TABLE OF CONTENTS [ T O C ]

PAGE
SER DESCRIPTION
NO
01 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 04

02 INTRODUCTION 05

03 OBJECTIVES OF THE PROJECT 05

04 PROPOSED SYSTEM 06
SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT LIFE CYCLE
05 07
(SDLC)
PHASES OF SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT
06 08
LIFE CYCLE
07 FLOW CHART 15

08 SOURCE CODE 16

09 OUTPUT 19

10 TESTING 20
HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE
11 23
REQUIREMENTS
12 BIBLIOGRAPHY 24
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Apart from the efforts of me, the success of any project depends largely
on the encouragement and guidelines of many others. I take this opportunity
to express my gratitude to the people who have been instrumental in the
successful completion of this project.
I express deep sense of gratitude to almighty God for giving me strength
for the successful completion of the project.
I express my heartfelt gratitude to my parents for constant
encouragement while carrying out this project.
I gratefully acknowledge the contribution of theindividuals who
contributed to bringing this project up to this level, who continues to look after
me despite my flaws,
I express my deep sense of gratitude to the luminary The Principal,
Sainik School Amaravathinagar who has been continuously motivating
andextending their helping hand to us.
I express my sincere thanks to the academician The Vice Principal, Sainik
School Amaravathinagar, for constant encouragement and the guidance
provided during this project
 I am overwhelmed to express my thanks to The Administrative Officer
for providing me an infrastructure and moral support while carrying out this
project in the school.
My sincere thanks to Mr. Praveen M Jigajinni, Master In-charge, A
guide, Mentor all the above a friend, who critically reviewed my project and
helped in solving each and every problem, occurred during implementation of
the project.The guidance and support received from all the members who
contributed and who are contributing to this project, was vital for the success
of the project. I am grateful for their constant support and help.

PROJECT ON HOSPITAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

INTRODUCTION

1.The Hospital Management System (HMS) is designed for Any Hospital to replace
their existing manual, paper-based system. This System targets to provide complete
solution for Hospital and Health care services. This System can be used in any
Hospital, Clinic, Diagnostics or Pathology labs for maintaining patient details and
their test results. It Integrates the entire Resources of a Hospital into One Integrated
Software Application.

OBJECTIVES OF THE PROJECT

The objective of this project is to let the students apply the programming

knowledge into a real- world situation/problem and exposed the students how

programming skills helps in developing a good software.

1. Write programs utilizing modern software tools.

2. Apply object-oriented programming principles effectively when developing

small to medium sized projects.

3. Write effective procedural code to solve small to medium sized problems.

 4. Students will demonstrate a breadth of knowledge in computer science, as

exemplified in the areas of systems, theory and software development.

5. Students will demonstrate ability to conduct research or applied Computer

Science project, requiring writing and presentation skills which exemplify

scholarly style in computer science.

PROPOSED SYSTEM

Today one cannot afford to rely on the fallible human beings of be really

wants to stand against today’s merciless competition where not to wise saying “to

err is human” no longer valid, it’s outdated to rationalize your mistake. So, to keep

pace with time, to bring about the best result without malfunctioning and greater

efficiency so to replace the unending heaps of flies with a much-sophisticated hard

disk of the computer.

One must use the data management software. Software has been an ascent

in atomization various organisations. Many software products working is now in

markets, which have helped in making the organizations work easier and efficiently.

Data management initially had to maintain a lot of ledgers and a lot of paperwork has

to be done but now software production this organization has made their work faster

and easier. Now only this software has to be loaded on the computer and work can

be done.

This prevents a lot of time and money. The work becomes fully automated

and any information regarding the organization can be obtained by clicking the

button. Moreover, now it's an age of computers of and automating such an

organization gives the better look.

SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT LIFE CYCLE (SDLC)

The systems development life cycle is a project management technique

that divides complex projects into smaller, more easily managed
segments or phases. Segmenting projects allows managers to verify the
successful completion of project phases before allocating resources to
subsequent phases.

Software development projects typically include initiation, planning,

design, development, testing, implementation, and maintenance phases.
However, the phases may be divided differently depending on the
organization involved.

For example, initial project activities might be designated as request,

requirements-definition, and planning phases, or initiation, concept-
development, and planning phases. End users of the system under
development should be involved in reviewing the output of each phase
to ensure the system is being built to deliver the needed functionality.

PHASES OF SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT LIFE CYCLE

INITIATION PHASE

The Initiation Phase begins when a business sponsor identifies a need or an

opportunity.

The purpose of the Initiation Phase is to:

Identify and validate an opportunity to improve business accomplishments of

the organization or a deficiency related to a business need.
Identify significant assumptions and constraints on solutions to that need.
Recommend the exploration of alternative concepts and methods to satisfy
the need including questioning the need for technology, i.e., will a change in
the business process offer a solution?
Assure executive business and executive technical sponsorship. The Sponsor
designates a Project Manager, and the business need is documented in a
Concept Proposal. The Concept Proposal includes information about the
business process and the relationship to the Agency/Organization.
Infrastructure and the Strategic Plan. A successful Concept Proposal results
in a Project Management Charter which outlines the authority of the project
manager to begin
the project.
 Careful oversight is required to ensure projects support strategic business
objectives and resources are effectively implemented into an organization's
enterprise architecture. The initiation phase begins when an opportunity to add,
improve, or correct a system is identified and formally requested through the
presentation of a business case. The business case should, at a minimum, describe
a proposal’s purpose, identify expected benefits, and explain how the proposed
system supports one of the organization’s business strategies. The business case
should also identify alternative solutions and detail as many informational, functional,
and network requirements as possible.

SYSTEM CONCEPT DEVELOPMENT PHASE

The System Concept Development Phase begins after a business need or

opportunity is validated by the Agency/Organization Program Leadership and the
Agency/Organization CIO.

The purpose of the System Concept Development Phase is to:

Determine the feasibility and appropriateness of the alternatives.

Identify system interfaces.
Identify basic functional and data requirements to satisfy the business need.
Establish system boundaries; identify goals, objectives, critical success
factors, and performance measures.
Evaluate costs and benefits of alternative approaches to satisfy the basic
functional requirements
Assess project risks
Identify and initiate risk mitigation actions, and develop high-level technical
architecture, process models, data models, and a concept of operations. This
phase explores potential technical solutions within the context of the business
need.
It may include several trade-off decisions such as the decision to use COTS
software products as opposed to developing custom software or reusing
 software components, or the decision to use an incremental delivery versus a
complete, onetime deployment.
Construction of executable prototypes is encouraged to evaluate technology
to support the business process. The System Boundary Document serves as
an important reference document to support the Information Technology
Project Request (ITPR) process.
The ITPR must be approved by the State CIO before the project can move
forward.

PICTORIAL REPRESENTATION OF SDLC:

PLANNING PHASE

The planning phase is the most critical step in completing development,

acquisition, and maintenance projects. Careful planning, particularly in the early
stages of a project, is necessary to coordinate activities and manage project risks
effectively. The depth and formality of project plans should be commensurate with
the characteristics and risks of a given project. Project plans refine the information
gathered during the initiation phase by further identifying the specific activities and
resources required to complete a project.
A critical part of a project manager's job is to coordinate discussions between
user, audit, security, design, development, and network personnel to identify and
document as many functional, security, and network requirements as possible.
During this phase, a plan is developed that documents the approach to be used and
includes a discussion of methods, tools, tasks, resources, project schedules, and
user input. Personnel assignments, costs, project schedule, and target dates are
established.
A Project Management Plan is created with components related to acquisition
planning, configuration management planning, quality assurance planning, concept
of operations, system security, verification and validation, and systems engineering
management planning.

REQUIREMENTS ANALYSIS PHASE

This phase formally defines the detailed functional user requirements using
high-level requirements identified in the Initiation, System Concept, and Planning
phases. It also delineates the requirements in terms of data, system performance,
security, and maintainability requirements for the system. The requirements are
defined in this phase to a level of detail sufficient for systems design to proceed.
They need to be measurable, testable, and relate to the business need or
opportunity identified in the Initiation Phase. The requirements that will be used to
determine acceptance of the system are captured in the Test and Evaluation
Masterplan.

The purposes of this phase are to:

Further define and refine the functional and data requirements and document
them in the Requirements Document,
Complete business process reengineering of the functions to be supported
(i.e., verify what information drives the business process, what information is
generated, who generates it, where does the information go, and who
processes it),
 Develop detailed data and process models (system inputs, outputs, and the
process.
Develop the test and evaluation requirements that will be used to determine
acceptable system performance.

DESIGN PHASE

The design phase involves converting the informational, functional, and

network requirements identified during the initiation and planning phases into unified
design specifications that developers use to script programs during the development
phase. Program designs are constructed in various ways. Using a top-down
approach, designers first identify and link major program components and interfaces,
then expand design layouts as they identify and link smaller subsystems and
connections. Using a bottom-up approach, designers first identify and link minor
program components and interfaces, then expand design layouts as they identify
and link larger systems and connections. Contemporary design techniques often use
prototyping tools that build mock-up designs of items such as application screens,
database layouts, and system architectures. End users, designers, developers,
database managers, and network administrators should review and refine the
prototyped designs in an iterative process until they agree on an acceptable design.
Audit, security, and quality assurance personnel should be involved in the review
and approval process. During this phase, the system is designed to satisfy the
functional requirements identified in the previous phase. Since problems in the
design phase could be very expensive to solve in the later stage of the software
development, a variety of elements are considered in the design to mitigate risk.
These include:

Identifying potential risks and defining mitigating design features.

Performing a security risk assessment.
Developing a conversion plan to migrate current data to the new system.
Determining the operating environment.
Defining major subsystems and their inputs and outputs.
Allocating processes to resources.
 Preparing detailed logic specifications for each software module. The result is
a draft System Design Document which captures the preliminary design for
the system.
Everything requiring user input or approval is documented and reviewed by
the user. Once these documents have been approved by the Agency CIO and
Business Sponsor, the final System Design Document is created to serve as
the Critical/Detailed Design for the system.
This document receives a rigorous review by Agency technical and functional
representatives to ensure that it satisfies the business requirements.
Concurrent with the development of the system design, the Agency Project
Manager begins development of the Implementation Plan, Operations and
Maintenance Manual, and the Training Plan.

DEVELOPMENT PHASE
The development phase involves converting design specifications into
executable programs. Effective development standards include requirements that
programmers and other project participants discuss design specifications before
programming begins. The procedures help ensure programmers clearly
understand program designs and functional requirements. Programmers use
various techniques to develop computer programs. The large transaction-oriented
programs associated with financial institutions have traditionally been developed
using procedural programming techniques. Procedural programming involves the
line-by-line scripting of logical instructions that are combined to form a program.
Effective completion of the previous stages is a key factor in the success of the
Development phase. The Development phase consists of:

Translating the detailed requirements and design into system components.

Testing individual elements (units) for usability.
Preparing for integration and testing of the IT system.

INTEGRATION AND TEST PHASE

 Subsystem integration, system, security, and user acceptance testing is
conducted during the integration and test phase. The user, with those
responsible for quality assurance, validates that the functional requirements,
as defined in the functional requirements document, are satisfied by the
developed or modified system. OIT Security staff assess the system security
and issue a security certification and accreditation prior to
installation/implementation.

Multiple levels of testing are performed, including:

Testing at the development facility by the contractor and possibly supported

by end users
Testing as a deployed system with end users working together with contract
personnel.
Operational testing by the end user alone performing all functions.
Requirements are traced throughout testing; a final Independent Verification &
Validation evaluation is performed, and all documentation is reviewed and
accepted prior to acceptance of the system.

IMPLEMENTATION PHASE

This phase is initiated after the system has been tested and accepted by the
user. In this phase, the system is installed to support the intended business
functions. System performance is compared to performance objectives established
during the planning phase. Implementation includes user notification, user training,
installation of hardware, installation of software onto production computers, and
integration of the system into daily work processes. This phase continues until the
system is operating in production in accordance with the defined user requirements.

OPERATIONS AND MAINTENANCE PHASE

The system operation is ongoing. The system is monitored for continued

performance in accordance with user requirements and needed system
modifications are incorporated. Operations continue if the system can be effectively
adapted to respond to the organization’s needs. When modifications or changes are
identified, the system may re-enter the planning phase.

The purpose of this phase is to:

Operate, maintain, and enhance the system.

Certify that the system can process sensitive information.
Conduct periodic assessments of the system to ensure the functional
requirements continue to be satisfied.
Determine when the system needs to be modernized, replaced, or retired.
FLOW CHART

PYTHON-MYSQL CONNECTING

SOFTWARE LOGIN WITH USERNAME&PASSWORD

ASKS USER TO ENTER HIS CHOICE

YOUR NEED WILL BE FULFILLED PYTHON BY

INTERACTING
AGAIN WITH
FIRST PAGE MYSQL
WILL BE OPENED TO FULFILL THE
i.e registering-stored in database
NEED OF USER
getting information-get from database

SOURCE CODE
from sys import exit

import mysql.connector as sql

conn=sql.connect(host='localhost',user='root',passwd='',databa

se='project')

if conn.is_connected():

print('successfully connected')
c1=conn.cursor()

print('---------------------------------------------')

print("HOSPITAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM")

print('---------------------------------------------')

print('"GOD WISHES YOU"')

print("1.LOGIN")

print("2.EXIT")

choice=int(input("ENTER YOUR CHOICE:"))

if choice==1:

u1=input("enter user name:")

pwd1=input("enter the password:")

while u1=='vasu'and pwd1=='vasu6072':

print('connected')

print("WELCOME TO HOSPITAL")

print("successfully connected")

print('1.RegisteringPatient details')

print('2.RegisteringDoctor details')

print('3.RegisteringWorker details')

print("4.total patient details")

print("5.total doctor details")

print("6.total worker details")

print('7.Patient detail')

print('8.Doctor detail')

print('9.Worker detail')

print('10.Exit')
 choice=int(input('ENTER YOUR CHOICE:'))

if choice==1:

p_name=input('Enter Patient Name:')

p_age=int(input('Enter Age:'))

p_problems=input('Enter the Problem/Disease:')

p_phono=int(input('Enter Phone number:'))

sql_insert="insert into patient_details

values(""'"+p_name+"',"+str(p_age)

+",'"+p_problems+"',"+str(p_phono)+")"

c1.execute(sql_insert)

print('SUCCESSFULLY REGISTERED')

conn.commit()

elif choice==2:

d_name=input('Enter Doctor Name:')

d_age=int(input('Enter Age:'))

d_department=input('Enter the Department:')

d_phono=int(input('Enter Phone number:'))

sql_insert="insert into doctor_details

values(""'"+d_name+"',"+str(d_age)

+",'"+d_department+"',"+str(d_phono)+")"

c1.execute(sql_insert)

print('successfully registered')

conn.commit()

elif choice==3:
 w_name=input('Enter Worker Name:')

w_age=int(input('Enter Age:'))

w_workname=input('Enter type of work:')

w_phono=int(input('Enter Phone number:'))

sql_insert="insert into worker_details

values(""'"+w_name+"',"+str(w_age)

+",'"+w_workname+"',"+str(w_phono)+")"

c1.execute(sql_insert)

print('successfully registered')

conn.commit()

elif choice==4:

sql_w='select*from patient_details '

c1.execute(sql_w)

r = c1.fetchall()

for i in r :

print(i)

elif choice==5:

sql_x="select*from doctor_details"

c1.execute(sql_x)

s=c1.fetchall()

for i in s:

print(i)

elif choice==6:
 sql_y="select*from worker_details"

c1.execute(sql_y)

t=c1.fetchall()

for i in t:

print(i)

elif choice==7:

h=input("Enter the name:")

sql_w='select*from patient_details where

p_name=("{}")'.format(h)

c1.execute(sql_w)

u = c1.fetchall()

for i in u:

print(i)

elif choice==8:

d=input("Enter the name:")

sql_d='select*from doctor_details where

p_name=("{}")'.format(d)

c1.execute(sql_d)

v=c1.fetchall()

for i in v:

print(i)

elif choice==9:

f=input("Enter the name:")

 sql_f='select*from worker_details where

p_name=("{}")'.format(f)

c1.execute(sql_f)

w=c1.fetchall()

for i in w:

print(i)

elif choice==10:

exit()

break

else:

print('wrong username&password')

if choice==2:

exit()

OUTPUT

Login output:
After login:

After choosing choice:

TESTING

Software Testing is an empirical investigation conducted to provide

stakeholders with information about the quality of the product or service under test
[1], with respect to the context in which it is intended to operate. Software Testing
also provides an objective, independent view of the software to allow the business to
appreciate and understand the risks at implementation of the software. Test
techniques include, but are not limited to, the process of executing a program or
application with the intent of finding software bugs.
It can also be stated as the process of validating and verifying that a software
program/application/product meets the business and technical requirements that
guided its design and development, so that it works as expected and can be
implemented with the same characteristics. Software Testing, depending on the
testing method employed, can be implemented at any time in the development
employed
process, however the most test effort is after the requirements have been
defined and coding process has been completed.

TESTING METHODS
 Software testing methods are traditionally divided into black box testing and
white box testing. These two approaches are used to describe the point of view that
a test engineer takes when designing test cases.

BLACK BOX TESTING

Black box testing treats the software as a "black box," without any knowledge
of internal implementation. Black box testing methods include equivalence
partitioning, boundary value analysis, all-pairs testing, fuzz testing, model-based
testing, traceability matrix, exploratory testing and specification-based testing.

SPECIFICATION-BASED TESTING

Specification-based testing aims to test the functionality of software according

to the applicable requirements.[16] Thus, the tester inputs data into, and only sees
the output from, the test object. This level of testing usually requires thorough test
cases to be provided to the tester, who then can simply verify that for a given input,
the output value (or behaviour), either "is" or "is not" the same as the expected value
specified in the test case. Specification-based testing is necessary, but it is
insufficient to guard against certain risks

ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES

The black box tester has no "bonds" with the code, and a tester's perception
is very simple: a code must have bugs. Using the principle, "Ask and you shall
receive," black box testers find bugs where programmers don't. But, on the other
hand, black box testing has been said to be "like a walk in a dark labyrinth without a
flashlight," because the tester doesn't know how the software being tested was
constructed.
That's why there are situations when (1) a black box tester writes many test
cases to check something that can be tested by only one test case, and/or (2) some
parts of the back end are not tested at all. Therefore, black box testing has the
advantage of "an unaffiliated opinion," on the one hand, and the disadvantage of
"blind exploring," on the other.

WHITE BOX TESTING

White box testing, by contrast to black box testing, is when the tester has
access to the internal data structures and algorithms (and the code that implement
these)

Types of white box testing: -

The following types of white box testing exist:
api testing - Testing of the application using Public and Private APIs.
Code coverage - creating tests to satisfy some criteria of code
coverage.
For example, the test designer can create tests to cause all statements in the
program to be executed at least once.
fault injection methods.
mutation testing methods.
static testing - White box testing includes all static testing.

CODE COMPLETENESS EVALUATION

White box testing methods can also be used to evaluate the completeness of
a test suite that was created with black box testing methods. This allows the software
team to examine parts of a system that are rarely tested and ensures that the most
important function points have been tested.

Two common forms of code coverage are:

FunctionCoverage: Which reports on functions executed and
StatementCoverage:Which reports on the number of lines executed to
complete the test.
They both return coverage metric, measured as a percentage

BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. Computer science With Python - Class XI By : Sumita Arora
2. A Project Report On Blood Bank Management System (BBMS)
By : Praveen M Jigajinni
3. Website: https://www.w3resource.com

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