Computer Science

Level #3

Chapter #3
Part #2

Database
2020
 SQL Join

 Join: used to query data from two or more tables.

 Types:
1) Inner join (natural join)
2) Left join
3) Right join
4) Full join
 Examples:
Employees Table
Emp_id FirstName LastName City
1 Ahmed Salim Mans
2 Asmaa Metwally Cairo
3 Amer Adel Tanta

Salaries Table
S_id Salary Phone Emp_id
1 2000 111111 3
2 3500 222222 3
3 4000 333333 1
4 1500 444444 1
5 3200 555555 7

 INNER JOIN
 SELECT E.FirstName, E.LastName, S.Salary, S.phone
FROM Employees AS E
INNER JOIN Salaries AS S
ON E.Emp_id= S. Emp_id
 The result:
FirstName LastName Salary phone
Ahmed Mamdouh 4000 333333
Ahmed Mamdouh 1500 444444
Amer Adel 2000 111111
Amer Adel 3500 222222

1 DataBase 2020
 LEFT JOIN
 SELECT E.FirstName, E.LastName, S.Salary, S.phone
FROM Employees E
LEFT JOIN Salaries S
ON E. Emp_id = S. Emp_id
 The result:
FirstName LastName Salary phone
Ahmed Mamdouh 4000 333333
Ahmed Mamdouh 1500 444444
Asmaa Metwally
Aliaa Adel 2000 111111
Aliaa Adel 3500 222222

 RIGHT join
 SELECT E.FirstName, E.LastName, S.Salary, S.phone AS HisNumber
FROM Employees E
RIGHT JOIN Salaries S
ON E.Emp_id= S. Emp_id
 The result:
FirstName LastName Salary phone
Ahmed Mamdouh 4000 333333
Ahmed Mamdouh 1500 444444
Amer Adel 2000 111111
Amer Adel 3500 222222
3200 555555

 FULL join
 SELECT E.FirstName, E.LastName, S.Salary, S.phone
FROM Employees E
FULL JOIN Salaries S
ON E. Emp_id = S. Emp_id
FirstName LastName Salary phone
Ahmed Mamdouh 4000 333333
Ahmed Mamdouh 1500 444444
Asmaa Metwally
Amer Adel 2000 111111
Amer Adel 3500 222222
3200 555555

2 DataBase 2020
Using next table:
EmpID FirstName LastName city
1 Ahmed Mamdouh Mans
2 Mohy Ali Cairo
3 Aya Adel Tanta
4 Mohamed Hamed
5 Khaled Elgohary Mans

1) Find the names of all Employees whose city from Cairo or Mans.
SELECT FirstName, LastName FROM Emp
WHERE city='Cairo' OR city='Mans'
2) Find all Employee whose FirstName is 'Ahmed' OR 'Aya' and LastName is 'Ali'
SELECT * FROM Emp
WHERE (FirstName='Ahmed' OR FirstName='Aya')
AND LastName='Ali'
3) Find the names of Employees whose id are 1 or 2 or 3 or 5
SELECT FirstName, LastName
FROM Emp
WHERE id IN (1, 2, 3,5)
4) Find all Employee whose id in range from 2 to 5
SELECT * FROM Emp
WHERE id BETWEEN 2 AND 5
5) Find all Employee whose id not in range from 2 to 5
SELECT * FROM Emp
WHERE id NOT BETWEEN 2 AND 5
6) Find all Employee whose FirstName begin with a
SELECT * FROM Emp
WHERE FirstName LIKE 'a%'

3 DataBase 2020
 7) Find all Employee whose FirstName end with a
SELECT * FROM Emp
WHERE FirstName LIKE '%a'
8) Find all Employee whose FirstName contain h
SELECT * FROM Emp
WHERE FirstName LIKE '%h%'
9) Find all Employee whose FirstName begin with a and end with e
SELECT * FROM Emp
WHERE FirstName LIKE 'a%e'
10) Find all Employee whose third character in FirstName is a
SELECT * FROM Emp
WHERE FirstName LIKE '_ _a%'
11) Find all Employee whose FirstName net begin with a
SELECT * FROM Emp
WHERE FirstName NOT LIKE 'a%'
12) Find all Employee whose city is Null
SELECT * FROM Emp
WHERE city IS null

► Note:

 '\' causes escape (e.g. like '100 \%')

 '_ _ _' matches any string of exactly three characters.
 '_ _ _ %' matches any string of at least three characters.
 Select all values from table1 where the FirstName exist in table2.
SELECT * FROM table1_name
WHERE FirstName IN (SELECT * FROM table2_name)

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4 DataBase 2020
 ORDER BY
 Used to sort result set by specific column.
 Sort the records ascending.
 If we want to sort the records in descending we can use the DESC keyword.
 SELECT FirstName, age FROM Emp
ORDER BY FirstName
 SELECT FirstName, age FROM Emp
ORDER BY FirstName, LastName
 SELECT FirstName, age FROM Emp
ORDER BY FirstName DESC
 SELECT FirstName, age FROM Emp
ORDER BY FirstName DESC, LastName ASC

5 DataBase 2020