76 Chapterwise CBSE Solved Papers : MATHEMATIC

But
1 1 and
=u, =V
x]-3 2 2|[10]
W
=|-2 1 1|| 8
1 11 1 1 z-4 2 3|| 7|
and
x 2'y 3 z 5 -30 +16+14 0
x=2, y=3 and z=5 (1) -20+8 +7=-5
1 2 0 -40 +16+21-3
38. We have, A=-2 -1 -2| ...) .. x=0, y=-5 and z=-3
0 -1 39. We have,
|4=1(-3) -2 (-2) +0=1 #0 |1 -1 0| [2 2 -4|
Now, A =-3, A =2, A1g =2, 3 4and B = -4 2 -4
2 -1 5
Az1 =-2,Ay =1, A3 =1, Aj =-4, Ay =2 0 1 2]
and Aa =3 |1 -1 0|| 2 2 -4
-3 2 2]" -3 -2 -4| AB =|2 3 4|| 4 2 -4

adj (4)=|-2 1 1 2 |0 1 2|| 2 -1I 5

|-4 2 3| 1 3| 2+4+0 2-2+0 -4+4+0
=4-12+8 4+64 -8-12 +20
A= adj 4
0- 4+4 0+2-2 0-4+10

3 -2 6 0 0|
2 1 =|0 6 0=6/
2 1 3 0 0 6|
-3 -2 -4]
2 1 ...(i)
2 1 (2) 2 2 -4

Also, we have the system of linear equations as |-4 2 -4 (2

2 -1 5
x-2y=10,
2r- y-z=8 and -2y+ z=7 The given system of equations can be written in
-1 0
In the form of CX=D,
matrix form as,| 2 3
1 -2 01x 10
8 |0 1
2 -1 -1||y=
0 -2 7 |1 -1 0|
|1 -2 10 or, AX = D, where A=|2 3 (1)

where,C =|2 -1 vland D=|8

7
0 -2 3

We know that (4) =(4) (1)

1 2 0
C =|-2 -! -2=A [using Eq. )) 2 -4|| 3
2
1
0 -1 -4 2 -4||17
2 -1 5
Determinants 77

1
6+34--28 0 1 -2
-12 +34-28 (1)
=-2 9 -23
|6-17+ 35 -| 5 -13|
12| 2 be written in
1
Now, the given system of equation can
=z-6=-1
6 the form AX = B, where
|24 4 [2 -3 5 11

.x=2 y=-land z =4 and. B=

(2)
|2 -3 51 1 -2
40. We have, A=3 2 a
-4
As, A|=-1#0, so given system of equation has
-2 unique solution given by X = A'B.
: JA| =2(4+4) +3(-6+4) +5(3-2) [0 1 -2 || 11|
=0-6+5=-1+0 -2 9 -23 | -5
So, Ais invertible. -1 5 -13|| -3|
(1)
Cofactors of elements of Aare 0-5+6 1
-22-45 +69=|2
-11-25+39

3 -4| Hence, x =l, y=2 and z=3 (2)

Cp,=(-)"=-6+4)=2 1 3 21
41. We have, A =2 0 -1|
|1 2 3
f9 7 5
-(6-5)= Now, A' =A·A=|1 4 1|
8 9 9|
|1 2=4-5)=-9 [28 37 26|
and A=A'4-:
=|10 1
-3| 35 42 34|
|1 1-2+3)=-s (1)
Now, consider LHS =A' -44' -34 +1/
5
=(12-10) =2 28 37 261 [9 7 5
2 -4 =|10 5 -4|1 4 1
=8-15) =23 |35 42 34| 8 9 9|
3 -4
|1 3 2| [1 0 o
-3
-419)=13 (2) -3|2 0
0
10
0 1
2 1 |0 -1 2] 0 00
. adj4 =-1 -9 -5 -9 23 =|0 0 0=0= RHS
2 23 13 1 -5 13 |0 0 0 (2)
fo -1 21 Now, 4 -44 -3A +11| =0
Hence, 4- =(adj 4) = 2 -9 23 Pre-multiplied by A, we get
|1 -5 13 A'4 -44-4 -34'4+114-l =0
 78 Chapterwise CBSE Solved Papers : MATHEMATie,

A-44- 3/ +ll4=0 |0 0 0|
0 0 0=0
llA3/ +4A -4 (1)
0 0 0|
|3 0 0] 3 2| 9 7 5
A-64+54 +1l/; =0
ll =0 3 0 -1-|1 4 1 Now, multiplying both sides by A", we get
|I 2 3 8 9 9
|3 0 0| 4 12 [9 7 51 A'(A -64 +5A +111,) =A0
’lLA=0 3 0+8 0 --4 1 4 1 A'-64 +5/ +114 =0
()
0 0 3|4 8 12 |8 9 9| ’ 114- =-4'+64-51
-2 5 3 -2 5 3 4 2 1
1
7 -1 -5 8 -14

|-4 -1 -4 -1 6 7 -3 14
(2) 1

1 +6|1 2 -3
42. We have, 4 =1 2 -3 |2 -1 3
|2 -1 3 [-4+6-5 -2+6+0 -1+6+0
1 1 3+6+0 -8+12-5
1 l14-1 14-18+0
.. A= A4=|1 2 -3|1 2 -3 -7+12+0 3-6+0 -14+18-s
|2 -1 3||2 -1 3
|-3 4 5
4 2 1 -1 -4
8 -14 (1)
5 -3 -1
7 -3 14
|-3 4 5
1
2 -1 -4 (1)
A
and 4'=A'A=|-3 8 -14||1 2 -3
5 -3 -1
7 -3 14||2 -1 3
13 4
8 1
(1) 43. Here,|A|=|2 1 2
-23 27 -69
5 1 1
32 -13 58
=1(1-2) -3(2-10) +4(2-5)
..A-6A +54 +1l1, =-1+24-12=11#0
8 7 1 2 1|
Thus,Ais invertible.
27 -69-6|-3 8 -14
=|-23
Clearly, the system has a unique solution given by
32 -13 58 7 -3 14| X=A'B,
1 1 0 0|
Now, the cofactors of] A|are
+5|1 2
A =-1Aj2 =8, A3=-3,
|2 -1
A =1, A,, =-19, A3 =14,
7-12 +5 +0
8-24 +5+11 A31 =2, z, =6and Az =-5
+10+11
-|-23 +18 +5 +0 27-48 -1 8 -3 1 2
|32-42+10+0 -13 +18-5+0 6
1-6+5+0 adj(A) =| 1 -19 14 = 8 -19
-69+ 84-15 +0 2 6 -5 -3 14 -5
58-84 +15 +11 |
C:

Determinants 79

So, adj(4) Given, system of the equations is

x+y+z6,x +2z= 7,3x +y+ z=12,
= B, where
1 2] which can be written in matrix form as AX
-1 1 2 11 6
11 1 1|
8 -19 8 19 6 and B = 7 (1)
6=
11 11 11
-3 14 -5 14 12
-5
11 11 11J () Now, AX =B
The given equations are X=AB
x+3y+4z=8 0 21| 6
...i) 2
2x + y+2z=5 ..i) 5 2 -1| (1)
and 5x+ y+ z=7 4|
..ii) I1 2 -1||
which can be written in matrix form as AX =B.
-12 +0+24] [12]
|1 3 4] x
8| 1
30-14-12 = 4 (1)
X
where A=|2 1 2X=y and B=5 (1)
4
6+14-12 8
5 1 1
2
11 11 1
81
8 -19 6
y= [: X=4'B]
11 11 11 Hence, x =3, y=l and z =2 (1)
-3 14
s 0 4]
|i1 11 45.We have, A =2 3 2
8 5 141
ElE=|=E |1 2 1
11 11 11
64 95 42 5 0 4|
11 11 11 Now, |4|= 3 2=5(3-4) -0+4(4-3)
24 70 35 |1 2
11 11 11| =-544=-l#0 (1)
:.x=l y=land z =1 (1) Thus, Ais non-singular matrix, so 4 exists.
Now, cofactors of elements of| A|are
4. We have, A=|1 0 2
3 11
:: |A|=10-2)-1(1-6) +1(1-0)
=-2+5+1
=4#0
So, Ais invertible. (1)

[-2 0 2|
Clearly, adj (4) =| 5 -2 -! 4

1 2 -1| (1)
-2 0 2
1
-adj A= 5 2 -1| (1)
1 2 -1
 80 Chapterwise CBSE Solved Papers

Cy =(-1)** (-6-3) =9
MATHEMA
=-(10-0) = -10
Cy =(-1)** (-9-7)=-|6
=(0-12) =-12
Cy =(-)*(9-14) =5
Cy =(-)* (4+1)=5
A =(-)
22
=-(10-8) =-2 Cg =(-1)* (6-4) =-2
C =(-1)** (-3-8)=-11
=(15-0) =15 9
2 3 (1)
Now. (adj A) =|26 -16 -2
-1 8 -127
19 5 -11
.. adj 4= 0 -2 (1)
1 -10 15 -3 9
1
8
(adj 4) = 26 -16 -2
-12| 62
adj.4 |19 5
0 1 -2 -11
T1 -10 15 The given system of equations is equivalent to tha
matrix equation
|1 -8 12
=|0 -1 2
14|
(1)
A'=B, where X=
-1 10 -15
Now, (4B)-' =B-'4
1 3 311 -8 12
X= (4)'B =(4-ly'B
=1 4 3 0 -1 2 |3 26 19] [14]
X= 9 -16
|! 3 4-1 10 -15 62
5 -2 -11
[1+0-3 -8-3+30 12+6-45
=|1+0-3 -8-4+30 12+8- 45 |42+104 +0]
1
1+0-4 -8-3+40 12+6-60 126-64 +0 62
62 62
70-8 +0 62
[-2 19 -271
=-2 18 -25 (1)
Hence, x =l y=land z =1.
1
-3 29 -42 47. Let =p÷=qand =r
3 2 1
46. We have, A=|4 -1 2 Then, the given equations becomes
|7 3 -3 2p+3q +10r=2
4p-6g +5r=5
Then, 4=3(3-6) +(-2)(-12-14) +1(12+ 7) 6p+9g-20r=-4
=62+0
This system can be written as AX = B. where
As, A0. then 4 exists.
(1)
|2 3 10 p
Let C, represents the cofactor of (i, jth element of A, A=4 -6 5
then
6 9 -20|
C =(-l)'* (3-6)=-3
|2 3 10
I-4
Cip =(-I)'*(-12-14) =26 Here, A|=4 -6 5
C =(-1)'** (12+7)=19 |6 9 -20
Determinonts

[-4+4 +8 4 844 -4-8+121

-2120- 4$)- 3(-80- 30) +10(36+36) -7+1+6 7-2+3 -7-2+9
=150 + 330 + 720
5-3-2 -5+6--| 5+6-3
-1200 +)
As Åis non-singular, therefore its inverse
exists. (14)
Therefore., the above system has a unique solution
givenby l0 0 8|
X=4'B (2) BA =8/
CofactorsS of Aare
BA(A-)=&l-4 (1/2)
C =75, Cå =150, C =75 [post-multiplying both sides by 4'
C =l10. Cy =-100, C3 =30
B(A4-)=8/ 4-!
Ci: =72 Cz3 =0 and C; =-24 (1)
B =84 [: A4- =]
[75 110 72
-4 4 4
. adi(4)=|150 -100 1 3 (1)
=-7
75 30 -24 5 -3 -1|
75 150 75 1|
4 41|41
l110 -100 30
Hence, X=-7 1 3||9
|72 -24| 8
5 -3
75 150 75
1 x [-16+36+4| [24| 31
A(adj 4) =1200 110 -100 30
-28 +9+3 (1)
72 -24 8
(1) 20-27-1
Now, X =4'B
On comparing corresponding elements, we get
75 150 75 2 x=3, y=-2 and z=-1 (1)
g= 110 -100 30
1200 49. Dosame as Q. No. 48. [Ans. x=0, y=5, z=3]
72
-24|-4 1 -1 2
[150 +750-300| 50.Given, -2
1
220-500-120 (1) 1 0 3
1200
144 +0+96
|1 -1 2
900 -300| 600 1/21
1 Here,|4|=|3 0 -2=1(0+0) +1(9 +2)
220-620= -400=-1/3
1200 1200 1 0 3
144 +96 240 |1/5 +2 (0-0)=11
1 11 0 01
Now, |4|I =11/=|o 11 0 ...))
x=2, y=-3 and z =5 (1)
0 0 11|
|-4 4 4 [1 -1 1
48.Let B=|-7 3and A=|| -2 -2
Cofactors of] A|
1
5 -3 -1| 2 1 3 Ci =(-I)"
-4 4 411 -1 1
Now, BA=-7 3 -2
3||1 -2 -2
| 3 -3 -1||2 1 3
(1)
C,=(-9 -0+2)=-l1
 Chapterwise CBSE Solved Papers :
82
MATHEMATIC:
|0 2y
C, =(-) 51. Given, A = x then
- y

Czy =(-) 2+1-1 2/

A'=|2y y

1 3|
=+0-2) =1
Also, A'=A-l
Cy =(-) 2+3| -(0+1) =-1
Thus, 4'A =I
-1 2 0 0 2y |1 0 0]
+|2y y
|Z -z ||x-y |0 0
Cy =(-) '*2;-2-6)
|3
=8 l0+x² +x2 0-xz +xz
0+ xy-*)
(14) 0+xy-xy 4y + y´ +y* 2z- yz-yz
Ciy=(-) 3*3/3 0
+0+3)=3 0,
|0- zx+ zx 2yz -yz- yz z+z'+ 2
0 3 2| (
C|j Cz1 C1
=-11 1 (14)
adj A= C2 Co C32
| C Cz3 C3 -1 3 0 0 1
3 2|
|1 -1 2 || 0
[2x2 [1 0 0
Now, A(adj A) =|3 0 -2|| -11 1 8 0 6y? 0 01 0
|1 0 -1 3 0 0
0 0 3z
J0+11+0 3-1-2 2-8+6]
0+0+0 9+0+2 6+0-6 On comparing both sides, we get
0+0+0 3+0-3 2+0+9 2x =1,6y' =l and 3z'=1
1 1
and z =t (1)
11 0 0 x=t
3
0 11 0
0 0 11| cos a - sin a. 0|
52. We have, A =| sin a COs C 0
3 2||1 -1 2
-2 0. 0
and (adj A) A =|-1| 1 83
0 -1 3|1 0 3 Clearly, the cofactors of elements of A|are given by
0+9+2 0+0+0 0-6+6 A| =c0s a; Ap =-sin ; A13 =0;
A =sin a; A =cos C; A =0
-11+3 +8 11+0+0 -22-2+24
|0-3+3 0+0+0 0+2+9 A_ =0; A, =0 and A33 =1
|A1 A12 A13
11 0 0
. adj (4) =|Az1 A2 Ay3
=0 11 0
[A31 A2 A33
|0 0 11| Sin. 0
cos - sin a. 01 cos .
Hence verified.
Thus, A(adj 4) = (adj 4) 4=| A|! Sin a -sin cos C 0} (
(2)
0 0
Determinants
83

Now, A (adj4)
-Sin a 0 Now, cofactors of elements of] 4| are
lcos a Cos sin . 0|
sina
4 -=102-5)=/
sin . COS 0 -1 3
0 1 0
1 3 -5 =-1(9+10) =-19
lcosa +sina 0 3
sin a +cos 4
--1(3-9--1l
...) |-1 2| =-l(-3+2) =l
cOS CX sin . 0|| cos . -sin & 0|
(adj 4)· (A)=|- sin a cosa 0 0 2
0 1 0 0

lcos a +sin a 0 1 0 0]
0 sin +cos 0=|0 1 0 -1(-1+2)=-1
0 1| 0 0
...(ii) (1)
Cos a 0 2
=-l(-5-6) =11
and| A|=| sin . COs O 0=1- (cos'a +sin" )=1 |3 -s
0 1 (1)

[expanding along R,]

|1 0 0 A Ap Ajg
:. 4|1; =|0 1 0, ...ii)
adj (A) =| A,1 A2 A3
|0 0 1 Ay A33
A1
From Eqs. (1), (i1)and (11), we get -19 -11'
(1)
A(adj 4) = (adj 4)·A=|4|1; 1 -1

53. Given, system of equations is -3 11

x-y+2z=7
7 1 -3|
3x +4y-5z =-5 -1 11 (14)
=|-19
and 2x-y+3z =12 |-11 -1 7
written as
In matrix form, it can be
...) ) a n d - .adj (4)
AX =B

where,
7
7 1 -3|
(1/2)
-1 2 x
-5,X=|yland B=-5
-19 -1 11
A=3 4 -11 -1 7
12|
|2 -1 Now, from Eq. (), we get
+2 (-3-8)
Here, A|=l(12-5)+1(9 +10) (1)
X=4B
=1(7)+1(19) +2(-11) 7 -3 7
=7+19-22 = 4 (1)
-19 -1

-11 -1 12
inverse exists.
S2, is non-singular and its
 E

84 Chapterwise CBSE Solved Papers :

49 5 -36 1 58. Do same as ). No. 43.

MATHEMAN
-133 +5+132= -6 17 13
-77+5 +84 Ans. A- =- 14 5
67
On comparing coresponding elements, we get I-15 9
x=2, y=land z =3 (1) 59. Do same as Q. No. 53. Ans. x
=5, y=8, z=R
54. Do same as O. No. 53. Ans. x =3, y=l, z=1 60. Dosame as Q. No. 53.
Ans. x =2,y=land zat
S5. Do same as ). No. 53. Ans. x =l, y=2, z-1 61.Do same as Q. No. 53. Ans. x
=3, y=-2and zi
S6. Do same as O. No. 53. Ans. x =l, v=2, z=-1 62. Do same as ). No. 43.
57. Do same as ). No. 43. |3 -6

Ans.4 =
|4 -5
|2 0 y=0 and z=2
Ans. A =|2 -5
|2 -4
tr=2 y=0and z=-2
|2 5 3|

Case Based Questions

1. Gautam buys 5 pens, 3 bags and I
instrument box and Answer the following questions using the above
pays a sum of 160. From the same shop. Vikram
buys 2 pens, 1 bag and 3 instrument boxes and
pays a
information. CBSE Question Bani
sum of 190. Also, Ankur buys l pen, 2 (i) The equations in terms ofx
bags and4 and y are
instrument boxes and pays a sum of 250. (a) x- y= 50 and 2x -y=550
(i) Convert the given above situation into a matrix (b) x- y=50and2+ y=550
equation of the form AX = B. (c) x+ y= 50 and 2x+ y= 550
(ü) Find | A, (d) x+ y=50 and 2x- y=550
CBSE 2023
(ii) Which of the
(ii) Find 4-1 following
matrix equation represent
the information given above.
Or
(iii) Determine P = A' -54.
2. Manjit wants to donate a
school in his village. Whenreciangular plot of land for a
he was asked to give
dimensions of the plot, he told that if its length is
decreased by 50 m and breadth is increased by 50m,
then its area will remain same, but if
length is
decreased by 10m and breadth is decreased by 20m,
then its area willdecrease by 5300 m.
(ii) The value of x (length of
(a) 150 m rectangular field) is
(b) 400 m
(c) 200 m (d) 320 m
(iv) The value of y(breadth of
(a) 150 m
rectangular field) is
(b) 200 m
(c) 430 m (d) 350 mn
(v) How much is the area of
rectangular field?
(a) 60000 m? (b) 30000m?
(c) 30000 m (d) 3000 m
 Explanations
1,Letthe price of a pen, bag and instrument box arex,
rand espectively, then
Sr+3y+z=l60
(torGautam) ..()
2r++3:=190 .. adj A= A1 As
(torVikranm) ...ii) As3
andx+2y+4z=250 -2 -5 3'
(torAnkur)
...() -10 19 -7
-13 -1
() This system oft
fequation can be written as AX =B, 8
where -2 -10 8
5 3 1| =-5 19 -13
Á=|2 1 3 -7 -1
|3
|1 2 4 -2 -10 81
adj 4 1
[1601 -5 19 -13
vand B=|190 22
3 -7 -1|
|250 Or
() |4=5(4-6)-3(8-3) +1(4-1) (iiü) P=4'-54
=5(-2) -3(5) +1(3) 5 3 1]/5 3 1| 5 3 1]
=-10-15+3=-22 #0 =|2 1 3|2 1 3-5|2 1 3
(iü) Cofactors of A| are |1 2 4||1 2 4| |1 2 4|
[25 +6+1 15+3+2 5+9+4]
|2 4 =(4-6)=-2
=|10+2 +3 6+1+6 2+3+12
1 4=-(8-3)=-5 |5+4+4 3+2+8 1+6+16|
25 15 5
10 5 15
5 10 20|
=-(12-2) =-10 32 20 18 25 15 5
2 4
15 13 17 10 5 15

=20-1=19 |13 13 23 5 10 20|

|1 4 7 5 13|
5 8 2
=-(10-3)=-7
8 3 3

I3/=9-)=8 2. According to the question, when length is decreased

by 50 m and breadth is increased by 50 m.

=-((5-2) =-13 (x-50)(y+50) =xy

|2 3 X- y=50 ...)
 86 Chapterwise CBSE Solved Papers

and when length is decreased by 10 m and breadth is

MATHEMATICS
decreased by 20 m.
(r-10)(y- 20) =x-5300
2r + y=550 ...(i) 1 d
(i) (6)x-y= 50 and 2r +y=550 ad - bc\-c
(ii) (a) Eqs. (i) and (i) can be written in matrix form as 50 +550
1600|200]
-100 +550 3450 150
.. x=200and y=150
(ii) (c) We have, Lenght of rectangular field
’x=200 m
(iv) (a) Breadth of rectangular field
y=150 m
(v) (b) Area of rectangular field =200 x150
=30000 m?
 CHAPTER TEST
Mark Questions Cos9 sin 9

2 8. Find the inverse of the matrix - sin 9 cos 0

and B then
linear equations using matrix
(9))4j=|B 9. Solve the system of
(b)|4= 2| B method.
(c)|A|=2²B| (d) | 4|= - |B|
2x y=-2 and 3x +4y=3
J2 4 2x 4
then x is
3 Marks Questions
(b) ± 2
0 cos 0 sin C
(d) 0 10. Find the inverse of the matrix
(c)1 0 sin O. -cos a |
lcos -sin 0
value of is
3. The sin cos
-3 satisfies the equation
11. Show that
4
(a)0 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) 5
x=6x +17=0. Hence, find A.
AIfA is a skew-symmetric matrix of odd order n. then
(a) 4|=0 (b)| 4|=-1 tan x| then show that
12.
e)}4|=|4'| (d) None of these tan x 1
cos 2x - sin 2x
2Marks GQuestions AA=
sin 2x cos 2x

5. Find the value of k, if the points (k +1,1), (2k +1,3)

and (2k +2, 2k) are collinear. 5 Marks Questions
a b
of the
6. Find the minors of the diagonal elements matrix A=| 1+ bc and
1 i -1 13. Find the inverse of the
determinant-i 1
show that aA = (a+ bc+1)- a4.
1 -i
2 3 1
7. Using cofactors of elements of
third row, evaluate 14. If A=| 1 2 2 find 4 and hence solve the
|-3 1 -1
+2y+ z=4
A=|1 z+* system of equations 2x + y-3z=13, 3x
and x +2y - z =8.

Answers

3. (b) 4. (a) 11.

1.(c) 2. (a)
and M; =0
5.2 or 6. M =i-1, M =i+l [1+bc -b
2
13.
cos -in 0 -C
7.0 8
sin cos 0 4
[-4 4
1 0 0
14. A-!
1
-5 1 -3x=1, y=2 and z=-3.
16
-5 y= 12
9x=and 10.0 cos 7 -11
11 sin -Cos O
0