Scribd
Upload
7 views3 pages

Function and Limit

Uploaded by

Apurba Datta
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
7 views3 pages

Function and Limit

Uploaded by

Apurba Datta
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 3

Functions of several variables

𝐄𝐱. 𝟏) 𝐅𝐢𝐧𝐝 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐃𝐨𝐦𝐚𝐢𝐧 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐑𝐚𝐧𝐠𝐞 𝐨𝐟 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐟𝐮𝐧𝐜𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧 𝐟 𝐱, 𝐲 = 𝟒 − 𝐱𝟐 − 𝐲𝟐

Solution: For Domain,

F is defined for,

4 − x2 − y2 ≥ 0

⇒ x2 + y2 ≤ 4

∴ Domain = x, y : x 2 + y 2 ≤ 4

Which indicates a circle whose centre is at (0,0) and radius is 2.

Again, for all the points on the circle x 2 + y 2 = 4, f x, y = 0 and the maximum value at the centre

4 = 2. Therefore, for every value of the domain the functional value will stay within 0,2 .

∴ Range = 0,2

𝐄𝐱. 𝟐) 𝐒𝐤𝐞𝐭𝐜𝐡 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐠𝐫𝐚𝐩𝐡 𝐨𝐟 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐟𝐮𝐧𝐜𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧 𝐟 𝐱, 𝐲 = 𝟒 − 𝟒𝐱 − 𝟐𝐲.

Solution: Let, z = 4 − 4x − 2y ⇒ 4x + 2y + z = 4

This is an equation of a plane, which coincides the axes at x = 1, y = 2 and z = 4.

A triangular portion of the plane can be sketched by plotting the intersections with the co-ordinate axes and
joining them with the line segments.
Y

(0, 2, 0)

X
(1, 0, 0)

(0, 0, 4)
Z

𝐄𝐱. 𝟑) 𝐒𝐤𝐞𝐭𝐜𝐡 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐠𝐫𝐚𝐩𝐡 𝐨𝐟 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐟𝐮𝐧𝐜𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧 𝐟 𝐱, 𝐲 = 𝟒 − 𝐱 𝟐 − 𝐲 𝟐 .

Solution: Let, z = 4 − x 2 − y 2

This is an equation of a paraboloid, which coincides the axes at x = 2, y = 2 and z = 4.


Limit and Continuity:

𝐱+𝐲−𝟏
𝐄𝐱. 𝟒) 𝐈𝐟 𝐟 𝐱, 𝐲 = , 𝐭𝐡𝐞𝐧 𝐬𝐡𝐨𝐰 𝐭𝐡𝐚𝐭, 𝐥𝐢𝐦 𝐥𝐢𝐦 𝐟(𝐱, 𝐲) = 𝐥𝐢𝐦 𝐥𝐢𝐦 𝐟(𝐱, 𝐲)
𝐱+𝐲+𝟐 𝐱→𝟎 𝐲→𝟏 𝐲→𝟏 𝐱→𝟎

Solution:

x+y−1 x+1−1 x 0
L. H. S: lim lim f(x, y) = lim lim = lim = lim = =0
x→0 y→1 x→0 y→1 x + y + 2 x→0 x + 1 + 2 x→0 x + 3 0+3

x+y−1 0+y−1 y−1 1−1


R. H. S: lim lim f(x, y) = lim lim = lim = lim = =0
y→1 x→0 y→1 x→0 x + y + 2 y→1 0 + y + 2 y→1 y + 2 1+2

∴ lim lim f(x, y) = lim lim f(x, y) (showed)


x→0 y→1 y→1 x→0

𝐄𝐱. 𝟓) 𝐃𝐢𝐬𝐜𝐮𝐬𝐬 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐢𝐭𝐞𝐫𝐚𝐭𝐞𝐝 𝐥𝐢𝐦𝐢𝐭𝐬 𝐨𝐟 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐟𝐨𝐥𝐥𝐨𝐰𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝐟𝐮𝐧𝐜𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧𝐬 𝐚𝐭 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐩𝐨𝐢𝐧𝐭 𝟎, 𝟎 .

𝐱𝟑 + 𝐲𝟑 𝐱𝟐 + 𝐲𝟐
𝐢 𝐟 𝐱, 𝐲 = 𝐢𝐢 𝐟 𝐱, 𝐲 =
𝐱𝟑 − 𝐲𝟑 𝐱 + 𝐲 𝟐 + 𝟐𝐱 𝟐 𝐲 𝟐

x3 + y3
𝐒𝐨𝐥𝐮𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧: i Given, f x, y =
x3 − y3

Now,

x3 + y3 x3
lim lim f(x, y) = lim lim = lim = lim 1 = 1
x→0 y→0 x→0 y→0 x 3 − y 3 x→0 x 3 x→0

And,

x3 + y3 y3
lim lim f(x, y) = lim lim 3 = lim 3 = lim −1 = −1
y→0 x→0 y→0 x→0 x − y 3 y→0 −y x→0

∴ lim lim f(x, y) ≠ lim lim f(x, y)


x→0 y→1 y→1 x→0

Therefore, iterated limits of the function does not exist at the point 0,0 .

𝐱𝐲
𝐄𝐱. 𝟔) 𝐏𝐫𝐨𝐯𝐞 𝐭𝐡𝐚𝐭, 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐢𝐭𝐞𝐫𝐚𝐭𝐞𝐝 𝐥𝐢𝐦𝐢𝐭𝐬 𝐨𝐟 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐟𝐮𝐧𝐜𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧 𝐟 𝐱, 𝐲 = 𝐚𝐭 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐩𝐨𝐢𝐧𝐭 𝟎, 𝟎 𝐞𝐱𝐢𝐬𝐭𝐬
𝐱𝟐 + 𝐲𝟐

𝐛𝐮𝐭 𝐬𝐢𝐦𝐮𝐥𝐭𝐚𝐧𝐞𝐨𝐮𝐬 𝐥𝐢𝐦𝐢𝐭 𝐝𝐨𝐞𝐬 𝐧𝐨𝐭 𝐞𝐱𝐢𝐬𝐭.

Solution:
xy
i Given, f x, y =
x2 + y2
Now,
xy
lim lim f(x, y) = lim lim = lim 0 = 0
x→0 y→0 x→0 y→0 x 2 + y 2 x→0

And,
xy
lim lim f(x, y) = lim = lim 0 = 0
y→0 x→0 y→0 x 2 + y 2 x→0

∴ lim lim f(x, y) = lim lim f(x, y)


x→0 y→1 y→1 x→0

Therefore, iterated limits of the function does not exist at the point 0,0 .

Now, the simultaneous limit of the function along y = mx at 0,0


x. mx m
lim f x, y = lim = ; it will have different values for different values of m.
x,y → 0,0 x,y → 0,0 x 2 + m2 x 2 1 + m2

Therefore, simultaneous limit of the function does not exist at the point 0,0 .

You might also like