Gurubaran Chem Project.

TABLE OF CONTENTS
S.NO TOPIC
1 AIM OF PROJECT
2 OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT REPORT
3 INTRODUCTION
4 APPARATUS REQUIRED
5 PROCEDURE
6 OBSERVATION
7 CONCLUSION
8 PRECAUTION
9 BIBLIOGRAPHY
AIM OF PROJECT
AIM:
“To study the digestion of Starch by salivary amylase and
effect of temperature and pH on it.”
OBECTIVE OF THE PROJECT:
The main objective of this chemistry project report is “To

study the digestion of starch by salivary amylase and effect of
temperature and pH on it.
1. To study the digestion of starch by saliva.
2. To study the effect of temperature on the digestion of starch
by saliva.
3. To study the effect of pH on the salivary digestion of starch.
INTRODUCTION
Every health book insists on the chewing of food. The act of

chewing stimulates the excretion of saliva. Saliva mixes up
with the food and helps its digestion. That is, the enzyme
ptyalin or amylase present in human saliva hydrolyzes the big
molecules of food into many molecules.
For example, starch into mono-saccnaricies maltose and
glucose; proteins into amino acids and fats into fatty acids and
glycerol.
Thus saliva not only helps in digestion of food but also
convert into energy generating substances. Further, enzyme
and their activity are very sensitive to temperature and pH.
Even a slight variation in these two factors, can disturb the
action of enzymes. In other words, digestion of food by
salivary amylase is also effected by temperature and pH and
can be verified experimentally.
For example, hydrolysis of starch can be verified by testing it
with iodine solution. Starch forms blue coloured complex
with iodine. If no starch is present in a system it will not give
blue colour with iodine.
APPARATUS REQUIRED
The requirements for experiment of chemistry project report

Are as follow:
1. Test tubes
2. Test tube stand
3. One dropper
4. Beaker
5. Stop watch
6. Starch
7. Iodine solution
8. Thermometer
9. Dilute HCl solution
10.Dilute NaOH solution
EXPERIMENT 1
AIM:
To study the digestion of starch by saliva.
PROCEDURE FOR CHEMISTRY EXPERIMENT 1:
1. Collection of Saliva: Rinse mouth thoroughly with cold

water and ensure that it does not contain any food particles.
Now take about 250ml of lukewarm water in the mouth and
keep for about three minutes so that saliva mixes up well with
it. Spit this into a beaker. Filter, if there is any suspended
impurity clear filtrate is saliva solution and contains enzyme
ptylin.
2. Preparation of starch solution: Take about 0.5g of starch in
100ml beaker and add enough water to make a paste. Dilute
the paste by adding 50ml water and boil for about 5 minutes.
3. Digestion of starch:
a. Take 5ml of the starch solution in a test tube. Add 2ml of
saliva solution into it. Mix the solution well by shaking the
tube carefully and start a step watch.
b. After one minute, take out two drops of the mixture
solution from the test tube with the help of dropper and
transfer it into another test tube containing about 1ml of 1%
iodine solution. Note the colour produced, if any.
c. Repeat this test after every one minute taking two drops
of the mixture solution and fresh 1% iodine solution
continue until the test shows no blue colour.
d. Record the time and blue colour intensity.
OBSERVATION
Absence of blue colour on addition to iodine solution means

absence of starch in the mixture solution. That is whole of the
starch has got digested or hydrolysed.
CONCLUSION
Starch gets hydrolysed by salivary amylase

EXPERIMENT 2
AIM:
To study the effect of temperature on the digestion of starch
by saliva.
1. Take three test tubes and label these 1,2, and 3.

2. Take 5ml of the starch solution, 2ml of the saliva solution
and 5ml of water in each test tube. And shake the test tubes
carefully.
3. Place test tube number 1 in water at room temperature, test
tube number 2 in a beaker containing water at 50°C and test
tube number 3 in boiling water.
4. After 5 minutes, observe the colour change on mixing two
drops of the mixture of every tube with one ml of 1% iodine
solution. Note the intensity of blue coloured form.
OBSERVATION
CONCLUSION
Temperature affects the digestion of starch by saliva.

EXPERIMENT 3
AIM:
To study the effect of pH on the salivary digestion of starch.
1. Take three test tubes and label these 1,2, and 3.

2. Add 5ml of the starch solution, 2ml of the saliva solution in
each test tube.
3. Now as 2ml of water in test tube number 1 2ml of Dilute
HCl in test tube number 2 and 2ml of Dilute NaOH solution in
test tube number 3 and shake carefully.
4. Keep the three test tubes in water at room temperature for
about 10 minutes.
5. Add 2 drops of the solution of each test tube with 1% iodine
solution and observe the colour change.
OBSERVATION
CONCLUSION
Hydrolysis of starch by the enzyme does not take place in the

acidic or alkaline medium.
PRECAUTION
1. All apparatus should be clean and washed properly.

2. Add equal drops of iodine in all the samples while testing
for starch.
3. Temperature variation affects enzyme activity, so take the
readings at a constant temperature for all the samples.
4. Delay in sampling or the reaction time may affect the result.
So, iodine drops must be added at fixed intervals in all
samples.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. Wikipedia-the free encyclopedia

2. http://www.google.com/
3. http://en.wikipedia.org
4. www.icbse.com
5. Comprehensive Chemistry
6. Chemistry NCERT Class XIIth.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

2 OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT REPORT

OBECTIVE OF THE PROJECT:

The main objective of this chemistry project report is “To

Every health book insists on the chewing of food. The act of

The requirements for experiment of chemistry project report

PROCEDURE FOR CHEMISTRY EXPERIMENT 1:

1. Collection of Saliva: Rinse mouth thoroughly with cold

Absence of blue colour on addition to iodine solution means

Starch gets hydrolysed by salivary amylase

PROCEDURE FOR CHEMISTRY EXPERIMENT 2:

1. Take three test tubes and label these 1,2, and 3.

Temperature affects the digestion of starch by saliva.

PROCEDURE FOR CHEMISTRY EXPERIMENT 3:

1. Take three test tubes and label these 1,2, and 3.

Hydrolysis of starch by the enzyme does not take place in the

1. All apparatus should be clean and washed properly.

1. Wikipedia-the free encyclopedia

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