Grading Criteria

Students are required to finish exercises/quizzes in each chapter in

order to move to the next chapter. The final result for the course will
be assessed as follows:

Attendance/Exercises/Group Assignment: 50%

Final exam (MCQ & Constructed response , 120 minutes): 50%

12/30/2024 Lan Mai-Cao, HCM University of Technology, Vietnam 8
 Definition of Reservoir

In petroleum industry, reservoir fluids is a mixture of hydrocarbons (oil

and/or gas), water and other non-hydrocarbon compounds (such as H2S,
CO2, N2, ...)

12/30/2024 Dr. Mai Cao Lân, Faculty of Geology & Petroleum Engineering, HCMUT, Vietnam 9
 Definition of Reservoir

Reservoir fluids is a mixture of hydrocarbons (oil and/or gas), water and

other non-hydrocarbon compounds (such as H2S, CO2, N2, ...)

12/30/2024 Dr. Mai Cao Lân, Faculty of Geology & Petroleum Engineering, HCMUT, Vietnam 10
Reservoir Structure

12/30/2024 Dr. Mai Cao Lân, Faculty of Geology & Petroleum Engineering, HCMUT, Vietnam 11
Reservoir Cross-section

12/30/2024 Dr. Mai Cao Lân, Faculty of Geology & Petroleum Engineering, HCMUT, Vietnam 12
Reservoir Structure
Faults

12/30/2024 Dr. Mai Cao Lân, Faculty of Geology & Petroleum Engineering, HCMUT, Vietnam 13
Definition of Engineering

Engineering is the discipline or profession of applying

necessary knowledge and utilizing physical resources in
order to design, build and control systems or processes that
realize a desired objective and meet specified criteria.

12/30/2024 Dr. Mai Cao Lân, Faculty of Geology & Petroleum Engineering, HCMUT, Vietnam 14
 Definition of Engineering

Engineering is the discipline or profession of

applying necessary knowledge and utilizing
physical resources in order to design, build and
control systems or processes that realize a desired
objective and meet specified criteria.

12/30/2024 Dr. Mai Cao Lân, Faculty of Geology & Petroleum Engineering, HCMUT, Vietnam 15
Necessary Knowledge

Knowledge about oil & gas reservoirs

 Reservoir Rock Properties & Behavior during the
Production Process

 Reservoir Fluid Properties & Behavior during the

Production Process

 Fluid Flows in Reservoirs

12/30/2024 Dr. Mai Cao Lân, Faculty of Geology & Petroleum Engineering, HCMUT, Vietnam 16
 Necessary Knowledge (cont’d)

Knowledge about Design & Analysis Tools

 Reservoir Characterization & Modeling

 Reservoir Simulation

12/30/2024 Dr. Mai Cao Lân, Faculty of Geology & Petroleum Engineering, HCMUT, Vietnam 17
 Definition of Engineering

Engineering is the discipline or profession of

applying necessary knowledge and utilizing
physical resources in order to design, build and
control systems or processes that realize a desired
objective and meet specified criteria.

12/30/2024 Dr. Mai Cao Lân, Faculty of Geology & Petroleum Engineering, HCMUT, Vietnam 18
 Physical Resources

In-place Reservoir Resources

 Reservoir’s energy source associated with the initial
pressure & drive mechanisms during production

 Available flow channels thanks to reservoir’s ability

to transmit fluids (reservoir permeability)

12/30/2024 Dr. Mai Cao Lân, Faculty of Geology & Petroleum Engineering, HCMUT, Vietnam 19
Definition of Engineering

Engineering is the discipline or profession of

applying necessary knowledge and utilizing
physical resources to design, build and control
systems or processes that realize a desired
objective and meet specified criteria.

12/30/2024 Dr. Mai Cao Lân, Faculty of Geology & Petroleum Engineering, HCMUT, Vietnam 20
 Design, Build & Control Systems

 Plan for producing oil & gas from the reservoirs in the
field: Exploit reservoir energy sources; Design
appropriate well patterns; Select suitable subsurface &
surface facilities ...

 Manage the oil field throughout its entire life cycle:

Reservoir monitoring & surveying, production
enhancement, production optimization.

12/30/2024 Dr. Mai Cao Lân, Faculty of Geology & Petroleum Engineering, HCMUT, Vietnam 21
Definition of Engineering

Engineering is the discipline or profession of

applying necessary knowledge and utilizing
physical resources in order to design, build and
control systems or processes that realize a desired
objective and meet specified criteria.

12/30/2024 Dr. Mai Cao Lân, Faculty of Geology & Petroleum Engineering, HCMUT, Vietnam 22
Desired Objectives
• To maximize the profit resulted from the
recovered oil & gas
– To recover as much as possible oil & gas from the
reservoirs
– To recover high-quality oil & gas

12/30/2024 Dr. Mai Cao Lân, Faculty of Geology & Petroleum Engineering, HCMUT, Vietnam 23
Definition of Engineering

Engineering is the discipline or profession of

applying necessary knowledge and utilizing
physical resources in order to design, build and
control systems or processes that realize a desired
objective and meet specified criteria.

12/30/2024 Dr. Mai Cao Lân, Faculty of Geology & Petroleum Engineering, HCMUT, Vietnam 24
 Specified Criteria/Constraints

– Money associated with hired manpower, facilities,

technologies, ...
– Time
– (Global & Local) regulations

12/30/2024 Dr. Mai Cao Lân, Faculty of Geology & Petroleum Engineering, HCMUT, Vietnam 25
Oil Fields and Their Lifecycle

12/30/2024 Dr. Mai Cao Lân, Faculty of Geology & Petroleum Engineering, HCMUT, Vietnam 26
Oil Fields and Their Lifecycle

A lifecycle of an oil field consists of the following stages:

 Exploration
 Appraisal
 Development
 Production
 Abandonment

12/30/2024 Dr. Mai Cao Lân, Faculty of Geology & Petroleum Engineering, HCMUT, Vietnam 27
 Oilfield Life Cycle and E&P Project Team

Geology Select a concession

Hydrocarbons
Exploration

and Select a location

Discover

Geophysics Find new Hydrocarbons

Drilling and Drill and test wells safety

Operations Engineering and efficiently

Petrophysics Evaluate the formation and quantity the amount of HC

near the well
Evaluate the Discovery for
Commercial Development

Production Geology / Interpret and extrapolate the well data to describe the
Appraisal

Seismology reservoir

Economics Check whether the venture is economically justified

Production Technology Design well completions and artificial lift systems

Reservoir Engineering Identify development options and predict recovery

Source: Peter Behrenbruch, 2005

12/30/2024 Dr. Mai Cao Lân, Faculty of Geology & Petroleum Engineering, HCMUT, Vietnam 11
Development Oilfield Life Cycle and E&P Project Team

Reservoir Engineering Reservoir characterization

i) Planning

& Other Disciplines Design field development plans

Economics Select the most profitable development option

Drilling and Drill and complete wells safety and efficiently

ii) Execution

Operations Engineering

Production Geology / Plan and evaluate wells

Production

Reservoir Engineering Update the reservoir model if required

Production Operations Operate and maintain wells and surface facilities

Hydrocarbons
Produce

Production Technology Optimise production performance

Monitor reservoir performance

Reservoir Engineering Identify means to improve recovery

Modified from Peter Behrenbruch, 2005

12/30/2024 Dr. Mai Cao Lân, Faculty of Geology & Petroleum Engineering, HCMUT, Vietnam 12
Revenue Throughout LifeCycle

12/30/2024 Dr. Mai Cao Lân, Faculty of Geology & Petroleum Engineering, HCMUT, Vietnam 30
 Working Areas of Reservoir Engineers

1. Exploration & development of new reservoirs

 Evaluation of well economics

 Optimization of well locations

 Recovery prediction (production forecast)

2. Production optimization of already discovered reservoirs

 Infill drilling

 Well re-completions and/or stimulation

 IOR/EOR

12/30/2024 Dr. Mai Cao Lân, Faculty of Geology & Petroleum Engineering, HCMUT, Vietnam 31
Reservoir Engineering Functions
 Estimate original oil or gas in place (OOIP or
OGIP)
 How much do we have?
 Calculate recovery factor
 How much can we get?
 Determine time scale for hydrocarbon recovery
 How quickly can we get it?
 Assess the economics of the reservoir or field
 How much will we make?

12/30/2024 Dr. Mai Cao Lân, Faculty of Geology & Petroleum Engineering, HCMUT, Vietnam 32
 Multi-disciplinary Working Environment
RESERVOIRS:
 Development Geophysics and Geology
FACILITIES
 Petrophysics
 Reservoir Engineering
WELLS
WELLS:
• Drilling Engineering
• Production Technology (Well Completion)
RESERVOIRS
FACILITIES:
• Facilities Engineering and Production Operations
MANAGEMENTS: Management
• Economic Evaluation Source: Peter Behrenbruch, 2005

12/30/2024 Dr. Mai Cao Lân, Faculty of Geology & Petroleum Engineering, HCMUT, Vietnam 8
Oil Recovery Phases

12/30/2024 Dr. Mai Cao Lân, Faculty of Geology & Petroleum Engineering, HCMUT, Vietnam 34
 EOR – Steam Flooding

12/30/2024 Dr. Mai Cao Lân, Faculty of Geology & Petroleum Engineering, HCMUT, Vietnam 35
 EOR - CO2 Injection Method

12/30/2024 Dr. Mai Cao Lân, Faculty of Geology & Petroleum Engineering, HCMUT, Vietnam 36
 EOR - Chemical Flooding

12/30/2024 Dr. Mai Cao Lân, Faculty of Geology & Petroleum Engineering, HCMUT, Vietnam 37
Data Sources & Reservoir Characterization

12/30/2024 Dr. Mai Cao Lân, Faculty of Geology & Petroleum Engineering, HCMUT, Vietnam 38
 Data Sources & Reservoir Characterization

12/30/2024 Dr. Mai Cao Lân, Faculty of Geology & Petroleum Engineering, HCMUT, Vietnam 39
 Data Sources & Reservoir Characterization

12/30/2024 Dr. Mai Cao Lân, Faculty of Geology & Petroleum Engineering, HCMUT, Vietnam 40