Previous year Questions

Unit – 4 (Probability)
Q. f ‘m’ is themean of poisson disturbution , then its standard devition is given by :
𝒎
(a) √𝒎 (b) m2 (c) m (d) (2022)
𝟐
Solution : given mean of poisson distribution =’m’
It is known that for position distritution
Mean = Variance =’m’
And standard deviation =√𝑣𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 =√𝑚
Hence , the correct answer is option (a) .
Q. The normal distribution curve is symmetrical about :
𝝁 𝝈
(a) X=𝝁 (b) X= 𝝈 (c) X=𝝈 (d) X=𝝁 (2022)
Solution : The normal distribution is symmetrical about its mean .
X = 𝜇 , Hence , the correct answer is option (a).
Q. Let X be a describe random variable whose probability distribution is given below :
X = xj : 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
2 2 2
P(X = xj ): 0 2k 2k 3k k 2k 7k 2k
The value of k is :
𝟏 𝟏 𝟏
(𝐚) (b) – 1 (c) - (d) (2022)
𝟏𝟎 𝟏𝟎 𝟓
Solution : It is known that the sum of all probabilities in a probability distribution is one .
i.e., ∑Pi = 1
0 +2k + 2k + 3k + k2 + 2k2 + 7k2 + 2k = 1
= 10k2 + 9k =1 ⇒ 10k2 + 9k -1 =0 ⇒ 10k2 + 10k – k -1 =0
1
⇒ 10k(k+1) – 1(k+1) =0 ⇒ (10k-1) (k+1) =0 ⇒K = Or , K =−1
10
Since the probability can not be negative , therefore K≠ - 1.
1
Thus , the value of K is 10. Hence , the correct answer is option (a) .
Q. In a box of 100 bulbs , 10 are defective . what is the probability that out a sample of 5 bulbs , none
is defective ?
𝟗 𝟗 𝟏
(a) (𝟏𝟎)5 (b) 𝟏𝟎 (c) 10-5 (d) (𝟐)2 (2022)
Solution: Total number of bulbs =100
Number of defective bulbs =10
Let ‘p’ be the success i.e ., getting a defective bulb .
10
:. Probability of success ,p = 100
1 1 9
=10 :. q =1 – p = 1 – 10 =10
Probability of getting ‘r’ defective bulbs P(X=r) =nCrprqn-r
:. Probability of getting ‘no’ defective bulb when ‘5’ bulbs are drawn
1 9 9
P ( X = 0 ) = 5C0(10)0 (10)5-0 = (10)5
Hence , the correct answer is option (a) .
Q. If X is a normal variate with mean 𝝁 and standard deviation 𝝈 > 𝟎 , then the new random
𝑿−𝝁
variate Z = 𝝈
is a variate with : (2022)
(a) Mean = 1 , standard deviation =0. (b) Mean = 1 , standard deviation =1.
(c) Mean = 2 , standard deviation =1. (d) Mean = 0 , standard deviation =1.
Solution : It is known that for a standard normal variate ,
Z~ 𝑁(0,1)
Mean is equal to 0 and variation is unity .
Therefore standard deviation is 1 .:. Mean = 0
Hence , the correct answer is option (d) .
Q. The mean E(X) of the number obtained on throwing a die having written 1 on three faces , 2 on
two faces and 5 on one face is :
𝟖
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 5 (d) (2022)
𝟑
Solution : A dice having 1 on three faces ,2 on two faces and 5 on one face
3 1 2 1 1
:. P (1) = 6 = 2 , P(2) = 6 =3 , P (5) = 6
:. Let X denote the radiation variable showing the possible outcome

X 1 2 5
P(X) 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏
𝟐 𝟑 𝟔

:. E (X) =∑𝑥𝑃 (𝑋 = 𝑥)
1 1 1
E(X) = 1 ∗ (2) + 2 (3) + 5 (6) = 2
E(X) = 2 , Hence the correct answer is option (b)

Q. Let x represent the difference between the number of tails obtained when a coin is
tossed 6 times . then the possible values of x are :
(a) 0,1,3,5 (b) 0,2,4,6 (c) 0,2,5,6 (d) 1,3,4,5 (2022)
Solution: X represent the difference between the number of heads and the number of tails
Obtained when a tossed 6 times .
Number of Heads Number of Tails X
6 0 6
5 1 4
4 2 2
3 3 0
2 4 2
1 5 4
0 6 6
Possible value of x = 0,2 ,4,6
Hence , the correct answer is option (b) .
Q. If the mean of a binomial distribution is 81 , then the standard deviation lies in the interval:
(a) [0,9) (b) (0,9] (c) [0,3] (d) (0,3] (2022)
Solution : Given mean of a binomial distribution =81
Since mean is always greater than variance ,
And standard deviation =√𝑣𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒
:. Mean > variance
0≤ √𝑣𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 < √𝑚𝑒𝑎𝑛 ⇒0≤ 𝑆𝐷 < √81 ⇒0≤ 𝑆𝐷 < 9
:. Standard deviation lies in [0,9)
Hence the correct answer is option (a) .
Q. If a random variable X has the poisson distributions with mean 2 . then , P (x> 1.5) is :
(a) 2e-2 (b) 3e2 (c) 1-2e-2 (d) 1-3e-2 (2022)
Solution : for a position distribution , mean =2 i.e . m=2.
𝑚𝑟 𝑒 −𝑚
∴ 𝑃(𝑋 = 𝑟) = ⇒ 𝑃(𝑋 > 1.5)=1-P(X≤ 1.5)
𝑟!
(2)1 𝑒 −2 20 𝑒 −2
= 1 − [𝑃(𝑋 = 1) + 𝑃(𝑋 = 0)] = 1 − 1!
− 0!
= 1−2e-2-e-2 = 1−3e-2
Hence , the correct answer is option (d) .
Q. There are 50 telephone lines in an exchange . the probability that any one of them will be
busy is 0.1 . the probability that all the lines are busy is :
𝟓𝟎 𝒆−𝟓 𝟓𝟎 𝒆−𝟓 𝟓𝟓𝟎 𝒆−𝟓 𝟓𝟓𝟎 𝒆−𝟓
(a) (b) 𝟏 − (c) (d) 𝟏 − (2022)
𝟎! 𝟎! 𝟓𝟎! 𝟓𝟎!
Solution: total number of exchange lines ,n = 50
Probability that ‘r’ lines are busy :
𝑚𝑟 𝑒 −𝑚 (5)50 𝑒 −5
P(X =r) = 𝑟!
⇒P(X=50 ) = 50!
Hence , the correct answer is option ( c) .
Q. The mean of the probability distribution of the number of doublets in 4 throws of a pair of dice ,
is :
𝟐 𝟑 𝟐
(a) 1 (b) 𝟑 (c) 1𝟓 (d) 2𝟑 (2022)
Solution : let X represent the random variable showing no of doublets when a pair of dice is thrown 4
times . X = 0,1,2,3,4
6 1 1 5
P(doublet)= 36 = 6 . P (not getting a double ) = 1 - 6 = 6
1 2
:. Mean = np = 4 x =
6 3
Hence ,the correct answer is option (b) .
Q. It is known from the past experience that the number of telephone calls made daily in a certain
community between 3 p.m and 4p.m has a mean of 352 and a standard deviation of 31 . what
percentage of the time will there be more than 400 telephone calls made in the community between
3p.m to 4 p.m ? [Use : P 0 ≤ 𝒛 ≤ 𝟏. 𝟓) = 𝟎. 𝟒𝟑𝟗𝟒]
(a) 11.4% (b) 9.6% (c) 7.08% (d) 6.06% (2022)
Solution : mean 𝜇 = 352
Standard deviation 𝜎 = 31
𝑋−𝜇 400−352
Z= 𝜎 31
≈ 1.55 ⇒ 𝑃(𝑋 > 400) = 𝑃 (𝑍 > 1.55)
= 0.5 – P(Z= 1.5) = 0.5 -0.4394 =0.0606
: . 𝑃(𝑋 > 400)𝑖𝑛 % = 100 ∗ 0.0606 = 6.06%
Hence ,the correct answer is option ( d) .
Q. If X is a Poisson variable such that P(X = 1) = 2P(X = 2), then P(X = 0) is :
(a) e (b) 1/e (c) 1 (d) e2 (2023)
Solution : P(x=1) = 2P(x=2)
𝑚1 𝑒 −𝑚 𝑚2 𝑒 −𝑚
1!
=2x 2!
⇒ 𝑚 = 𝑚2 ⇒ 𝑚 = 1 (𝑎𝑠 𝑚 > 0)
10 𝑒 −1 1
P(x=0) = 0!
= 𝑒 −1 = 𝑒
Hence correct option is (b)
Q. An unbiased die is thrown again and again until three sixes are obtained. Find the probability of
obtaining a third six in the sixth throw of the die. (2023)
1 5
Solution : let E be the event of getting 6 . , p = 6 , 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑞 = 6
Probability of getting 3rd six in the 6th throw = P( 2 six in 5 throw) x P (a 6 in 6th throw)
5 1 2 5 3 1 625
𝐶2 ( ) ( ) 𝑥 =
6 6 6 23328
Q. Suppose 2% of the items made by a factory are defective. Find the probability that there are 3
defective items in a sample of 100 items selected at random. (Given e-2 = 0·135) (2023)
Solution : p = 2% = 2/100 , x = 100 , 𝜆𝑛𝑝 = 100 x 2/100 = 2
𝑒 −2 ×23 𝑒 −2 × 8 0.135 × 8
P (x=3) = 3!
= 6
= 6
= 0.18
Case Study 1
Q. A factory produces bulbs, of which 6% are defective bulbs in a large bulk of bulbs. Based on the
above information, answer the following questions :
(i) Find the probability that in a sample of 100 bulbs selected at random, none of the bulbs is
defective. (Use : e-6 = 0·0024)
(ii) Find the probability that the sample of 100 bulbs has exactly two defective bulbs.
(iii) (a) Find the probability that the sample of 100 bulbs will include not more than one defective
bulb.
OR
(iii) (b) Find the mean and the variance of the distribution of number of defective bulbs in a sample of
100 bulbs. (2023)
(I) p = 6% = 6/100 , x = 100 , 𝜆 = 𝑛𝑝 = 100 x 6/100 = 6
𝑒 −6 ×60
P (x=0) = 0!
= 𝑒 −6 = 0.0024
𝑒 −6 ×62
(ii) P (x=2) = = 𝑒 −6 𝑥 18 = 0.0024 𝑋 18 = 0.0432
2!
𝑒 −6 ×60 𝑒 −6 ×61
(iii) P (x=0) + P(x=1) = 0! + 1!
= 𝑒 −6 + 6. 𝑒 −6 = 𝑒 −6 (1 + 6) = 0.0024 𝑋 7 = 0. 0168
Or
𝜆 = 𝑛𝑝 = 100 x 6/100 = 6,
mean = 6 and variance = 𝜆 = 6
13. If m is the mean of Poisson distribution , then P(r=0) is given by :
a) e-m b) em c) e d) m-e (2023-comptt)
𝑒 −𝑚 ×𝑚𝑟 𝑒 −𝑚 ×𝑚0
Solution : P(r) = = 𝑟!
⇒ 𝑃(𝑟 = 0) = 0!
= 𝑒 −𝑚
Correct option is (a)
14. Normal distribution is symmetric about :
a) 𝒗𝒂𝒓𝒊𝒂𝒏𝒄𝒆 b) 𝒔𝒕𝒂𝒏𝒅𝒂𝒓𝒅 𝒅𝒆𝒗𝒊𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 c) mean d) covariance (2023-comptt)
Solution : Normal distribution is symmetric about mean
Correct option is (c)
Q. (a) It is given that 2% of screw manufactured by a company are defective . Using Poisson
distribution, find the probability that a packet of 100 screw contains no defective screw .
(Given e-2 = 0.14) (2023-comptt)
Solution : here n = 100 and p= 2% = 0.02 , m = np = 100 x 0.02 = 2
𝑒 −𝑚 ×𝑚0
If there is no defective screw , then 𝑃(𝑟 = 0) = 0!
= 𝑒 −𝑚 = 𝑒 −2 = 0.14
Q If a standard deviation of a poissin variable X is √𝟑 , then find P(X > 0)
(Given e-3 = 0.05) (2023-comptt)
Solution : √𝜆 = √3 [𝑠. 𝑑. = √𝜆] ⇒ 𝜆 = 3
𝑒 −3 𝑋 30 0.05
𝑃(𝑥 > 0) = 1 − 𝑃(0) = 1 − =1− = 0.95
0! 1
Q. If a fair coin is tossed 9 times, find the probability of
a) exactly five tails b) At least five tails c) At most five tails (2023-comptt)
Solution : Let X denote the number of tails in an experiment of 9 such trials and hence is the binomial
distribution
Here, n = 9, p = ½ and q = 1 – p = 1-½ = ½
1𝑟 19−𝑟 19
As P ( ‘r’ successes) = 𝑛𝑐𝑟 𝑝𝑟 𝑞 𝑛−𝑟 =9𝑐𝑟 2 2
= 9𝑐𝑟 2
63
a) Probability of exact 5 successes in 9 trials = P( X = 5) = 9𝑐5 𝑝5 𝑞 9−5 = 256
1 9 256 1
b) Probability of at least 5 successes in 9 trials = P ( X ≥ 5) = (2) [9𝑐5 + 9𝑐6 + 9𝑐7 + 9𝑐8 + 9𝑐9 ] = 512 = 2
1 9
c) Probability of at most 5 successes in 9 trials = P ( X ≤ 5) =(2) [9𝑐0 + 9𝑐1 + 9𝑐2 + 9𝑐3 + 9𝑐4 + 9𝑐5 ] =
382 191
512
= 256
Q. Let X denotes the number of hours a person watches T.V. during a randomly selected day. The
probability that X takes the value x, where k is some unknown constant
𝟎. 𝟐 , 𝒊𝒇 𝒙𝒊 = 𝟎
𝒌𝒙 , 𝑰𝒇 𝒙𝒊 = 𝟏 𝒐𝒓 𝟐
P(X=xi) = { 𝒊
𝒌(𝟓 − 𝒙𝒊 ) , 𝒊𝒇 𝒙𝒊 = 𝟑
𝟎 , 𝒐𝒕𝒉𝒆𝒓𝒘𝒊𝒔𝒆
(i) Find the value of k .
(ii) Find : P(X=2) , P(X≥2) and P(X≤2) (2023-comptt)

Solution : (i) ∑ 𝑝𝑖 = 1 ⟹ 5k + 0.2 = 1 ⟹ k =0.16

(ii) P(X=2) = 2k =0.16 x 2 = 0.32 ,
P(X≥2) = 2k + 2k = 4k = 4 x 0.16 = 0.64
𝑃(𝑥 ≤2) = 0.2 + k + 2𝑘 = 0.2 + 3k = 0.2+3 x 0.16 = 0.2 + 0.48 = 0.68
Q. In an examination, 2000 students appeared and the mean of the normal distribution of marks is 30
with standard deviation as 6.25. Find out how many students are expected to score.
i. between 20 and 40 marks. ii. less than 25 marks
(Use P(0≤ Z ≤ 1.6) = 0.4452 , P(0 ≤ Z ≤ 0.8) = 0.2881) (2023-comptt)
Solution : µ = 30 , 𝜎 = 6.25
𝑋−𝜇 20−30 10
( i)if x = 20 , then Z = = = − = −1.6
𝜎 6.25 6.25
𝑋−𝜇 40−30 10
if x = 40 , then Z = 𝜎
= 6.25 = 6.25 = 1.6
P(20 < x < 40) = P (-1.6 < Z < 1.6) = 2 x P (0 < Z < 1.6 ) = 2 x 0.4452 = 0.8904= 89.04%
89.04
Number of student = 2000 x = 1780.80 = = 1781 student
100
𝑋−𝜇 25−30 5
(ii) if x = 25 , then Z = 𝜎
= 6.25
= − 6.25 = −0.8
P(x < 25) = F (Z < -0.8 ) = 0.5 - P(0 ≤ Z ≤ 0.8) = 0.5 - 0.2881 = 0.2119
0.2119
No .of student = 2000 x = 423.8= 424 student
100
Q. A fair coin is tossed twice and outcomes are noted. If the random variable X represents the
number of heads that appeared in the experiment, then the mathematical expectation of X is :
𝟏 𝟏 𝟏
(a) 1 (b) (c) (d) 𝟏 (2024)
𝟐 𝟒 𝟐
Solution (a) Here n = 2 and p = ½ , q = ½
E(x) = np = 2 x ½ = 1
Q. If for a Poisson variate X, P(X = k) = P(X = k + 1), then the variance of X is : (2024)
(a) k-1 (b) k (c) k + 1 (d) k + 2
𝑒 −𝜆 .𝜆𝑘 𝑒 −𝜆 .𝜆𝑘+1
Solution (c) , P(X = k) = P(X = k + 1) ⇒ =
𝑘! (𝑘+1)!
𝜆𝑘 .𝜆𝑘 .𝜆
⇒ = ⇒ 𝜆 = 𝑘 + 1 , 𝑣𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 = 𝜆 = 𝑘 + 1
𝑘! (𝑘+1)𝑘!
Q. In a binomial distribution, n = 200 and p = 0·04. Taking Poisson distribution as an approximation to
the binomial distribution : (2024)
Assertion (A) : Mean of Poisson distribution = 8
𝟓𝟏𝟐
Reason (R) : P(X=4) = 𝟑𝒆𝟖 .
Solution : (b) Mean of Poisson distribution = np = 200 x 0.04 = 8
𝑒 −𝜆 .𝜆𝑟 𝑒 −8 .84 8 ×8×8×8 512
P(X=4) = 𝑟!
= 4!
= 𝑒 8 ( 4×3×2×1) = 3𝑒 8 .
Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is the not the correct explanation of the
Assertion
Q. Given that the scores of a set of candidates on an IQ test are normally distributed. If the IQ test has
a mean of 100 and a standard deviation of 10, determine the probability that a candidate who takes
the test will score between 90 and 110. [Given P (Z < 1) = 0·8413 and P (Z < – 1) = 0·1587]
𝑋−100
Solution: Here, Z = 10 (2024)
110−100 90−100
If X = 110 , then Z = 10 = 1 , If X = 90 , then Z = 10 = −1
P(90 < X < 110) = P(-1 < Z < 1) = P( Z < 1) – P( Z < -1 )= 0.8413 – 0.1587 = 0.6826
Q Let X denote the number of hours a Class 12 student studies during a randomly selected school day.
The probability that X can take the values xi, for an unknown constant ‘k’ : (2024)
𝟎. 𝟏 𝒊𝒇 𝒙𝒊 = 𝟎
𝑷(𝑿 = 𝒌) = { 𝒌𝒙𝒊 𝒊𝒇 𝒙𝒊 = 𝟏 𝒐𝒓 𝟐
𝒌(𝟓 − 𝒙𝒊 ) 𝒊𝒇 𝒙𝒊 = 𝟑 𝒐𝒓 𝟒
(i) Find the value of k.
(ii) Determine the probability that the student studied for at least 2 hours.
 (iii) Determine the probability that the student studied for at most 2 hours.
Solution :
3
(i) 𝟎.𝟏 + 𝐤 + 𝟐𝐤 + 𝟐𝐤 + 𝐤 = 𝟏  𝟎.𝟏 + 𝟔𝐤 = 𝟏  𝐤 = 20
3 3
(ii) 𝐏(𝐗≥𝟐) = 𝐏(𝟐) + 𝐏(𝟑) + 𝐏(𝟒) = 𝟐𝐤 + 𝟐𝐤 + 𝐤 = 𝟓𝐤 = 5 × 20 = 4
1 1 3 11
(iii) 𝐏(𝐗≤𝟐) = 𝐏(𝟎) + 𝐏(𝟏) + 𝐏(𝟐) = 𝟎.𝟏 + 𝐤 + 𝟐𝐤 = 10 + 3𝑘 = 10 + 3 × 20 = 20
Q. A river near a small town floods and overflows twice in every 10 years on an average. Assuming
that the Poisson distribution is appropriate, what is the mean expectation ? Also, calculate the
probability of 3 or less overflows and floods in a 10-year interval. [Given e–2 = 0·13534] (2024)
solution : Here, mean expectation = 𝛌 = 𝟐
𝜆𝑘 𝑒 −𝜆
We know that , P(𝐗=𝐤) = 𝑘!
20 𝑒 −2 21 𝑒 −2 22 𝑒 −2 23 𝑒 −2
P(𝐗≤𝟑 )= 𝐏(𝟎) + 𝐏(𝟏) + 𝐏(𝟐) + 𝐏(𝟑) = 0!
+ 1!
+ 2!
+ 3!
4 19
𝐞−𝟐(𝟏+𝟐+𝟐 + ) = 𝟎.𝟏𝟑𝟓𝟑𝟒 × = 𝟎.𝟖𝟓𝟕𝟏 𝐨𝐫 𝟎.𝟖𝟔
3 3
Q. A random variable X takes the values – 1, 0 , 1 . If its mean is 0.6 and P(X=0) = 0.2 , then P(X=1) is :
(2024-comptt)
(a) 0.7 (b) 𝟎. 𝟓 (c) 𝟎. 𝟒 (d) 0.3
Solution : (a)
X -1 0 1

P(X) m 0.2 n

We know that m + 0.2 + n = 1 ⇒ m + n = 0.8 …….(i)

Also mean = 0.6 ⇒ -1 x m + 0 x 0.2 + 1 x n = 0.6 ⇒ -m + n = 0.6 ……..(ii)
From (i) & (ii) , we get 2n = 1.4 ⇒ n = 0.7
Q. 100 identical coins each with probability P showing up heads are tossed once . If 0 < p < 1 and the
probability of heads on 50 points is equal to that of heads showing on 51 coins, then the value of p is :
(2024-comptt)
1 49 50 51
(a) 2 (b) 101 (c) 101 (d) 101
Solution : (d) Here n = 100 , It is given that 𝑃(𝑋 = 50) = 𝑃(𝑋 = 51)
100! 100!
⇒ 100𝐶50 (𝑝)50 (q)50 = 100𝐶51 (𝑝)51 (q)49 ⇒ 50!50! 𝑞 = 51!49! 𝑝
1 1 1 1
⇒ 50! ×50 ×49! (1 − 𝑝) = 51 ×50! ×49! 𝑝 ⇒ 50 (1 − 𝑝) = 51 𝑝
51
⇒ 51 – 51p = 50 p ⇒ 51 = 101p ⇒ p = 101
4
Q. The probability that a bomb dropped from a plane strikes the target is . What is the probability
5
that out of six bombs dropped , exactly 2 bombs strike the target: (2024-comptt)
4 5 4 5 𝟒𝟖 𝟔𝟒
(a) 𝟐 (5) (b) 𝟏 − 𝟐 (5) (c) 𝟓𝟓 (d) 𝟓𝟔
4 1
Solution : (c) p = 5 , 𝑛 = 6 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑞 = 5
4 2 1 4 6! 16 1 48
⇒ 𝑃(𝑋 = 2) = 6𝐶2 (5) (5) = 2! ×4! × 52 × 54 = 55
Q. If X is a normal variate with mean (µ) = 70 and standard deviation (𝝈) = 5 , then find P(X < 75) .
(Given : P(0 < Z < 1) = 0.3413 ) (2024-comptt)
𝑋−𝜇 75−70
Solution : if X = 75 , then 𝑍 = 𝜎 = 5 = 1
P(X < 75) = P(Z < 1) = 0.5 + P(0 < Z < 1) = 0.5 + 0.3413 = 0.8413
Q. If X is a Poisson variate such that P(X=0) = P(X=1) = 𝜶 , then show that 𝜶 = 𝒆−𝟏 (2024-comptt)
 e−λ .𝜆0 e−λ .𝜆1
Solution : 𝑃(𝑋 = 0) = 𝑃(𝑋 = 1) ⇒ 0!
= 1!
=1= 𝜆
e−1 .10 −1
𝑖𝑓 𝛼 = 𝑃(𝑋 = 0), 𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑛 𝛼 = 0! = 𝑒
Q. (a) An unbiased die is thrown again and again until three sixes are obtained. Find the probability of
obtaining the 3rd six in the 6th row of the die (2024-comptt)
Solution : Let p be the probability of obtaining a six in a single throw of die , then
1 1 5
𝑝 = ,𝑞 = 1 − =
6 6 6
𝑂𝑏𝑡𝑎𝑖𝑛𝑖𝑛𝑔 3𝑟𝑑 𝑠𝑖𝑥 𝑖𝑛 6𝑡ℎ 𝑡ℎ𝑟𝑜𝑤 𝑚𝑒𝑎𝑛𝑠 𝑤𝑒 𝑔𝑜𝑡 𝑓𝑖𝑟𝑠𝑡 2 𝑠𝑖𝑥𝑒𝑠 𝑖𝑛 𝑓𝑖𝑟𝑠𝑡 5 𝑡ℎ𝑟𝑜𝑤 .
∴ 𝑅𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑖𝑟𝑒𝑑 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑏𝑎𝑏𝑖𝑙𝑖𝑡𝑦 = 𝑃(𝑔𝑒𝑡𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 2 𝑠𝑖𝑥 𝑖𝑛 𝑓𝑖𝑟𝑠𝑡 5 𝑡ℎ𝑟𝑜𝑤 ) × 𝑃(𝑔𝑒𝑡𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑎 𝑠𝑖𝑥 𝑖𝑛 6𝑡ℎ 𝑡ℎ𝑟𝑜𝑤)
1 2 5 3 1 625
= 5𝐶2 𝑝2 𝑞 3 × 𝑝 == 10 (6) (6) × 6 = 23328
Q. An aptitude test for selecting officers in a bank is conducted on 1000 candidates. The mean score
obtained is 42 and the standard deviation of score is 24. Assuming normal distribution for the score,
find (2024-comptt)
(i) the number of candidate whose score exceed 60
(ii) the number of candidates whose scores lie between 30 and 60
[Given : P(0 ≤ Z ≤ 0.75) = 0.2734 , P(0 ≤ Z ≤ 0.5) = 0.1915 ]
𝑋−42
solution : Here, µ = 42 , 𝜎 = 24 . S0 Z = 24
60−42
(i) If X = 60 , then Z = 24 = 0.75
P( X > 60) = P( Z > 0.75) = 0.5 - P(0 ≤ Z ≤ 0.75) = 0.5 – 0.2734 = 0.2266
the number of candidate whose score exceed 60 = 1000 x 0.226 = 226.6 = 227
60−42 30−42
(i) If X = 60 , then Z = 24 = 0.75 , If X = 30 , then Z = 24 = −0.5
P( 30 < X < 60) = P( - 0.5 < Z < 0.75) = P(0.5 ≤ Z ≤ 0) + P(0 ≤ Z ≤ 0.75) = 0.1915 + 0.2734 = 0.4649
the number of candidate whose score lie between 30 and 60 = 1000 x 0.4649 = 464.9 = 465