LIONS PUBLIC SCHOOL

PHYSICS ASSIGNMENT- 04 CLASS- 12 [2024-25]

CHAPTER – 02 : Electrostatic potential & capacitance

Case study Questions:

1. When an insulator is placed in an external field, the dipoles become aligned. Induced surface
charges on the insulator establish a polarization field Ēi in its interior. The net field Ē in the
insulator is the vector sum of Ē, and Ēi as shown in the figure.

On the application of external electric field, the effect of aligning the electric dipoles in the
insulator is called
Polarisation and the field Ē; is known as the polarisation field.
The dipole moment per unit volume of the dielectric is known as polarisation (P).
For linear isotropic dielectrics, P =χE, where χ = electrical susceptibility of the dielectric
medium.

(i) Which among the following is an example of polar molecule?

(a) O₂ (b) H
(c) N2 (d) HCI

(ii) When air is replaced by a dielectric medium of constant K, the maximum force of attraction
between two charges separated by a distance
(a) increases K times (b) remains unchanged
(c) decreases K times (d) increases 2K times.

(iii) Which of the following is a dielectric?

(a) Copper (b) Glass
(c) Antimony (Sb) (d) None of these

(iv) For a polar molecule, which of the following statements is true ?

(a) The centre of gravity of electrons and protons coincide.
(b) The centre of gravity of electrons and protons do not coincide.
(c) The charge distribution is always symmetrical.
(d) The dipole moment is always zero.

2. If two or more capacitors are connected in series the overall effect is that of a single capacitor
having the sum total of the plate spacing of the individual capacitors, if two or more capacitors
 are connected in parallel the overall effect is that of a single equivalent capacitor having the
sum total of the plate area of the individual capacitors,

(i) Capacity can be increased by connecting capacitors in

(a) Parallel (b) Series
(c) Both a and b (d) None of these
(ii) Three capacitors having a capacitance equal to 2F,4F and 6F are connected in parallel.
Calculate the effective parallel capacitance
(a) 10F (b) 11F
(c) 12F (d) 13F
(iii) When capacitors are connected in series ……… remains the same.
(a) Voltage (b) Capacitance
(c) Charge (d) Resistance
(iv) The plates of a parallel plate capacitor are 10cm apart and have an area equal to 2m2, if the
charge on each plate is 8.85x10-10 C, the electric field at a point
(a) Between the plate is zero
(b) Outside the plate is zero
(c) Between the plates will change from point to point
(d)None of the above.
(v) Four 10f capacitors are connected in series calculate the equivalent capacitance
(a) 1.5F (b) 2.5F
(c) 3.5F (d) 4.5F

3. A dielectric slab is a substance which does not allow the flow of charges through it but permits
them to exert electrostatic forces on one another.
When a dielectric slab is placed between the plates, the field Eo polarises the dielectric. This
induces charge -Qp on the upper surface and + Qp on the lower surface of the dielectric. These
induced charges set up a field Ep inside the dielectric in the opposite direction of E0 as shown.

(i) In a parallel plate capacitor, the capacitance increases from 4pF to 80pF on introducing a
dielectric medium between the plates. What is the dielectric constant of the medium?
(a)10 (b) 20 (c) 50 (d) 100

(ii) A parallel plate capacitor with air between the plates has a capacitance of 8 pF. The
separation between the plates is now reduced half and the space between them is filled with a
 Calculate the value of capacitance of the capacitor in second case.
(a) 8pF (b) 10pF (c) 80pF (d) 100pF

(iii) A dielectric introduced between the plates of a parallel plate condenser

(a) decreases the electric field between the plates
(b) increases the capacity of the condenser
(c) increases the charge stored in the condenser
(d) increases the capacity of the condenser

(iv) A parallel plate capacitor of capacitance 1 pF has separation between the plates is d. When
the distance of separation becomes 2d and wax of dielectric constant x is inserted in it the
capacitance becomes 2 pF. What is the value of x?
(a) 2 (b) 4 (c) 6 (d) 8

ASSERTION AND REASONING

A. Both Assertion and reason are true and reason is correct explanation of assertion.
B. Assertion and reason both are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.
C. Assertion is true, reason is false.
D. Assertion is false, reason is true.

1.Assertion(A) : A metallic shield in the form of a hollow shell may be built to block an
electric field.
Reason : In a hollow spherical shield, the electric field is zero at every point.
2.Assertion : When two equally charged body are connected through a conductor. There will
not be transfer of charge between them.
Reason : Transfer of charge takes place between two unequally charged body.
3.Assertion : The work done to move a charge on equipotential surface may not be zero
always.
Reason : The work done also depends on quantity of charge to be move.
4.Assertion : The force between the plates of a parallel plate capacitor is proportional to
charge on it.
Reason : Electric force is equal to charge per unit distance between plates.
5.Assertion : When a charged capacitor is connected to an identical uncharged capacitor,
charge is equally shared between them
Reason : Transfer of charge takes place between them till potential of both capacitor
becomes equal.
6. Assertion(A):When a capacitor is charged by a battery, both the plates receive charge equal
in magnitude, no matter about the size of the plates are identical or not.
Reason (R)The charge distribution on the plates of a capacitor is in accordance with the
charge conservation principle.
7.Assertion(A):If the distance between the parallel plates of a capacitor is halved and
dielectric constant is three is inserted between the plates then the capacitance becomes six
times.
Reason(R):Capacitance of the capacitor does not depend upon the nature of the material of
the plates of the capacitor
8.Assertion (A)The electric field at a point due to a charge distribution is zero but electric
potential is not zero.Reason (R)Electric field is a vector quantity whereas electric potential
is a scalar quantity.
9.Assertion(A):The Equipotential surface due to a point charge is spherical in shape Reason
(R):The potential due to a point charge depends on The value of the charge and its
 Distance from the point of determination.
10.Assertion(A):If a material of greater dielectric constant inserted between the plates of a
parallel capacitors then the capacitance increases Reason(R):The capacitance of a capacitor
does not depend on the nature of material between the plates.

11.Assertion (A). When the distance between the parallel plate capacitor is halved and the
dielectric constant of the dielectric used is made three times then the capacitance becomes six
times.
Reason(R). Capacitance does not depend on the nature of the material.

12.Assertion A If more electric field lines leave a Gaussian surface than those which enter
into it then the net charge enclosed by that surface will be positive.
Reason(R) If the net flux passing through a Gaussian surface is zero, then the net charge
enclosed by that surface will be zero.

13. Assertion A increasing the charge on the plates of a capacitor means increasing the
capacitance.
Reason(R) Because Q= CV means Charge is directly proportional to Capacitance.

14. Assertion A A parallel plate capacitor is connected across a battery through a key. A
dielectric slab of dielectric constant K is introduced between the plates. The energy which is
stored becomes K times.
Reason(R) The potential difference between the plates remains constant or unchanged.

15. Assertion A: Under Electrostatic conditions net electric field inside a solid conductor will
be zero.
Reason(R): Under Electrostatics condition there will be no free electrons inside a conductor.

16. Assertion :The total charge stored in a capacitor is zero.

Reason :The field just outside the capacitor is σ/ε0 . (σ is the charge density)

17. Assertion :The electrostatic force between the plates of a charged isolated capacitor
decreases when dielectric fills whole space between plates.

Reason :The electric field between the plates of a charged isolated capacitance increases
whendielectric fills whole space between plates.
18. Assertion :Electric field inside a conductor is zero.
Reason:The potential at all the points inside a conductor is same.

19. Assertion :Work done in moving a charge between any two points in an electric field is
independent of the path followed by the charge, between these points.
Reason: Electrostatic force is a non conservative force.

20.Assertion :In the absence of an external electric field, the dipole moment per unit volume
of a polar dielectric is zero.
Reason : The dipoles of a polar dielectric are randomly oriented.