type blower
and sieve shaker. Two top
covers, three concaves, three
sieves, variable cyc1inder speeds
are provided for threshing
different crops. It is suitable for
threshing wheat, maize,
sorghum, rice, gram, pigeon pea,
soybean, mustard, sunflower,
safflower and linseed crops.
25. 311 Power Chaff Cutter
The chaff cutter consists of a
trough, cutting blades, flywheel,
cover plate, feed rolls, shear
plate and stand. The blades are
made of high carbon steel or
alloy steel hardened and
tempered to suitable hardness.
The chaff cutter is powered by a
electric motor and power to the
flywheel is transmitted through
V belt and pulley

26. 312 Power Cane Crusher

The horizontal type sugarcane
crusher consist of crushing
rollers, roller axles, and set of
gears, side blades, trash blades
and gear guard. There are three
rollers, one for feeding and other
two for crushing. The rollers are
made of high-grade cast iron and
V -grooved in order to hold the
sugarcane. The rollers are held
between cast iron side plates and
mounted on heavy cast iron
frame. The rollers receive power
from motor or engine through a
set of gears. The machine is
operated by electric motor or
stationary engine

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 Sl.
Code Item/Definition Picture
No.
27. 313 Combine Harvester (Tractor
Powered)
Machine is used for harvesting
field crops and consists of
cutting unit, threshing unit,
cleaning and grain handling
units. The cutting section
includes reel, cutter bar, an auger
and a feeder conveyer. Threshing
section has threshing cylinder,
concave and cylinder beater. The
cleaning section mainly consists
of straw walker, chaffer sieve,
grain collection pan and blower.
It is powered by a tractor
28. 314 Combine Harvester (Self
Propelled)
Machine is used for harvesting
field crops and consists of
cutting unit, threshing unit,
cleaning and grain handling
units. The cutting section
includes reel, cutter bar, an auger
and a feeder conveyer. Threshing
section has threshing cylinder,
concave and cylinder beater. The
cleaning section mainly consists
of straw walker, chaffer sieve,
grain collection pan and blower.
It is powered by a diesel engine
mounted on it.
29. 315 Cultivator (Tractor drawn)
It consists of a rectangular frame
made of mild steel angle or
channel section, heavy-duty
tynes made of mild steel flat or
plate section, reversible shovels
joined to tynes with fasteners,
and hitch assembly.

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 Sl.
Code Item/Definition Picture
No.
30. 316 Rotavator
It consists of a steel frame, a
rotary shaft on which blades are
mounted, power transmission
system, and gearbox. The blades
are of L-type, made from
medium carbon steel or alloy
steel, hardened and tempered to
suitable hardness. The PTO of
tractor drives the rotavator.
Rotary motion of the PTO is
transmitted to the shaft carrying
the blades through gearbox and
transmission system. A good
seedbed and pulverization of the
soil is achieved in a single pass
of the rotavator.
31. 317 Cage Wheels Used for
Puddling
Mounted on the wheels of
tractors and used for puddling
operation

32. 318 Self Propelled Reaper

It is self propelled front mounted,
walk behind type reaper
windrower. The reaping
attachment consists of cutter bar,
two crop conveyor belts, crop
row dividers and star wheels.
The cutter bar and conveyor belts
are driven by engine through
belt-pulley and safety clutch. It is
suitable for harvesting and
windrowing of erect rice and
wheat crops.
33. 319 Power Maize Sheller
The machine consists of a
threshing cylinder, concave and
centrifugal blower mounted on a
frame. Crop feeding is manual.
The threshing cylinder is of spike
tooth type. Round bars are used
as spikes, which are fitted on
circular rings. The head comes
out through the opening at the far
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 Sl.
Code Item/Definition Picture
No.
end of threshing drum. A blower
is used for cleaning the grains.

34. 320 Groundnut Decorticator

Used for separating the kernels
from groundnut pods.

35. 321 Tractor Mounted Reaper

The machine is mounted in front
of the tractor and the power to the
machine is given from tractor
PTO with the help of
intermediate shaft running
beneath the chassis of the tractor
and a coupling shaft. Height of
the machine above ground is
controlled by tractor hydraulic
with the help of pulleys and steel
ropes. After the crop is cut by the
cutter bar, it is held in a vertical
position and delivered to one
side of the machine by lugged
belt conveyors and fall on the
ground in the form of a windrow
perpendicular to the direction of
movement of machine.
36. 322 Raised Bed Planter
The bed planter consists of a
frame, planting hoppers,
fertilizer box, furrow openers
bed shaper and power
transmitting wheel. The furrow
openers are ridger type and have
mouldboard and share point. The
machine makes two beds.
Machine can sow two or three
rows of wheat on each bed.
Machine has seed metering unit
of vertical disc type.

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 Sl.
Code Item/Definition Picture
No.
37. 323 Zero Till Seed Cum Fertilizer
Drill
No till drill consists of frame,
seed box, fertilizer box, seed
metering mechanism, fertilizer
metering mechanism, seed tubes,
furrow openers ,seed adjusting
lever and transport cum power
transmitting wheel. The main
difference between Zero-till drill
machine and conventional drill is
that it has narrow shovels known
as inverted T -type furrow
openers instead of tyne type
furrow openers. The main
advantage of narrow shovels is
lower draft requirement and
easier penetration in the soil.
38. 324 Strip Till Drill (Tractor
Drawn)
It consists of a standard seed drill
with a rotary attachment
mounted in the front. The rotary
system has C-type blades, which
prepare a 75 mm wide strip in the
front of every furrow opener.
Thus with every row, 125 mm of
the strip is left untilled and only
40 percent of area is tilled.
Tilling and
sowing is done simultaneously.
39. 325 Sugarcane Cutter Planter
(Tractor Drawn)
Machine consists of furrow
opening unit, sett cutting unit,
fertilizer application unit,
chemical application unit, sett
covering unit and seed box. For
the operation, two labourers
sitting on the machine feed
completes sugarcane one by one
into the sett cutting unit by
picking from the seed hopper.
The rotating blades cut the setts
automatically before dropping
into the furrows. Fertilizer and
chemicals are also applied
simultaneously a long with the
setts, before covering of furrows.
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 Sl.
Code Item/Definition Picture
No.
40. 326 Vegetable Transplanter
The machine consists of seedljng
tray, seat for the operator, furrow
opener, compaction wheels,
finger guide tunnel, picker wheel
type metering mechanism.
Picking forks has spring
mounted rubber flappers, which
open before passing through the
tunnel and close during its
passage. These flappers open
again at the bottom end of the
tunnel to release the seedlings in
a furrow. The inclined wheels
compact the soil around the
seedlings. Two persons one for
each row sitting on the machine
are required to place the
seedlings in the flappers when
these open at the top position.
The root side of the seedlings is
kept towards the operator.
41. 327 Aero Blast Sprayer
The machine consists of tank of
400 litres capacity, , pump, fan,
control valve, filling unit, spout
adjustable handle and spraying
nozzles to release the pesticide
solution in to stream of air blast
produced by the centrifugal
blower. The air blast distributes
chemical in the form of very fine
particles throughout its swath, II
which is on one side of tractor.
The major portion of swath is
taken care of by the main blast
through the main spout and the
auxiliary nozzles cover the swath
area near the tractor. The sprayer
is mounted on the tractor 3-point
linkage and is operated by tractor
pto.

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 Sl.
Code Item/Definition Picture
No.
42. 328 Power Weeder (Self Propelled)
The power from the engine is
transmitted with the help of belt
pulleys and chain- sprockets to
the rotary and ground wheels for
rotating the blades and
propelling the machine forward.
The clutch is also provided on
both sides for turning the
machine to right or left. The
rotary blades are the soil working
tool for weeding or seedbed
preparation.
43. 329 Pneumatic Planter
It consists of pneumatic metering
system for five independent
rows. Separate sets of seed plates
are required for planting
different sizes of seeds. It is
provided with compressor
for creating suction and pressure
heads for singulation of seeds
independently in the five
hoppers. (Apprx. Cost Rs.
80000/-)

44. 330 Self Propelled Rice

Transplanter
It consists of prime mover,
transmission, engine, float,
lugged wheels, seedling tray,
seedling tray shifter, pickup fork
and pickup fork cleaner. It is a
walk behind type rice
transplanter using mat type
nursery and it transplants the
seedling uniformly without
damaging them. The planting
depth and hill-to-hill spacing can
be adjusted. Automatic depth
control helps in maintaining
uniform planting depth.

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 Sl.
Code Item/Definition Picture
No.
45. 331 Straw Combine
Straw combine tractor mounted
and is tractor pto operated. It has
cutter bar reel, feeding auger and
bruising cylinder like a
traditional thresher. Straw
thrown and stubble left by the
grain combine is collected by
straw combine and delivered to
the cylinder concave section,
where it is cut into pieces and
passed through the concave.

46. 332 Tractor Drawn Disc Plough

The plough consists of common
mainframe, disc beam
assemblies, rockshaft, a heavy
spring loaded furrow wheel and
a gauge wheel. The discs of the
plough are made of high carbon
steel or alloy steel and the edges
are hardened and sharpened. The
discs are mounted on tapered
roller bearings.
47. 333 The laser land leveler consists
of a laser transmitter, a laser
receiver, an electrical control
panel, a twin solenoid hydraulic
control valve, two wheels and a
leveling bucket. The laser
transmitter transmits a laser
beam, which is intercepted by the
laser receiver mounted on the
leveling bucket. The control
panel mounted on the tractor
interprets the signal from the
receiver and opens or closes the
hydraulic control valve, which
raises or lowers the bucket. Some
laser transmitters have the ability
to operate over graded slopes
ranging from 0.01% to 15% and
apply dual controlled slope in the
field. The leveling bucket can be
either 3-point linkage mounted
or pulled by the tractor’s
drawbar. Bucket dimensions,
number of wheels and capacity
will vary according to the
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 Sl.
Code Item/Definition Picture
No.
available power source and field
conditions.
48. 334 Straw Baler: The tractor PTO
operated machine consists of reel
type straw pick up assembly, and
straw compaction and tying
units. It automatically picks up
the residue straw from field with
the help of reel which is
transferred into bale chamber
with the help of feeder and then
straw is compressed with the
reciprocating ram into a compact
variable length size. It also
automatically ties the knots using
metal wire or nylon rope.
49. 335 Reaper-Binder is a unique
harvesting machine that reaps the
crop as well as binds it
simultaneously with a twine.
This Innovative Mechanical
machine ensures 100% recovery
of straw with negligible grain
losses at a surprisingly low cost
of operation. This machine is
mainly used in Wheat, Paddy,
Oats, Barley and other grain
crops.
50. 336 Sugarcane Harvester: It is a
chopper harvester with a
cleaning system and whole cane
harvesters are also available. It
can cut one/two rows of cane at a
time. The cane is fed between
the crop dividers and is cut at
the root zone by base cutter
blades and simultaneously de-
topped from top. The cane is then
fed through the roller train and is
cut by the chopper drums into
small cane pieces of 24.5 to 30
cm.

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 Sl.
Code Item/Definition Picture
No.
51. 337 Tractor Mounted Post Hole
Digger- Used for digging pits
which are ideal for installing
fence posts, decks, planting trees
and shrubs, ice fishing, and
more.

52. 338 Happy Seeder: are specially

designed for sowing of wheat in
standing paddy stubbles after
combine harvesting. it saves
working time, fuel & irrigation
expenses.

53. 339 Tractor Mounted Spray

Pump: It is mounted on the
tractor three point linkage and is
powered by tractor PTO. It is
used for spraying pesticides and
fertilizer on the crops, in order to
protect it from the pest and
increase the fertility of the soil
respectively.

54. 340 Brush Cutter: It is equipped

with a Mini Petrol engine and
used as an Agricultural Grass
Cutting Machine, which is
widely used in Agriculture
Industry for cutting grass,
vegetable stems, etc. With little
modification it is also used for
cereal crop harvesting.

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 Sl.
Code Item/Definition Picture
No.
55. 341 Chain Saw: It is also called
power saw and is a light and
portable machine normally and
operated by one person. Cutting
is done by an endless chain fitted
with cutters, which runs around a
flat piece called the bar.

56. 342 Portable Augur Digger: It is

equipped with a Mini Petrol
engine. Used for digging pits
which are ideal for installing
fence posts, decks, planting trees
and shrubs, ice fishing, and
more.

57. 343 Hedge Trimmers; sometimes

also called hedge shears,
or hedge clippers used for
cutting hedge.. These are
designed as large scissors or
large pruning shears. Motorized
hedge trimmers allow work to be
done faster and with less effort.
58. 344 Diesel Engine Pumpset
The pump for water lifting is
coupled to a Diesel engine.

59. 345 Electric Pump Sets

The pump is driven by an electric
motor

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 Sl.
Code Item/Definition Picture
No.
60. 346 Sprinkler Irrigation Sets
Irrigation by sprinkler is nearest
to natural rainfall, where water is
sprayed into air in the form of
coarse droplets. The major
components of sprinkler system
are: (i) pump, which lifts the
water from source and sends it
under pressure in the system. (ii)
main lines, which may be
permanent or portable; portable
lines are usually made of
aluminum where as permanent
lines may be of steel, asbestos
cement or PVC. Main lines
receive water from pump and
discharge into laterals. (iii)
lateral lines, which are usually
made from aluminum and are
portable; however in some
orchards and nurseries
permanent laterals are buried,
(iv) riser pipes which are
attached to the laterals. The
height of the riser depends on the
height of the crop, (v) sprinkler
head, which convert the water
stream into coarse droplets and
also throw the droplets to a
distance, since the sprinkler head
rotates while in operation, a
circular pattern is achieved.
61. 347 Drip Irrigation Set
Also known as trickle irrigation;
it is one of the efficient ways of
applying irrigation water to the
horticultural crops. The water
can be applied on the surface or
sub surface, very near to the root
zone of the plant. The system
consists of main line, sub lines,
supply lines, laterals and
emitters. The water is discharged
either through emitters or micro-
tubes. The pipe lines are made
from black PVC to avoid growth
of algae in the lines. Besides
above, the system has a
centrifugal pump, fertilizer tank
and filtration tank.
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 Sl.
Code Item/Definition Picture
No.
62. 348 Solar Pumping Sets
A solar water pump has a mini
power house at its heart and
consists of a calibrated and
matching solar array of modules
– tuned with the equivalent
power of pump. Each solar array
has a number of solar modules
connected in parallel or series.
Every solar PV panel generates
current by converting solar
radiation to electrical energy.
The electrical energy from the
entire array is controlled, tuned
and directed by the inbuilt
controller in DC pumps or
through the Variable Frequency
Driver (VFD) and enables the
connected pump to draw water
and feed the delivery pipelines.
63. 349 Drone Technology

64. 350 Tractor operated Check Basin

Former

65. 351 Tractor operated Sugarcane

Seedling Transplanter (Two
rows)

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 Sl.
Code Item/Definition Picture
No.
66. 352 Tractor operated inter row-cum-
intra row weeder for Orchards

67. 353 Tractor operated Horizontal

Two side Discharge Shredder
for Orchards

68. 354 Tractor operated Hydro-

Mechanically controlled Offset
Orchard Manager

69. 355 Tractor operated Manure

Spreader for Orchards

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 Sl.
Code Item/Definition Picture
No.
70. 356 Tractor operated Two Row
forward-reverse Rotavator for
Sugarcane crop

71. 357 Tractor operated Banana Stem

Shredder

72. 358 Tractor operated Sugarcane Leaf

Shredder

73. 359 Tractor drawn Super Seeder

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 Sl.
Code Item/Definition Picture
No.
74. 360 Tractor Operated Smart Seeder

75. 361 Hey Rack

76. 362 Super SMS

77. 363 Tractor drawn crust breaker /

weed Slasher

78. 364 Tractor drawn Ridger/Furrow

Opener

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 Sl.
Code Item/Definition Picture
No.
79. 365 Tractor drawn Bund Former

80. 366 Self-propelled Combine Maize

Harvester

81. 367 Others

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 Annexure-VII

Concepts and Definitions

1. Operational Holding
1.1 Operational holding is defined as ‘all land which is used wholly or partly for
agricultural production and is operated as one technical unit by one person alone
or with others, without regard to the title, legal form, size or location’. The technical
unit has been defined as ‘that unit which is under the same management and has the
same means of production such as labour force, machinery and animals’. It would
be seen from this definition that the actual cultivator and not the owner is the unit
for collection of data.
1.2 An operational holding would include both cultivated and uncultivated area.
If, for example, an operational holding consists of four survey numbers out of which
one survey number is put to non-agricultural uses, the total area of the operational
holding would be equal to the total geographical area of the four survey numbers.
The holding will exclude Government Forest land, Government waste land and
village common grazing land. If Government waste land is allotted to an individual
then it will be included in the holding.
1.3 If all the survey numbers of an operational holding are put to non-agricultural
uses, then it would not be considered as an operational holding for the purpose of
Agriculture Census as also for Input Survey. Besides, ‘Abadi Area’ (Residential
Area) is completely excluded from the total area of the holding.
1.4 If, during the reference year, the entire area of the operational holding is under
current fallow, this will still be considered as an operational holding for Agriculture
Census, but as no information can be gathered in Input Survey from such holding,
these holdings will not be included in the sampling frame for collecting information
in Input Survey. Nevertheless, these holdings will be included for preparation of
multiplier tables in their respective size classes. If the entire area of the holding is
under current fallow and was fallow during the previous year of the current year
(year of reference) also, it will also not be considered as an operational holding for
Input Survey.
1.5 In some cases, land is divided amongst all the members of the family. Where
it is divided among husband, wife and minor children and cultivation is being done
by the husband as head of the family, the land may appropriately be treated as one
operational holding.
1.6 There might be cases where in the record, a holding is shown jointly in the
names of more than one co-sharer while in practice the land might have been
privately divided and the co-sharers are independently cultivating. In such cases
where there is no dispute these should be treated as many operational holdings as
are the number of independent cultivators.
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1.7 In some States, in the zamabandhi register against a Khata, names of three or
four persons are shown. While from the records it would appear that there is only
one holding, but in practice, all the three or four brothers are actually cultivating the
land independently of each other although there is no legal partition of land. From
the census point of view, this would constitute three or four operational holdings
and thus these would be separately listed in the Sampling Frame for Input Survey.
1.8 For cultivated areas in the State Forests, no detailed land records are prepared.
In the absence of the land records and revenue agency such areas are excluded for
census purposes and thus will not be included in Input Survey also.
2. Parcel
2.1 A parcel is all land entirely surrounded by land of other holdings or by land
not forming part of any holding. It may consist of one or more cadastral units, plots
or fields.
3. Holder or the Operator
3.1 The holder, for census purposes, is the person who has the responsibility for
the operation of the agricultural holding. He exercises the technical initiative and
responsibility for the operation of the holding and may have full economic
responsibility (i.e. as owner) for it or share this with others (as a tenant). When two
or more persons share jointly (as partners) in the economic and technical
responsibility for the operation of an agricultural holding, each is to be considered
as the holder if they belong to different households and the holding will be termed
as joint holding. For Input Survey any one of these could be taken as operational
holder and be approached for giving response to questionnaire.
4. Total Area of the Holding
4.1 The total area of the holding should include the total of all land forming part
of a unit which is under the same technical responsibility and management. It should
also comprise the land occupied by the farm buildings, including the house of the
holder, provided such buildings are within the cultivated area. If the farm buildings
are located outside cultivated area and are covered under Abadi Area, then such
buildings will not be included in the area of the holding.
5. Agricultural Production
5.1 For the purpose of Input Survey, Agricultural Production would mean the
growing of field crops, fruits, grapes, nuts, seeds, tree nurseries (except those of
forest trees), bulbs, vegetables and flowers, production of coffee, tea, cocoa, rubber,
jute, oilseeds, fodder, grasses, etc.
5.2 In place where special efforts are made to raise grass, it would be treated as a
crop for the purpose of the survey.

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6. Land Utilisation
6.1 Usually for land records, a nine-fold classification of land use is followed by
the State Governments. For the purpose of Input Survey and Agriculture Census,
this has been abridged to only three categories comprising of uncultivated area, area
under current fallow and net sown area. The most of the questions in Schedule 2.1
are focused on obtaining details of what is happening on net sown area. These details
relate to knowing the cropping intensity under irrigated and unirrigated conditions.
These concepts are explained below:
Net Area Sown
6.2 This would represent the total cultivated area during the reference year
without any regard to number of times it has been cultivated in an year. Thus for
finding the net sown area, the areas cultivated more than once during the same year
will be counted only once. Both field crops and orchards will form part of the net
sown area.
Area under Current Fallow
6.3 This would include all the areas which are usually cropped but have not been
cultivated during the reference year. For an area to be classified as current fallow,
it should be fallow during the current year and should have been cultivated during
the previous year. If entire area of a holding is not being cultivated for the last two
years including year of reference, such holdings will not be considered for
Agriculture Census/Input Survey.
Uncultivated Area
6.4 This would include the following seven categories :-
i) Fallow land other than current fallow: This should include all lands
which were taken up for cultivation but are temporarily out of cultivation for
a period of greater than one year and not more than five years, i.e. less than
or equal to five years. The reason for keeping lands fallow may be one or
more of the following:-
a) Poverty of cultivators’
b) Inadequate supply of water;
c) Adverse climatic conditions;
d) Silting of canals and rivers; and
e) Unremunerative nature of farming
ii) Culturable waste: This should include lands available for cultivation,
whether or not taken up for cultivation at any time. These are lands which
were not cultivated during the current year and the last five years or more in
succession for one reason or the other, i.e. > 5 years in succession. Such lands
may be either fallow or covered with shrubs and jungles which are not put to
any use. Land once cultivated but not cultivated afterwards for five years in
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 succession should also be included in this category at the end of the five years.
Culturable waste land within the holdings would alone be covered for the
Input Survey.
iii) Permanent pastures and other grazing land: This should include all
grazing lands, whether they are permanent pastures and meadows or not.
Village common grazing land shall be excluded for the purpose of Census.
iv) Land under miscellaneous tree crops: This would include cultivable
land, which is not included in the net area sown but are put to some
Agricultural use. Lands under Casuarine trees, thatching grasses, bamboo
bushes and ‘Orchards’ should be classed under this category. Lands of this
type outside the holdings will not be included.
v) Forests: This should include all lands classified as ‘Forests’ under any
legal enactment dealing with forests or administered as forests, whether State
owned or private, and whether wooded or maintained as potential forest land.
The area of crops raised in the forest and grazing lands or areas open for
grazing within the forests should remain included under the forest area. Only
private forests belonging to the operational holder would be covered for
the purpose of Agriculture Census and Input Survey.
vi) Area under non-agricultural use: This should include all lands
occupied by buildings, tanks and ponds put to uses other than agricultural
purpose within the holdings. Only such lands within the cultivated holding of
the operational holder should be covered in Input Survey / Census.
vii) Barren and uncultivated land: This should include all barren and
uncultivated land within cultivated holding of the operational holder.

7. Integrated Pest Management

7.1 Traditionally there have been a number of practices which have been adopted
by farmers as plant protection measures. These practices could be categorized in
four groups, viz., agronomic and cultural control, mechanical control, biological
control and chemical control. Usually, a specific approach keeping in view crop
variety and agro-climatic conditions is adopted by the farmer for protection of his
crops against insects and pests. The approach may be a combination of methods
falling in one or more of the above four categories. For best results the experts advise
a judicious combination of these approaches and label it as Integrated Pest
Management (IPM). The components of IPM program are outline below:
Agronomic and Cultural Practices including Crop Rotations
7.1.1 This is a preventive method and is based upon knowledge of life history and
habits of pest. The practices covered in this category include: deep ploughing after
harvesting a crop to expose the hiding or resting insects, weeding, removing and
destroying of stubbles and other trash, adjusting the time of sowing to avoid peak
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incidence period of pests, clean cultivation, the removal of alternative wild hosts,
crop rotations and choosing of insect and disease resistant varieties.
Physical and Mechanical Control
7.1.2 This is one of the oldest methods and includes measures, such as collection
of eggs and caterpillars (in active stages of pests); removal and destruction of
infected part of the plant, beating of drums, laying of night traps and yellow traps.
These methods are found effective at initial stage of the pest incidence when
practiced by a large number of farmers in a particular area.
Biological Control
7.1.3 Most of the crops have their natural enemies in the form of parasites and
predators and disease causing organism. Large scale multiplication and liberation of
such other agents, which naturally occur in environment but are enemies of crops
(friends of crops) results in effective control of the harmful organisms. These
methods are often applied by specialized agencies in conjunction with chemical
methods so that harmful effects of insecticide do not interfere with the activities of
nature based enemies of pests.
Chemical Control
7.1.4 This method relates to use of insecticides, pesticides and weedicides, which
are used as dusts, sprays and granules on the crops. Because of their nature of
producing immediate results such chemicals are most popular among the farmers.
Serious limitations, particularly those relating to residues on crops and destruction
of useful insects, have been noted in recent years in usage of these chemicals.
8. Chemical Fertilizers, Organic Manure, Green Manure and Bio-
Fertilizers
8.1 Package of practices followed for replenishing the nutrient losses from the
soil as a result of cultivation to maintain the fertility of the soil involves use of
organic manure, green manure, chemical fertilizers and bio-fertilizers. It is
important that the Investigator understands the difference between these very clearly
before interviewing for schedule 2.21 & 2.2.2. These are explained below:

Chemical Fertilizers
8.1.1 The chemical fertilizers refers to chemical compounds which are
manufactured in factories and are used as soil nutrients. These are further classified
as “macro nutrients” which supply nitrogen (N), phosphate (P) and Potash (K) and
“micro nutrient” fertilizers which supply Zinc, Manganese, Copper, Iron,
Aluminium etc. The popular macro nutrient fertilizers are Urea, DAP, MOP, CAN
and a number of complex fertilizers and the physical mixtures of these. A specified

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list of the chemicals is given at Annexure-V. Micro-nutrient fertilizers to be covered
in Input Survey are also listed in this Annexure.
Organic Manure
8.1.2 The Organic Manure is usually not manufactured in chemical factories and
is produced by the farmers in their fields using various types of agricultural wastes.
Sometimes these are also prepared using the sewage silt or municipal waste in urban
areas. The organic manure is usually bulky material and is transported in trolleys.
The types of manures covered in this would be Farm Yard Manure (FYM), which
is prepared by putting agricultural wastes in a pit for decomposition and composting.
This would also include the Vermi Compost. The various forms of oil cakes which
are used as fertilizers would also fall in this category. Earth-worm forms part of
other organic manure.
Bio-fertilizers
8.1.3 Bio-fertilizers are sold in small packets and require storage at specified
temperature. These carry some living bacteria on organic base. The examples of bio-
fertilizers are Rhizobium, Azetobactor, Blue-green Algae and Phosphate
Solubilizing Bacteria (PSB). When bio-fertilizers are put in the soil, the bacteria
contained in the fertilizer packet are spread in the soil and start their activity, e.g.,
fixing the nitrogen from air to soil. Hence, bio-fertilizers are not soil nutrients in
themselves, rather they act as catalysts/direct agents for making the soil nutrients
available. These type of fertilizers are not very common among farmers and only
some progressive farmers use them. Also because of their storage requirements
these are not available everywhere.
Green Manure
8.1.4 Green manure refers to cultivation of a specific type of vegetation with the
intention of ploughing it back in the soil when the leaves are tender and easily
decomposable. The popular types of green manure used by the farmers include
Sesbania (Dhencha), Sunhemp (Sanai), Indigo, Urd and Cowpea. There is also a
practice of ploughing back the leafy portion of leguminous crops in the field after
first or second picking for the purpose of green manuring. All such cases will be
counted for the purpose of obtaining area under green manure.
9. Soil Health
9.1 For assessing the soil health status, State Governments have established
testing laboratories in their respective State for testing the PH value, i.e. N
(Nitrogen), P (Phosphorus) and K (Potash) values of the soil samples collected from
the farmers’ fields on nominal charges. Farmers are accordingly, advised by the
Agriculture Departments of the State Governments to increase the fertility of the
soil by using specific fertilizers and chemicals depending upon the PH values.

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Besides it, soil samples are also tested at IARI, Pusa, New Delhi for the farmers who
take the samples at IARI Lab, Delhi.
10. Seeds
Classes of Quality Seed
10.1 The various classes of seed that are used in a seed production programme are:
(1) breeder seed, (2) foundation seed, (3) registered seed, and (4) certified seed.
These classes of seeds were first clearly defined by the International Crop
Improvement Association in 1946 in relation with fodder and forage crops; in 1968
it recommended the adoption of the same system in the case of grain crops as well.
These different classes of seed have different requirements and serve different
functions, a brief description of which is given below.
10.2 Breeder Seed: Breeder seed is the seed or the vegetative propagating material
produced by the breeder who developed the particular variety. It is produced by the
institution where the variety was developed in case the breeder who developed the
variety is not available. In India, Breeder seed is also produced by other Agriculture
Universities under the direct supervision of the breeder of the concerned crop
working in that University; this arrangement is made in view of the large quantities
of the breeder seed required every year. Breeder seed is used to produce the
foundation seed.
10.3 Breeder seed is genetically pure. In case of self-pollinated species, mass
selection is regularly practiced to maintain the genetic purity of the variety. Off-type
plants are promptly eliminated and care is taken to prevent outcrossing or natural
hybridization and mechanical mixtures.
10.4 Foundation Seed: foundation seed is obtained from breeder seed by direct
increase. Foundation seed is genetically pure and is the source of registered and/or
certified seed. Production of foundation seed is the responsibility of NSC.
Foundation seed is produced on Government farms, at experiment stations, by
Agriculture Universities or by competent seed growers under strict supervision of
experts from NSC. This class of seed should be produced in the area of adaptation
of the concerned variety.

10.5 Registered Seed: Registered seed is produced from foundation seed or from
registered seed. Registered seed is genetically pure and is used to produce certified
seed or registered seed. It is usually produced by progressive farmers according to
technical advice and supervision provided by NSC. Often registered seed is omitted
and certified seed is produced directly from foundation seed; this is the general
practice in India.

10.6 Certified Seed: Certified seed is produced from foundation, registered or

certified seed. This is so known because it is certified by a seed certification agency,
in this case State Seed Certification Agency, to be suitable for raising a good crop.
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The certified seed is annually produced by progressive farmers according to
standard seed production practices. To be certified, the seed must meet the
prescribed requirements regarding purity and quality. Certified seed is available for
general described to farmers for commercial crop production. Its production is
generally by State Seeds Corporations, but NSC also undertakes the supervision of
certified seed production, if required. The production of breeder and foundation
seeds is very costly since a very high standard of purity must be maintained. The
requirements for certified seeds are relatively less rigid than those for foundation
seed, and hence it is considerably cheaper.
Requirements for Certified Seed
10.7 Seed has to meet certain regid requirements before it can be certified for
distribution. The first and foremost requirement is that the seed must be of an
improved variety released by either the Central or a State Variety Release
Committee for general cultivation and notified by the Ministry of Agriculture and
Farmers Welfare, Government of India; this is essential for the seed to be certified.
The other requirements are related to genetic purity, freedom from weeds, diseases
and pests, germination etc. It may be noted that there is considerable variation in the
requirements for certification in various crops. In certain cases, e.g., maize, the
requirements are more rigid than in the others.
High-Yield Crops
10.8 High-yield agricultural crops are those that have been bred, genetically
modified, or fertilized to increase their production yields. The health and well-being
of the world’s growing population are largely dependent on the ability of the
agricultural industry to raise high yielding food and fiber crops. No one knows for
certain when the first crops were cultivated. At some time in the past, people
discovered that seeds from certain wild grasses could be collected and later planted
where they could be controlled during the growing process and eventually harvested
for food.
Hybrid Seed
10.9 In agriculture and gardening, hybrid seed is seed produced by cross-pollinated
plants. Hybrid seed production is predominant in agriculture and home gardening.
It is one of the main contributors to the dramatic rise in agricultural output during
the last half of the 20th century. The alternatives to hybridization are open pollination
and clonal propagation.
10.10 All of the hybrid seeds planted by the farmer will produce similar plants while
the seeds of the next generation from those hybrids will not consistently have the
desired characteristics. Controlled hybrids provide very uniform characteristics
because they are produced by crossing two inbred strains. Elite inbred strains are
used that express well-documented and consistent phenotypes (such as high crop
yield) that are relatively good for inbred plants.

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10.11 Hybrids are chosen to improve the characteristics of the resulting plants, such
as better yield, greater uniformity, improved color, disease resistance. An important
factor is the heterosis or combining ability of the parent plants. Crossing any
particular pair of inbred strains may or may not result in superior offspring. The
parent strains used are therefore carefully chosen so as to achieve the uniformity
that comes from the uniformity of the parents, and the superior performance that
comes from heterosis.
11. Cropwise Area (Irrigated and Unirrigated)
11.1 The classification system for crops has been used for coding system of them
for the purpose of Agriculture Census and Input Survey, which can be seen at
Annexure-IV.

*****

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