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DBMS

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Rashadur Rahaman
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16 views16 pages

DBMS

Uploaded by

Rashadur Rahaman
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Relational Algebra

Presented by

MD. Fardin Omar Hamim

ID: 202231064187

Sadia Akter Lopa

ID:202231064156
Content:

● Relational Algebra Concept


● Key Operations of Relational Algebra
● Key Operations Concept
● Example of Key Operations
What is Relational Algebra?
Relational Algebra is a theoretical
query language.

❏ It is a set of algebraic operation.


❏ Input : One or more relations.
❏ Output : A relation.
Operators Of Relational Algebra

Relational Algebra defines a variety of


operators to work with relations these are:
❏ Select Operation (σ)
❏ Project Operation (π)
❏ Rename Operation (ρ)
Select Operation (σ):

● Select tuples that satisfy a given predicate.


● Denoted by lowercase Greek letter sigma (σ).

● Syntax: σ <selection_condition> (Relation).


Example: Find all the persons which hobby is ‘stamps’.

Solution: σ Hobby = “Stamps” (Person)


Output:
Project Operation (π):

● It projects column(s) that satisfy a given


predicate.
● Denoted by the uppercase Greek letter Pi(π).

● Syntax: π Attribute1,Attribute2,…(Relation).
Example: Project attribute Name and Hobby.

Solution: π Name, Hobby (Person)


Output:
Combining Select and project operation:
Example:Find only the names of the employees who drives
Red car. Employee

Solution: πFname, LName(σColor= ‘Red’(Employee))


Output:
Rename Operation (ρ):

● The Rename operation is used to rename the


output of a relation.
● Denoted by lowercase Greek letter rho (ρ).
● Syntax: ρNewRelationName(NewAttr1,NewAttr2,...,NewAttrN)(Relation).
Example:Rename the attribute of name as EmployeeName.

Solution: ρ(EmployeeName, EmployeeID) (Employee) Employee


Output:
Combining Select,project and Rename operation:
Example:Select employees from the "IT" department, Project
only their EmpID and Salary and Rename the resulting relation
to IT_Employees with attributes ID and Pay.
Employee
Solution:
ρIT_Employees(ID,Pay)(πEmpID,Salary(σDepartment=′IT′(Employee)))

Output:
IT_Employees
“Embrace failure as a necessary step
toward success.”
J.K. Rowling

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